Ukususela kumaFeni ukuya kwiNgcaciso - Uphando olufutshane
Ukuchaza "i-Republican Army Army", okanye kwi-IRA emfutshane, ayilula lula njengoko kubonakala ngathi - kwingcamango yoluntu kunye neentengiso ezizimela, ezininzi iinkampani kunye nemibutho eyahlukileyo idibaniswe phantsi kweli xesha elifanelekileyo eligugu. Oko kudla ukudaka amanzi ukuze ungapheli. Yaye isiphelo asikho emehlweni, njengoko "iRA flavour of the month" amaqela athambileyo avela ngokuqhekeza ngokukrakra, ebanga enye, isihloko sonyani semisebenzi yaso.
Nantsi i-short-down of organizations ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Irish Republican Army", okanye ngaphandle kweziqinisekiso ezongezelelweyo:
I-Republican Army Army - 1866 ukuya ku-1870
Emva nje kweMfazwe phakathi kwe-States, kwiminyaka phakathi ko-1866 no-1870, uMzalwana woBukumkani baseFenian wase-United States wakhuthazwa waza wenza "iFenian Raids". Ezi ekugqibeleni zazingaphumeleli kwiintonga zamabutho aseBrithani kunye nezithuba zamasiko eCanada, zaqala ngethemba lokunyanzela iBrithani ukuba ihoxise e-Ireland. Ukuxhatshazwa okwenziweyo kwenziwa nge-tag-assortment ye-Fenians, abanye babonakala bembethe iifomu eziluhlaza (kunye nenye efana neyifomu efanayo nombutho weManyano) - amaqhosha awakubonisa ukuba "IRA" yeArmed Republican Army. Kwakhona iiflegi kunye nelo moniker zibonakala ziqhutywe (okanye ubuncinane zenziwe).
I-Republican Army Army - 1916 ukuya kuma-1920
I-moniker "i-Irish Republican Army" (okanye ubuncinane iinguqulelo zempembelelo efanayo) yaqalisa ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokuPhakamisa i-Easter ka-1916, xa imikhosi esebenziseneyo yamaVolontiya ase-Ireland kunye ne-Irish Citizen Army yazama ukuphanga i-British rule yase-Ireland.
Emva kokutshatyalaliswa, ama-rebell of the rebel forces aphinde ahlaziywa kwaye ukususela ngo-1918 bazibiza rhoqo ngokuba yi-Irish Republican Army-imikhosi e-Ireland njengesizwe esivelayo. Ukususela ngowe-1919 ukuya ku-1921 le mputho yaseRashiya yaseRashiya yalwa nemikhosi yaseBrithani kwimfazwe yama-guerilla, iMfazwe yase-Anglo-Irish okanye iMfazwe yase-Ireland yokuzimela.
Xa le nto iphelile kunye noMnqophiso , iinxalenye zeArmed Republican Army zaba yinto ehlaseleyo ye-Free State, ngelixa abo bengavumelani nokuhlukaniswa kwakha i-anti-Treaty yaseRain Republican Army ... elwa nolawulo lwe-Free State. Nangona emva kokutshatyalaliswa, abaninzi kwi-Army Republican Army bathi bona, kwaye kungekhona u-Dail Eireann, abamele urhulumente wenene wase-Ireland.
I-Republican Army Army - I-Post-Civil War kuze kube ngama-1960
I-Republic Republican Army yaqhubeka iphila phantsi komhlaba emva kokutshatyalaliswa kweMfazwe Yase-Ireland kwaye yayisilungelelanisa ukuvukela umbutho. Ukuhlaselwa ngeziganeko, ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kunye nokudubula kwenzeke, kokubili e-Ireland nakwamanye amazwe. Ngethuba beqhubeka nokufaka ibango ngokusemthethweni nje ngokuba "urhulumente wenyaniso" kunye nomlandeli weRiphabhliki yaseIreland njengoko kwavakaliswa ngowe-1916, i-Irish Republican Army ngokwenene yaba yi-potch-ideas of ideas, ideology and idealists. Ukutshintsha iikholeji ngoku kunye nokuvalela kwiintetho zamaKomanisi ukusebenzisana neJamani eJamani (zonke zixhaswa ngethuba lokuqala "ngazo naziphi na iindlela eziyimfuneko" imfundiso ekwahlula zonke iintshaba zaseBritani njengentsebenziswano enokwenzeka). "Umkhankaso weBorder" ngexesha lama-1950 kunye nakwiminyaka yokuqala ye-1960 yinto yokugqibela yokubandakanywa kwempi yale ncwadana ye-Irish Republican Army.
