Kumazwekazi anamazwe angama-54 ahlukeneyo , iAfrika ineelwimi ezininzi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kuthethwa apha phakathi kweelwimi eziyi-1,500 neye-2 000 apha, baninzi kunye neentlobo zabo ezihlukeneyo. Ukwenza izinto zidideke ngakumbi, kumazwe amaninzi ulwimi olusemthethweni alufani nolwimi lwesi-franca - oko kuthetha ulwimi oluthethwa ngabaninzi balo abemi.
Ukuba uceba uhambo oluya e-Afrika , yinto efanelekileyo ukucinga uphando ngolwimi olusemthethweni kunye neelwimi yesizwe okanye ummandla oya kuwo.
Ngale ndlela, unokuzama ukufunda amagama ambalwa okanye amagama ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Oku kunokuba nzima - ingakumbi xa ulwimi lungabhalwa ngefowuni (njenge-Afrikansi), okanye luquka ikhonkco zokucofa (njengesiXhosa) kodwa ukwenza umgudu uya kuxabiswa kakhulu ngabantu odibana nabo kwiindlela zakho zokuhamba.
Ukuba uhamba kwikoloni yangaphambili (njengeMozambique, iNamibia okanye iSenegal), uya kufumana ukuba iilwimi zaseYurophu nazo ziyafumaneka ngokufanelekileyo-nangona uzilungiselele isiPutukezi, isiJamani okanye isiFrentshi ove ngaphezu kweYurophu. Kule nqaku, sijonge iilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye nezona zikhankanywe kakhulu kwiindawo ezihamba phambili zokuhamba kweAfrika , zilungiswe ngokulandelelana kwealfabhethi.
Aljeriya
IiLwimi ezisemthethweni: I-Arabic Standard kunye neTamazight (i-Berber)
Iilwimi ezithethwa kakhulu kwiAlgeria zi-Algerian Arabic and Berber.
Angola
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiPutukezi
IsiPutukezi sithetha njengolwimi lokuqala okanye lwesibini ngabantu abangaphezulu kwe-70% yabemi. Kukho iilwimi ezingama-38 zase-Afrika e-Angola, kuquka i-Umbundu, Kikongo ne-Chokwe.
Bhenin
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiFrentshi
Kukho iilwimi ezingama-55 eBenin, ezona ziwayo ziyiPhon kunye neYoruba (ngasezantsi) kunye neBeriba kunye neDendi (ngasentla).
IsiFrentshi sathethwa ngabantu abangama-35% kuphela.
Botswana
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi
Nangona isiNgesi yimiba ebhaliweyo ebhaliweyo eBotswana, ininzi labantu lithetha iSeshwana njengelwimi lwabo lonina.
Khameruni
IiLwimi ezisemthethweni: isiNgesi kunye nesiFrentshi
Kukho iilwimi ezingaba ngu-250 eCameroon. Kwiilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni, isiFrentshi sisona sithetha kakhulu kakhulu, ngelixa ezinye iilwimi ezibalulekileyo zengingqi ziquka iFang kunye neCameroon Pidgin English.
Khot divwa
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiFrentshi
IsiFrentshi yilwimi olusemthethweni nolwimi lwesiNgesi eCote d'Ivoire, nangona iilwimi ezingama-78 zithethwa ngeelwimi.
Jiphethe
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: iArabic Standard Standard
I-lingua franca yaseYiputa yi-Arabhu yaseYiputa, ethethwa ngabantu abaninzi. IsiNgesi nesiFrentshi ziqhelekile kwiindawo zasedolophini.
Yuthophiya
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isi-Amharic
Ezinye iilwimi ezibalulekileyo eTopiya ziquka i-Oromo, iSomalia neTigrinya. IsiNgesi lolwimi oluqhelekileyo oluqhelekileyo olufundiswa ezikolweni.
Gabhon
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiFrentshi
Abantu abangaphezu kwe-80% banokuthetha isiFrentshi, kodwa abaninzi basebenzisa iilwimi ezingama-40 njengolwimi lwabo lonina. Phakathi kwezi zinto, ezibaluleke kakhulu yiFang, Mbere noSira.
