I-Metropolitan Cathedral ayinakungabazeki ukuba enye yezakhiwo ezibalulekileyo kwiziko lembali laseMexico City . Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwezenkolo, iqulethe isishwankathelo samahlanu eemveliso zobugcisa baseMexico kunye nobugcisa. Eyakhelwe kwiintshona zethempelithi yaseAztec kwiyiphi indawo eyayiyinhloko yaseTenochtitlan, amaSpanish aseKoloni akha icawa enkulu kunazo zonke kuzo zonke iiMelika.
Ubukhulu bayo obukhulu, iimbali zayo ezinomdla kunye nobugcisa bakhe obuhle kunye nezokwakha izakhiwo zenza le yezinye izakhiwo ezivelele kweli lizwe.
I-cathedral iyisihlalo seArchdiocese yaseMexico kwaye siphezulu kwinqanaba le-Zocalo, kwisikwele esiphezulu saseMexico, ngaphandle kwesiza se-Archaeological site , esiza kukunika ingcamango yokuba le ndawo yayifani ngaphambi kokufika BaseSpeyin kwii-1500s.
Imbali yeMetropolitan Cathedral
Xa amaSpeyin aqhankanya idolophu yaseTenochtitlan engaphambi kweSpanishi yaseAlexitec kwaye yagqiba isigqibo sokwakha isixeko esitsha kuwo, enye yezinto eziphambili kuqala kwakhiwa kwecawa. Uqaphele oku, umnquli uHernán Cortes wayala ukwakhiwa kwecawa waza wanikela uMartin de Sepulveda umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwiitempile zetempile zaseAztec. Phakathi kowe-1524 no-1532, uSepulveda wakha isonto elincinane elisentshonalanga-ntshonalanga elijongene necawa kwisitala samaMoor.
Kwiminyaka emveni kamva, uCarlos V wamisela ukuba ibe yindwendwe, kodwa kwakungenelisekanga kwinani labakhulekeli kwaye libonakala lithobekile ukukhonza njengekontrali yenkulu yeNew Spain. Ulwakhiwo olutsha lwaqala phantsi kolawulo lukaClaudio de Arciniega, owayephefumlelwe kwi-cathedral yaseSeville.
Iziseko zecawa entsha zafakwa ngexesha le-1570s, kodwa abakhi bahlangabezana nemingeni eyahlukeneyo eyanciphisa isigqibo seprojekthi. Ngenxa yesondlo esincinci kwakunqunywe ukuba ukusebenzisa i-limestone kunokubangela ukuba isakhiwo sitshise ngakumbi, ngoko batshintshela kwidwala le-volcanic elalikhuselekanga kunye nokukhanya okukhulu. Isikhukula esibi kakhulu ngo-1629 sabangela ukulibaziseka iminyaka emininzi. Ulwakhiwo oluphambili lugqitywa ngowe-1667 kodwa i-Sacristy, iindonga zebell kunye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwongezwa kamva.
I-Sagrario Metropolitano, ecaleni lasempuma yecandelo eliyinhloko lekontrare, lakhiwa nge-18th Century. Yayilungiselelwe ekuqaleni ukwenza indlu yokugcina impahla kunye neengubo ze-archbishop, kodwa ngoku isebenza njengecawa eliphambili lecawa. Ukhuseleko olungaphezulu kwendawo yokungena kunye nesimboli-mirror-portal kwicala lasempumalanga ziyimimiselo emihle yendlela yokuchukumisa ama- Churrigueresque .
Ukwakhiwa Kwezakhiwo
Isakhiwo esiphezulu sinamamitha angaphezu kwama-350 ubude kwaye ububanzi bungama-200; iindonga zayo zeentsimbi zifikelela ubude beenyawo ezingama-215. Iindonga ezimbini zeentsimbi ziqulethe ezili-25 zeentsimbi. Uza kuqaphela ukudibanisa kwezitayela ezahlukeneyo kwizakhiwo kunye nokuzihombisa, kubandakanywa i-Renaissance, Baroque, ne-Neoclassic.
Isiphumo esipheleleyo sihamba ngokuthe ngandlela-thile.