1960s Split - IRA esemthethweni kunye ne-IRA eqhubekayo
Ngama-1960, ubukhokheli be-Army Republican Army bethandana (kwakhona) ngeengcamango zobuKhomanisi kunye nezobuNtu, ukuchithwa imfundiso yokuncedisa uhlangothi lweSizwe kwaye esikhundleni sokuba ukhethe i-proletarian revolution. Okwahluleka ukwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, ngokukodwa ngenxa yemacandelo e-Northern Ireland. Ngowe-1969, amaqhekeza ahlula.
I- Armed Official Republican Army yaqhubeka isilwa nemikhosi yaseBrithani kwaze kwaba ngo-1972 ize ivakalise ukupheliswa komlilo. Ukususela ngoku uye wenziwa ngokubhaliweyo kwiinkcazo zezopolitiko ezibanzi, ukunyaniseka kwangaphakathi kunye namanye amaRiphabhlikhi kunye nokubandakanyeka kokubandakanyeka kolwaphulaphulo-mthetho. Kuphela ngo-2010 bekukhutshaziwe.
I- Republican Army , eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-PIRA okanye "i-Provos", yenzeke izihlaselo ezixhobileyo kwiminyaka ezayo kwaye yakha isiseko sezopolitiko esineSinn Fein.
Nangona ngokubambisana kakhulu ukulwa nemikhosi yaseBrithani, i-PIRA nayo ibandakanyeka "kwimisebenzi yecala" engabonwa njengokubandakanyeka kolwaphulo-mthetho olulungelelanisiweyo kunye nokuqapha. Ngenxa yokunyuka kweengxowa-mali zezopolitiko zaseSinn Fein, i-PIRA yaba yimbopheleleko kwaye yaqiniseka ukuba iyavuma ukuphela komlilo ngo-1997, ekhokelela kwisiVumelwano esiLwesihlanu esihle. NgoJulayi 2005 iRiphablikhi yaseRiphablikhi yaseRiphabliki yamemezela ukuphela komkhankaso wayo wempi kwaye yaqeda zonke iingalo.
Elinye iqela elincinci lalingumkhosi weSizwe woKhusela i-Irish National.
Abaphikisanayo - I-CIRA ne-RIRA
Ngomkhosi weeRiphabhlikhi waseRiphablikhi waseJapan kunye noNgeniso oPhezulu wokuvota ngokukhawuleza ujikeleze ibhola, ukuba (apho kulindelwe) ididekile kwaye yaqala ukuhlukana "kwinqanaba elidala". Kwakhiwa amaqela amaninzi - kaninzi akucaci ukuba ngaba zizinto ezihlukeneyo, apho kukho ukugqithiswa kunye nokuba yintoni injongo yangempela yeqela ... ngaphandle kwefom yexesha elide lichazwe ngokungekho kakubi "kwi-Free Ireland".
Amaqela amabini aphikisanayo athiwa igama elithi Irish Republican Army kwaye ngokufanelekileyo:
- I- Republican Army Army (i-IRA okanye i-CIRA) yokuqhubekayo (i-IRA okanye i-CIRA) iqhutywe njengeqela elincinci le-IRA ye-Provisional ngo-1986, kodwa ayizange isebenze ngokunyanisekileyo kwaze kwaba yilapho i-PIRA iqeda umlilo ngo-1994. I-CIRA isaqhubeka ixhobile kwaye iyasebenza, amandla ayo kunye neenqaba ngaziwa. Ngomoya wokwenene weRiphabliki, i-CIRA yakha amaqela amancinci athile achaza ukuba nguye, i-IRA yangempela.
- I- Real Republic ye-Republican Army (I-Real IRA okanye i-RIRA) yenye yeqela elincinci eliye laphuka kwi-IRA yexesha eliqhelekileyo, ngeli xesha ngo-1997 emva kokumemezela kokuphela komlilo. I-RIRA iyona nto inkulu kwaye isebenza kakhulu kwiincutshana ezichasayo. Yayijongene nokubulawa kwabantu e-Omagh ngo-1998.