I-Democratic Republic of Congo (i-DRC) yeyona sibini ilizwe elikhulu kwi-Afrika (ngoku i-Sudan isehlukanise) kwaye ilawula i-Afrika ephakathi kwezoqoqosho kunye noluntu. Iipolitiki zayo ziye zahlambalaza ngenxa yeenkoloni, kwaye kwimpuma, ngokukodwa, iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zentlukwano ziye zenza ukuba le nxalenye yelizwe ibe yinto engaqinisekiyo namhlanje. Oku kuyintlekele kubavakashi abafuna ukuhamba ukuya eDRC ukuze babone enye yezona zikhangelelwano eziphambili - i- Gorilla ezinqabileyo zentaba , ezihlala kwiintaba zeVirunga.
Imbali ye-DRC yemfazwe yombango yenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba uhlanga lukhangele ngaphandle kwabatyalomali, kunye nabakhenkethi.
Iinkcukacha Ezifutshane NgeDemocratic Republic of Congo
I-DRC ifumaneka kuMbindi Afrika. Iphela kwiRiphabhliki yaseMntla Afrika kunye neSouth Sudan ukuya ngasentla; Uganda , eRwanda , kunye neBurundi empuma; I-Zambia kunye ne- Angola ukuya ngasemzantsi; kwiRiphabhliki yaseCongo, i-Angola ye-Cabla, ne-Atlantic Ocean ngasentshonalanga. Ili lizwe linokufikelela elwandle nge-40-kilometer (25 mi) elude olunxwemeni lwe-Atlantic eMuanda kunye nomlomo ongama-9 km ububanzi bomlambo waseCongo ovulekileyo kwiGulf of Guinea.
I-DRC yilizwe lesibili elincinci lizwe laseAfrika kwaye lihlanganisa i-2,344,858 sq. Km, eyenza ikhudlwana ngakumbi kuneMexico kunye nekota malunga nobukhulu be-US. I sixeko saseKinshasa. Abantu abayizigidi ezingama-75 bahlala kwi-DRC. Zinalo iilwimi ezimbalwa: isiFrentshi (igosa), isiLingala (ulwimi lweelwimi franca), i-Kingwana (isilwimi sesi-Swahili okanye isiSwahili), isiKokongo nesiTshiluba.
I-50% yabemi ngamaRoma Katolika, ama-20% amaProtestanti, i-10% yi-Kimbanguist, i-10% yiMuslim, kunye ne-10% enye (iquka amacandelo e-syncretic kunye neenkolelo zendabuko).
I-DRC ngokuqhelekileyo iyonwabela imozulu yomshushu. Iyakwazi ukutshisa kakhulu kunye nomswakama kwimimandla yomlambo i-equatorial, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ipholile kwaye idume kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezisemzantsi.
Ipholile kwaye imanzi emaphandleni asempuma. Umntla we-Equator i-DRC ngexesha elimanzi liwela phakathi kuka-Ephreli ukuya ku-Okthobha, ngexesha elomileyo ngoDisemba ukuya kuFebhuwari. Umzantsi we-Equator, i-DRC yexesha elimanzi liqala ukusuka ngoNovemba ukuya kuMatshi, ngexesha lonyaka owomileyo ukususela ngo-Ephreli ukuya ku-Oktobha. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyelela i-DRC yilapho ummandla uxolo kwaye xa isimo sezulu somile. Imali yi-franc yaseCongo (CDF).
Iziqithi eziphambili ze-DRC
Ukulandelela i-Gorilla Intaba eVilunga kuncinci kuneRwanda kunye ne-Uganda. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwenene kufuneka uhlale usesikhathini ukuba ngabavukeli bafikelela kule ndawo. Khangela iwebhusayithi ehamba phambili yeendwendwe ze-Virunga Park ukwenzela iinkcukacha zangoku kwaye ufunde zonke ngeRangers kunye nento abayenzayo ukukhusela ama gorilla. I-Chimpanzee treks nayo inokwenzeka nakwi-Virunga.
I-Nyiragongo, enye yeentaba-mlilo ezintle kunye nentshonalanga, yi-stratovolcano enkulu. Olu hlobo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-cone cone, lona luphawu oluhle kakhulu lweentaba zeentaba-mlilo ezinemihlaba encinci emancinci ephakama ngokukhawuleza kwi-summit, ize idibanise ukubonisa ukutshaya. Uhambo luya kulungiswa ngokubhengeza kwisiza sesityeleli seVirunga. Kuyinto enkulu yokudibanisa neendlela zeentaba zeentaba.
