Imyuziyam ye-Wellington Quarry, iSikhumbuzo se-WWI esimangalisayo
IQela leWellington neSikhumbuzo seMfazwe yaseArras
I-Quarry ye-Wellington e-Arras yinto ehamba phambili kunye nenye yezona ndawo zikhangelekile ukuqonda iingxaki kunye neentlanga zeMfazwe Yehlabathi I. Ngokuphawulekayo, liphakathi kwidolophu endala yaseArras , kwaye ibonisa iziganeko ezijikeleze iMfazwe yaseArras 1917.
Imvelaphi ye-Battle of Arras
Iimfazwe zaseVerdun ezibandakanya isiFrentshi kunye neSomme ezibandakanya iBritish kunye ne-Commonwealth ngo-1916 zaye zahlaselwa yientlekele.
Ngoko i-Allied High Command yagqiba isigqibo sokudala into embi kwi-Vimy-Arras ngaphambili enyakatho yeFransi. U-Arras wayeyiqhinga kwi-Allies kwaye ukususela ngo-1916 ukuya ku-1918, idolophu yayingaphantsi komyalelo waseBrithani, eyayiyingqayizivele kwimbali yeMfazwe Yehlabathi I. I-Arras yayiyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolu hlaselo olutsha oluthathu, kodwa kule nqanaba yemfazwe, uArasra kwakuyidolophu yokufa, iqhubeka ibhobhozwa yimikhosi yaseJamani, ukutshaya kunye nokubhubha, ijikelezwe zizixhobo zeMfazwe Yehlabathi I.
Isigqibo senziwe kwi-tunnel phantsi kwe- Arras phantsi kweekherite zelitshi ezaziqale zagqitywa iikhilomitha ngaphambi kokubonelela ngezinto zokwakha. Isicwangciso sasiyikwakha uchungechunge olukhulu lwamagumbi kunye neendinyana zokufihla imikhosi engama-24,000 kufuphi nemigca ephambili yaseJamani ekulungele ukuhlasela okutsha. I-Wellington Quarry Museum ixelela ibali lokukrakra, ubomi beedolophu kunye nemikhosi, kunye nokukhokela ekulweni kweArras ngo-Ephreli 9, 1917.
UkuTyelelwa kwekota kuNzulu ngaphantsi komhlaba
Ukutyelelwa kwemizuzu engama-75 kuqala ngokunyuka kwee-quarry. I-panorama ka-Arras njengoko itshisa ibeka iiplani ezihlanganyelweyo ngokufanelekileyo. Emva koko, emva kwesikhokelo sesiNgesi esikunika ulwazi oluthe xaxa, kwaye uhlasele i-audioguide ephendulela ngokuzenzekelayo njengoko uhamba kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo, uhokelwa ngeendatshana ezide ezijikelezayo kunye neendawo zokukhusela ezinkulu.
Iifilimu ezindala kunye namazwi amade akhohliweyo abonakaliswe kwikhefu kwii-tunnels kwiikrini ezincinci ezidlulayo ebumnyameni. Kuvakalelwa ngathi amajoni ekhona apho nawe. "Umntu ngamnye wayenemfazwe yakhe", ijoni lithi xa uqala ukuqonda ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, ukwesaba kwabo kunye nezobuhlungu zabo.
Ukudala iiTunnels
Umsebenzi wokuqala wawukukhupha izikhala ezinkulu zokudala iinqampu zangaphantsi zangaphantsi. Amagosa angama-500 aseNew Zealand, amaninzi aseMoriya, abancediswa ngabasebe baseYorkshire (ababizwa ngokuba yiBantams ngenxa yobude bawo), bemba ngamamitha angama-80 ngosuku ukuze bakhe i-labyrinths edibeneyo. Iingqungquthela zanika amacandelo ahlukeneyo amagama ezixeko zabo zasekhaya. Kwaba baseNew Zealand bahlala eWellington, eNelson naseBlenheim; kwiBritani, eLondon, eLiverpool naseManchester. Umsebenzi uthatha ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu kwaye ekugqibeleni ama-25 kms (15.5 miles) ahlala kumajoni angama-24,000 aseBritani kunye ne-Commonwealth.