Isicwangciso somgangatho wekontrali sisimo somnqamlezo lwesiLatini. Ibandla lijongene nenyakatho-ngasentla kunye neqhosha eliphambili kwicala lasezantsi lezakhiwo, kunye neengcango ezintathu kunye ne-atrium enezibindi. I-facade esemqoka ine-relief relief showing the Assumption of Virgin Mary, okunikezelwa kuye kwi-cathedral.
Ingaphakathi iqukethe ama-nave amahlanu kunye nama-chapel angu-14, i-sacristy, indlu yesahluko, i-choir kunye ne-crypts. Kukho izibingelelo ezintlanu okanye i- retablos : iAtar of Forgiveness, iAtartar yeeKumkani, isibingelelo esikhulu, iStartar of Jesus Resurrected, kunye ne-Altar yeNtombikazi yaseZapopan. Inkundla yaseCathhedral yenziwe ngokugqithiseleyo kwisitala saseBaroque, kunye nezitho ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kunye neempahla ezivela kwii-coloni zase-Asia zase-Asia. Umzekelo, isango elijikeleze i-choir livela kuMacao.
I-Crypt yama-Archbishopu iphantsi kwe-Altar yeeKumkani. Ngelishwa, ngokubanzi ivaliwe kwiindwendwe, kodwa kuyaphawuleka ukuba bonke ababengumArchbishopu waseMexico bangcwatywa khona.
Kufuneka-Bona Umsebenzi
Eminye yemidwebo enhle kunazo zonke kwi-cathedral ibandakanya i-Assumption ye-Virgin evezwe nguJuan Correa ngo-1689-kunye noMfazi we-Apocalypse, umfanekiso we-1685 nguCristobal de Villalpando. I-Altar yeeKumkani, ekhishwe nguJerónimo de Balbás ngo-1718, iphinda ibalase kwaye iqulethwe nguJuan Rodriguez Juarez.
Isikhumbuzo seNkcazo
Umgangatho wecala lokungalinganiyo wecala eliqhelekileyo liyisiphumo sesakhiwo esiya emhlabathini. Umphumo awukhawulelwanga kwi-kedarethi: isixeko sonke sitshona kwisilinganiso esiqhelekileyo malunga neenyawo ezintathu ngonyaka. I-cathedral ibona imeko ecelomngeni, kuba igosa ingalingani, ekugqibeleni ingasongela ukusinda kwesakhiwo. Imizamo eyahlukeneyo eyenziwe ukuze ikhusele isakhiwo, kodwa ekubeni ukwakhiwa kunzima kwaye kwakhiwe kwiziseko ezingalinganiyo, kwaye isiqhelo salo sixeko sibheke ngobumba obunqabileyo (okokuqala bekusebhedeni lolwandle), ukuthintela ukuba isakhiwo singanakunzima ngokupheleleyo akunakwenzeka, ngoko iinzame zangaphakathi kusihlwa ngaphandle kwesiseko ukwenzela ukuba icawa idibanise ngokufanayo.
Ukutyelela kwiCathhedral
I-Metropolitan Cathedral ifumaneka kwicala lasentla laseMexico City Zócalo, ekuphumeni kwesikhululo semitha saseZócalo kumgca ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Iiyure: Vula ukususela ngo-8 ekuseni ukuya kwi-8 ntambama imihla ngemihla.
Ukwamkelwa: Akukho mrhumo wokungena kwi-cathedral. Umnikelo ucelwa ukuba ufake i-choir okanye i-sacristy.
Iifoto: Imifanekiso ivumelekile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-flash. Nceda uqaphele ukuphazamisa iinkonzo zonqulo.
Ukutyelela i-Bell Towers: Unokuthenga ithikithi yeendleko ezincinci ukunyuka izitebhisi ukuya kwiindonga zebell njengenxalenye yotyelelo olunikezwa ngamaxesha amaninzi imihla ngemihla. Kukho isalathisi ngaphakathi kwetempile kunye nolwazi kunye namatikiti. Uhambo lunikezwa kuphela ngesiSpeyin, kodwa umbono wedwa ufanelekile (ukuba ungazikhuseli ngamanyathelo kwaye ungesabi izinto eziphakamileyo). Ukuzamazama komhlaba ekupheleni kwe-2017 kubangele umonakalo kwiindonga zeentsimbi, ngoko ukutyelela kwintlanzi kunokumiswa okwesikhashana.