Ukulandelela kwe-Gorland ye-Lowland, e-Kahuzi-Biega National Park - ukulandelela i-gorilla engavumelekileyo yasempumalanga yinto ekhangayo ngokuyinhloko kweli paki likazwelonke elihle.
Nceda ufunde iblogi yepaki ukuze uhlale uhambelana neemeko zangoku epakini ngaphambi kokucwangcisa uhambo lwakho. NgoNovemba ukuya kuDisemba ngethuba elihle lokubona ama gorilla asezantsi ahlala ehlala kumaqela entsapho ngeli xesha.
Ukugqithisa uMlambo waseCongo ngethuba elimangalisayo lenkcubeko, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo lufanelekile kulabo abanomoya wokuvalela.
Ukuya eDRC
I-Airport ye-DRC ye-International Airport: I- Airport ye -N'Djili e-Kinshasa isebenza ngama-airline ahlukahlukeneyo aquka ii-Air France, i-Brussels Airlines, i-Royal Air Maroc, i-South African Airways, i-Ethiopian Airlines kunye ne-Turkish Airlines.
Ukufika e-DRC: Iindwendwe ezininzi zehlabathi zifika kwi-airport ye-N'Djili (jonga ngasentla). Kodwa ukuwela umda wonxweme kuninzi. Ukuba unqwenela ukuya kwi-Gorilla ukulandelela umngcele phakathi kweRwanda ne-DRC ivulekile, kwaye i-Safari reps iya kuhlangana nawe kumda weposi.
Imida ephakathi kweZambia ne-Uganda nayo iyavulwa. Hlola kunye namagunya asekuhlaleni ngokumalunga nomda kunye neSudan, iTanzania kunye neCAR - njengoko ezi zivaliwe ngexesha elidlulileyo ngenxa yezopolitiko.
Ii-Embassies / IiVasta ze-DRC : Bonke abatyeleli abangena kwi-DRC baya kufuna i-visa. Hlola ne-ambassy yase-DRC yasekuhlaleni lakho, Ifomu inokukhishwa kwakhona apha.
Uqoqosho lwe-DRC
Uqoqosho lweDemocratic Republic of Congo - luhlanga olunikezwa ubutyebi bobutyebi bemvelo - luyaphinda luphucule emva kweminyaka emininzi yokunciphisa. Inkqubo yenkohlakalo ukususela ekuzimeleyo ngo-1960, ukudibanisa nokungazinzanga kwelizwe lonke kunye neengxabano ezaqala phakathi kwee-90 ziye zanciphisa ngokuphawulekayo umphumo wesizwe kunye neengeniso karhulumente kunye nokwanda kwetyala langaphandle. Ngokufakela urhulumente wenguqu ngonyaka ka-2003 emva kokuvumelana, uxolo luye lwaqala ukuphucula njengoko urhulumente wenguqulelo wavula ubudlelwane namaziko ngamazwe ngamazwe kunye nabanikeli bamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye uMongameli uKABILA waqalisa ukuphumeza ukulungiswa. Inkqubela phambili iye yaphuza ukufikelela ngaphakathi kwelizwe nangona utshintsho olucacileyo lubonakala eKinshasa naseLubumbashi. Isiseko somthetho esingaqinisekanga, urhwaphilizo kunye nokungabikho kokucaca kumgaqo-nkqubo welizwe ziinkxalaba zexesha elide kwicandelo lezombiwa kunye noqoqosho ngokubanzi.
Umsebenzi omninzi wezoqoqosho uqhubekayo kwicandelo elingacwangciswanga kwaye alubonakali kwiDDP. Umsebenzi ohlaziyiweyo kwicandelo lokumbiwa kweemigodi, umthombo weengeniso ezininzi zokungenisa imali, uye wandisa amandla aseKinshasa kunye nokukhula kweGDP kwiminyaka yamuva. Ukunciphisa umhlaba wonke kunciphisa ukukhula koqoqosho ngo-2009 ukuya ngaphantsi kwesigamu salo nyaka we-2008, kodwa ukukhula kwabuyela kuma-7% ngonyaka ngonyaka ka-2010-12. I-DRC isayine iNdawo yokuNciphisa iNtlupheko kunye neSibonelelo soKhula nge-IMF ngo-2009 kwaye ifumene iiligidi eziyi-12 ezigidigidi zee-billion kwizibonelelo zamatyala angamazwe ngamazwe kunye namazwe ngamazwe ngo-2010, kodwa i-IMF ekupheleni konyaka ka-2012 imisiwe iintlawulo ezintathu zokugqibela phantsi kwendawo yokubolekwa kwemali-mali zibiza iiligidi ezingama-240 ezigidi. iinkxalabo malunga nokungabikho kokusebenza ngokucacileyo kwimvumelwano yezimbiwa. Ngo-2012 i-DRC ihlaziywe imithetho yayo yeshishini ngokubambisana ne-OHADA, uMbutho woHlangano loMthetho wezoRhwebo e-Afrika. Izwe laphawula unyaka weshumi olandelelanayo wokwandiswa koqoqosho ngo-2012.