Oko ubona nokuva
Uyadlula ngeenqwelo zokuthunga iitini, igraffiti yamagama, imidwebo yabathandekayo ekhaya nasemithandazweni, kwaye uva amazwi. "UBjourjour Tommy" uthi umFrentshi unxamnye nomfanekiso wabantu kunye namajoni athetha ngezitrato. "Ababazithiyile amaJamani. Abahlambalazi amabanjwa kwaye banakekele ukulimala ", kwakungumxholo ongathandabuzekiyo we-journalists waseFransi.
Uva iileta ezibhalwe ekhaya, kunye neengoma ezivela kwiimbongi ezinkulu zempi ezifana noWilfred Owen olahlekelwa ngumphefumlo wakhe ngaphambi kokuba isayinwe isayinwe, kwaye nguSiegfried Sassoon obhala i -General .
"Mholo ngalentsasa. Ngentsasa ekuseni "uNdikhoyo uthe
Xa sadibana naye ngesonto evelayo endleleni yethu eya kumgca.
Ngoku amajoni awayemomothekayo amaninzi efile,
Kwaye siyaqalekisa abasebenzi bakhe ngeengulube ezingenakulungele. "
Isitelesi, isikhululo samandla, umzila wezitrotho, igumbi lokunxibelelana, isibhedlele kunye nomthombo wonk Ukuhamba ngaphaya kwama-20 amaphulo anomdla kukubonisa ngendlela enamandla kakhulu kubomi bamajoni angaphantsi komhlaba, ukuhlambalaza kwabo okanye ukudibanisa kwabo.
Imfazwe yaseArras
Emva koko ufika kwiindwendwe ezihamba phambili ezikhokelela ekukhanyeni, kwaye amaninzi kumajoni aselula ("omncinci" njengowomnye ongumFrentshi athi), kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwabo.
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambili, iinqwelo zokulwa ziye zaqhuma kumigca yaseJamani. Kwakuyi-5am, ikhephu kunye nokushisa okubulalayo ngo-Apreli 9, ngoMsombuluko wePasika, xa umyalelo wanikezelwa ukuba uphume kwiikheji.
Ifilimu yeMfazwe
Ibali liyaqhubeka liphezulu nangomfanekiso we-Battle. Ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kwaphumelela kakhulu. IVimy Ridge yathinjwa yiJenan General Byan waseCanada Corps, kwaye idolophini yaseMonchy-le-Preux yathathwa. Kodwa iintsuku ezimbini ii-Allied troops, ngokulandelwa kwimiyalelo evela phezulu, zigcinwe. Ngaloo xesha amaJamani, awayebuyiselwe ngaphambili, adala intsha ephambili yezemfazwe, avelisa ukuqiniswa kwaye aqala ukubuyisela iikhilomitha ezimbalwa ii-Allies ezazifumana. Kwiinyanga ezimbini, imikhosi yalwa; Amadoda angama-4 000 alahlekelwa ubomi bawo imihla ngemihla.
Ulwazi olusebenzayo
IQearry Quarry, Battle of Arras iSikhumbuzo
Rue Deletoille
Arras
Inombolo: 00 33 (0) 3 21 51 26 95
Iwebhusayithi (ngesiNgesi)
Umyinge omdala 6.90 i-euro, umntwana ongaphantsi kwe-18 iminyaka eyi-3.20 yeeyure
Vula imihla ngemihla ngo-10: 00: 30: 30: 30,
Kuvaliwe ngoJan 1, uJan 4-29, 2016, umhla wama-25 we-25, 2016
Izikhokelo: I-Quarry yaseWellington iphakathi kweArras.
Ukutyelela ezinye iiWebhu zeMfazwe Yehlabathi I-North France