Ngokuqhelekileyo becinga njengendoda engumnqamlezo waseNyakatho Afrika, iYiputa iyindawo ekuthandwayo kuyo iimbali zembali, abathandi bemvelo kunye nabafunayo. Likhaya kwezinye zezinto ezibonakalayo zehlabathi, kuquka i-Great Pyramid e-Giza, ilungu eliphela kuphela leMveli yeZizwe ezisixhenxe. Ngezantsi, sibhala ezinye zeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo ukucwangcisa uhambo oluya kweli lizwe elikhethekileyo.
Inkunzi:
Cairo
Imali:
Pound yaseYiputa (EGP)
Urhulumente:
IYiputa yiRiphabliki yePhondo. Umongameli wangoku ngu-Abdel Fattah el-Sisi.
Indawo:
IYiputa ihlala ekhoneni eliphezulu laseNyakatho Afrika . Iphelelwe nguMda waseMeditera ukuya ngasentla, iLibya ngasentshonalanga, kunye neSudan ukuya ngasentla. Empuma, ilizwe lidalela i-Israel, iSaza Strip kunye noLwandle Olubomvu.
Imida yeMhlaba:
IYiputa inemida emine yomhlaba, i-kilometer ezili-1,624 / iikhilomitha ezingama-2,612:
I-Gaza Strip: iilii ezili-8 / iikhilomitha eziyi-13
Si rayeli: 130 iekhilomitha / iikhilomitha ezili-208
Libya: 693 iekhilomitha / 1,115 ikhilomitha
ISudan: iikhilomitha ezingama-793 / iikhilomitha ezili-1,276
Geography:
IYiputa inomhlaba wonke wee-618,544 iekhilomitha / 995,450 iikhilomitha, okwenza ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezisibhozo ubukhulu be-Ohio, kwaye ngaphezu kwamaxesha amathathu ubukhulu beNew Mexico. Ilizwe elitshisayo, elomileyo, kunye nemozulu yenkangala ebomileyo ephumela ekutshiseni ukushisa kunye nokushisa okuqhelekileyo. Iyona ndawo ephantsi kweYiputa yinkxalabo ye-Qattara, isinkhole esinamanzi angama -436 / -133 amitha, ngelixa iphakamileyo eliphezulu liyi-8,625 iinyawo / i-2,629 yamitha kwiintlanganiso zeMount Catherine.
Kwintshona-ntshona yeli lizwe i-Peninsula yaseSinayi, inqwelomoya yentlango esithatha isahlulo phakathi kweNyakatho Afrika kunye ne-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia. IYiputa nayo ilawula i-Canal Canal, eyenza ukudibanisa ulwandle phakathi kweLwandle lweMedithera noLwandle oluBomvu, okuvumela ukuhamba ukuya kwi-Ocean Ocean.
Ubukhulu baseYiputa, indawo eqhelekileyo kunye nokusondela kwaSirayeli kunye neGaza Strip yabeka isizwe phambi kwe-geopolitics yaseMpuma Mpuma.
Abemi:
Ngokomlinganiselo we-Julayi 2015 yi-CIA World Factbook, inani labantu baseYiputa liyi-86,487,396, kunye nenani lokukhula elilinganiselwa ku-1.79%. Ubomi bebonke bebonke abantu bangama-73 ubudala, ngoxa abaseYiputa abesifazana bazala abantwana abaphakathi kwama-2.95 ngexesha lokuphila kwabo. Inani labantu lihluke ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini, ngelixa iminyaka engama-25 ukuya kuma-54 ibininzi yobudala beminyaka yobudala, ibe ngu-38.45% yabantu bonke.
Iilwimi:
Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni lwaseYiputa yi-Standard Standard Arabic. Iinguqu ezahlukeneyo kuquka i-Arabhu yaseYiputa, iBedouin isiArabhu kunye neSaidi isiArabhu zithetha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe, ngelixa isiNgesi nesiFrentshi zithethwa ngokubanzi kwaye ziqondwa ziiklasi ezifundisiweyo.
Amaqela:
Ngokombolo yoluntu luka-2006, amaYiputa enza i-99.6% yabemi belizwe, kunye ne-0.4% esele iquka amaYurophu angaphandle kunye nabafuna ukukhuphela ePilestine naseSudan.