Imbali yezobupolitika
Eyasungulwa njengekoloni yaseBelgium ngo-1908, iRiphabliki yaseCongo yafumana ukuzimela kwayo ngo-1960, kodwa iminyaka yayo yokuqala yayingcoliswa yintlalo yezopolitiko nezentlalo. UColonel Joseph MOBUTU wambamba amandla kwaye wachaza ngokwakhe umongameli ngo-Novemba 1965. Emva koko waguqula igama lakhe - kuMobutu Sese Seko - kwakunye nelo lizwe-ukuya eZaire. UMobutu wagcina isikhundla sakhe iminyaka engama-32 ngokunyulwa kwamanyathelo amanyathelo omnyuli, kunye nokusebenza ngamandla. Ukungqubuzana kwamazwe kunye nemfazwe yombutho, eshukunyiswa yimpumelelo enkulu yababaleki ngo-1994 ukusuka ekulweni eRwanda naseBurundi, ikhokelela ngoMeyi 1997 ukuya kutshatyalaliswa kolawulo lweMOBUTU ngokuvukela kukaRwanda kunye ne-Uganda kunye noLaurent Kabila. Wabiza ilizwe iDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC), kodwa ngo-Agasti 1998 ubukhosi bakhe buye bunxamnye nokuvukela kwesibini kwaphinde kwaxhaswa yiRwanda ne-Uganda. Amagosa avela e-Angola, eThadi, eNamibia, eSudan naseZimbabwe angenelela ekuncedeni ulawulo lukaBabila. NgoJanuwari 2001, uKhabila wabulawa kwaye unyana wakhe, uJoseph Kabila, wabizwa ngokuba yiNtloko yelizwe.
Ngo-Oktobha 2002, umongameli omtsha waphumelela ekuxoxiseni ukuhoxiswa kwamandla aseRwanda asempuma ye-DRC; Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva koko, isivumelwano sePitoli sisayinwe ngamaqela onke asemfazweni ukuphelisa ukulwa nokuseka urhulumente wobumbano kazwelonke. Urhulumente wenguqu wamiswa ngoJulayi 2003; ibambe iqela eliphambili lomgaqo-siseko ngoDisemba 2005 kwaye unyulo lwe-ofisi kaMongameli, iPhalamende kaZwelonke kunye neeNdlu zowiso-mthetho zephondo zenzeke ngo-2006. Ngo-2009, emva kokuvuselelwa kwengxabano kwimpuma ye-DRC, urhulumente wasayina isivumelwano soxolo neNational Congress Ukhuselo lwabantu (CNDP), iqela elikhulu lamaTutsi elivukelayo. Inzame yokuhlanganisela amalungu e-CNDP kumkhosi waseCongo aphumelelanga, avuselela ukunyanzelwa kwawo ngo-2012 kunye nokwakhiwa kweqela le-M23 elixhobileyo-elibizwe emva kwe-23 Matshi 2009 izivumelwano zoxolo. Ingxabano evuselelekileyo ibangele ukufuduka kwamanani amaninzi abantu kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamalungelo abantu.
Ukususela ngoFebruwari 2013, iintetho zoxolo phakathi koorhulumente waseCongo kunye ne-M23 zaziqhubeka. Ukongeza, i-DRC iyaqhubeka nokufumana ubudlova obwenziwe ngamanye amaqela axhobileyo kuquka amaDemocratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda namaqela eMai Mai. Kulo lonyulo lukazwelonke lwakutshanje, olwenziwa ngoNovemba 2011, iziphumo eziphikisanayo zavumela uJoseph Kabila ukuba abuyiselwe kwi-ofisi kaMongameli.