01 ngo 07
Akunjalo nje ngamaAztec kunye namaMaya
I-Mexico ikhupha / i-Getty Izithombe Impucuko eyenziwa kwiMexico yasekuqaleni kwindawo ebizwa ngokuthi " iMesoamerica ," yayineenkcubeko ezininzi eziqhelekileyo. Babelana ngeendlela ezifanayo zokubhala, ikhalenda, umdlalo webhola odlalwa ngebhola yerabha, isithethe sokwakha amatempile "kwiipiramidi" okanye iiplanidi, kunye nezolimo (ukulima ikakhulu ingqolowa, ubhontshisi kunye nekotishi). Nangona kunjalo, bahluke kwezinye iindawo.
Ukuba uza kutyelela indawo ye-archeological eMexico, kufuneka uwazi umahluko phakathi kwezi mpucuko ukuze ukwazi ukuphepha ukungafani nokuthi u-Teotihuacan i-Aztec okanye i-Maya site. Le primer izokunika ukujonga ngokukhawuleza kwemiphakathi eyahlukeneyo ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo nganye.
02 we-07
Olmec Impucuko
Arturo Peaa Romano Medina / Getty Izithombe Ama-Olmec ahlala kwiGulf Coast yaseMexico, kwingingqi ngoku i-Tabasco naseVeracruz . Eli qela ngamanye amaxesha libizwa ngokuba "yinkcubeko yomama" yaseMesoamerica kuba bekuyiqela lokuqala lokuhlakulela iimpawu ezithile zenkcubeko ezamkelweyo kwaye zaphuhliswa ngamanye amaqela. Ama-Olmec ayaziwa ngamatye amakhulu amakhulu amatye afumaneke kuloo ndawo mhlawumbi abamele abalawuli.
Ezinye iindawo zase-Olmec zezinto zakudala ezifanele ukutyelela:
- La Venta
- Tres Zapotes
- San Lorenzo
03 we-07
Zapotec Impucuko
© Suzanne Barbezat AmaZapotecs e-Oaxaca ayejongene nokwakhiwa kweziko lokuqala laseMesoamerica, iMonam Alban , malunga ne-500 BC. Isiza sisekuhlaleni kwentaba ephakathi kwintlambo yaseOaxaca. AmaZapotec aye neenkundla zebhola, izakhiwo zokubonwa kweenkwenkwezi kunye nenkqubo yokubhala engakagcini.
Ukutyelela ezi ndawo zeZapotec e-Oaxaca:
- Monte Alban
- Mitla
- Yagul
04 we-07
Intuthuko yeTeotihuacan
Getty Images / infinitahighway.com.br I-Teotihuacan ifumaneke malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-40 ukusuka eMexico City . I-Pyramid ye-Sun kunye nePhiramidi yeNyanga ziyimingeni eyaziwayo ukuba abavakhenkethi bayenyuka. Ininzi engaziwa malunga nesi sixeko kunye nabemi bayo, kubandakanywa imvelaphi yabo yobuhlanga, kungenxa yoko kuthiwa kuthiwa "iTeotihuacanos." Nangona kunjalo le ngenye yeendawo ezinkulu ezisemadolophini kwihlabathi xa kwakukuphakamileyo kwayo, kwaye impembelelo yayo yafika kuwo wonke iMesoamerica.
05 we-07
IMaya Impucuko
© Suzanne Barbezat Ummandla wamaMaya uhlanganisa i-Campeche, iChiapas, iTabasco, i-Yucatan ne-Quintana Roo, kwaye ilula ukuya kwi-Central America. AmaMaya ayaziwa ngokubaluleka kweemathematika kunye nekhalenda, kwakunye nolwazi lwabo lweenkwenkwezi. Kukho ininzi yamanxuwa aseMeya ukufumana. Fumana iziza zeMeya zePeninsula yaseYucatan .
Iziza zeMaya ukutyelela:
- Chichen Itza
- Tulum
- Palenque
06 we-07
Intuthuko yeToltec
Filippo Manares / Getty Izithombe Emva kokuwa kweTeotihuacan (malunga ne-700 AD), iiToltec zafumana ukulawula kweMexico yaseMexico. Isixeko sabo esikhulu sasiyiTula, ngasentla kweMexico City eHidalgo. Imizobo ye "atlantes," okanye amaqhawe kweso siza bubungqina benkcubeko efana neenkcubeko zeToltecs. Ngokomlando, kwakukho ukungquzulwano phakathi kwabalandeli benkulunkulu uTezcatlipoca kunye nabo boothixo uQeetzalcoatl. Oku kwabangela ukuhlukana okwagqibeleni kwaholela ekuwa kwempucuko yeToltec.
07 we-07
I-Aztec Impucuko
De Agostini / Archivio J. Lange / Getty Izithombe Ama-Aztec, awaziwa nangokuthi iMexica ("meh-shee-kah"), mhlawumbi iyaziwa kakhulu kwiinkcubeko zasendulo zaseMexico. Babusa iMesoamerica ngexesha lokufika kwabaseSpain ekuqaleni kwee-1500s, kodwa babekho nje njengempucuko kwiminyaka engama-200. Ama-Aztec ayengumkhosi wamandla osebenza kakuhle owafika ngamandla ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Benza umhlatshelo wabantu ngezinga elikhulu. Inkunzi yaseAztec, iTenochtitlan, ingcwatywe ngempumelelo phantsi kwezakhiwo zaseMexico City , nangona kunjalo, itempile ephezulu, iMeya yeTempile (iTempileni enkulu) ichongiwe kwaye ifanelekile ukutyelela.