Inkolo:
I-Islam iyona inkolo enkulu eYiputa, kunye namaSulumane (ngokukodwa amaSunni) athatha i-90% yabemi. Ama-10% asele aquka iindidi zamaqela amaKristu, kuquka iCoptic Orthodox, i-Armenian Apostolic, yamaKatolika, iMaronite, i-Orthodox ne-Anglican.
Umxholo weMbali yaseYiputa:
Ubu bungqina bokuhlala kwabantu eYiputa bubuyela kwi-Millennium BC. IYiputa yamandulo yaba umbuso onobumbano malunga ne-3,150 BC kwaye yalawulwa ngoluhlu lweentlobo ezilandelanayo malunga neminyaka engama-3 000. Eli xesha leemipiramidi kunye neefraohs lichazwe yinkcubeko yalo ephawulekayo, enentuthuko enkulu kwiinkalo zonqulo, ubugcisa, ubugcisa kunye nolwimi. Ubutyebi bezithethe zaseYiputa buxhaswe ngobutyebi obungenakulinganiswa, obusekelwe kwezolimo nakwizentengiselwano eziqhutywe yi-Nile Valley.
Ukususela ngo-669 BC ukuya phambili, iiDynasties zoBukumkani obudala kunye neNtshontsho zaphazamiseka phantsi kokuhlaselwa kwamanye amazwe. IYiputa yahlulwa yiMesopotamiya, amaPersi, kwaye ngo-332 BC, nguAlexandro Omkhulu waseMakedoni. Ilizwe lahlala liyingxenye yobukhosi baseMacedonia kude kube ngo-31 BC, xa yafika phantsi kolawulo lwaseRoma.
Ngomnyaka we-4 we-AD, ukusasazeka kobuKristu kulo lonke ubukumkani baseRoma kwakukhokelela ekutshintsheni inkolo yendabuko yaseYiputa - kwada kwaze kwaba yilapho ama-Arabhu ama-Arabhu ahlasela ilizwe ngo-642 AD.
Abalawuli baseArabhu baqhubeka belawula iYiputa kude kube yilapho ingena kwi-Ottoman Empire ngo-1517. Kwakulandela ixesha lokunqongophala kwezoqoqosho, isibetho kunye nendlala, okwakuboniswa indlela yeengxabano zelizwe eli-ezintathu-kuquka ukuphumelela okufutshane ukuhlasela kwe-Napoleonic France. UNapoleon waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye iYiputa yiBrithani kunye namaTurkey ase-Ottoman, adala umbane owavumela i-Ottoman uAlboman Albanian ukuba imise uMaham Ali Pasha ukumisela ubukhosi eYiputa eya kwada kwada ngo-1952.
Ngowe-1869, i-Canal Canal yagqitywa emva kweminyaka elishumi yokwakha. Le projekthi yaphantse ichithwe iYiputa, kwaye ubukhulu beetyala ezifunekayo kumazwe aseYurophu kwavula umnyango wokuthatha iBrithani ngo-1882. Ngo-1914, iYiputa yasungulwa njenge-British protorate. Kwiminyaka eyisibhozo kamva, ilizwe laphinde lafumana ukuzimela phantsi kweKumkani Fuad I; nangona kunjalo, ingxabano yezopolitiko kunye nenkolo eMiddle East ekuvukeni kweMfazwe yeBili yeMfazwe yaholela ekuhlaselweni kwempi ngo-1952, kwaye emva kokumiselwa kweRiphabliki yaseYiputa.
Ukususela ekuhlambulukeni, iYiputa iye yafumana ixesha loxinzelelo lwezomnotho, lwenkolo nolwepolitiko. Lo mgca wenkcazo obanzi unikeza ingcaciso ecacileyo kwi-history ye-Egypt eyingozi, ngeli xesha le ndawo inikezela ngolu hlobo lwemeko yezoqoqosho ngoku.
QAPHELA: Ngexesha lokubhala, iinxalenye zaseYiputa zibhekwa njengezingqinanga kwezopolitiko. Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uhlolisise izilumkiso zokuhamba ngaphambi kokuba ulungiselele i-adventure yakho yaseYiputa.