Gana
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi
Kukho iilwimi ezingama-80 ezahlukeneyo eGhana. IsiNgesi yi-lingua franca, kodwa urhulumente uxhasa iilwimi ezisibhozo zase-Afrika, kuquka uTwi, uEwe noDagbani.
Khenya
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: isiSwahili nesiNgesi
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zikhonza njenge-lingua franca eKenya, kodwa ezi zimbini, isiSwahili sithetha kakhulu.
Lesotho
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: isiSuthu nesiNgesi
Abangaphezu kwe-90% yabemi baseLesotho basebenzisa isiSuthu njengelwimi lokuqala, nangona iilwimi ezimbini zikhuthazwa.
Madagaska
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: isiMalagasy nesiFrentshi
IsiMalagasy sithetha kulo lonke iMadagascar , nangona abantu abaninzi bathetha isiFrentshi njengelwimi lwesibini.
Malawi
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi
Kukho iilwimi ezili-16 eMalawi, apho iChichewa yintetho ebanzi kakhulu.
Morishiyasi
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: isiFrentshi nesiNgesi
Uninzi lwabantu baseMauritiya lithetha isiCreole saseMuriti, ulwimi olusekelwe kakhulu kwisiFrentshi kodwa luboleka amagama kwiilwimi zesiNgesi, zaseAfrika nasezantsi-mpuma yeAsia.
Morokho
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: I-Arabic Standard kunye ne-Amazigh (i-Berber)
Ulwimi oluqhelekileyo oluthethiweyo eMorocco yiMorocco yaseArabhu, nangona isiFrentshi sisebenza ngolwimi lwesibini kubemi abaninzi belizwe.
Mozambikh
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiPutukezi
Kukho iilwimi ezingama-43 ezithethwa eMozambique. Eyona nto ithetha kakhulu isiPutukezi, ilandelwa ngeelwimi zaseAfrika ezifana noMakhuhuwa, isiSwahili kunye nesiShanga.
Namibhiya
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi
Nangona iimeko zazo njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni zaseNamibia, ngaphantsi kwe-1% yabantu baseNamibia bathetha isiNgesi njengelwimi lwabo lonina. Ulwimi oluthethwa ngokubanzi luyi-Oshiwambo, lulandelwa yiKhoekhoe, isiBhulu kunye neHerero.
Nayijeriya
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi
IGijagi likhaya kwiilwimi ezingama-520. Iintetho ezininzi ziquka isiNgesi, isiHausa, isiGigbo nesiYoruba.
Rhuwanda
IiLwimi ezisemthethweni: isiKinyarwanda, isiFrentshi, isiXhosa nesiSwahili
IsiKinyarwanda yilwimi lonina lwabaninzi baseRwanda , nangona isiNgesi nesiFrentshi ziqondwa ngokubanzi kulo lonke ilizwe.
Senego
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiFrentshi
ISenegal ineelwimi ezingama-36, ezona zikhankanywe kakhulu kwiWolof.
Mzantsi Afrika
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: isiBhulu, isiNgesi, isiXhosa, isiXhosa, isiNdebele, isiVenda, isiSwati, iSotho, isiSuthu, isiSonga nesiTswana
Uninzi lwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika banamibini kwaye banokuthetha ubuncinane ezimbini kwiilwimi ezi-11 zaseburhulumenteni. IsiXhosa nesiXhosa ziilwimi eziqhelekileyo ngolwimi, nangona isiNgesi siqondwa ngabantu abaninzi.
Thanzaniya
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: isiSwahili nesiNgesi
IesiSwahili nesiNgesi zii-lingua franca eTanzania, nangona abantu abaninzi banokuthetha isiSwahili kunokuthetha isiNgesi.
Thunishiya
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: iArabic Literary
Phantse bonke abaseTunisia bathetha isiTurkey isiArabhu, kunye nesiFrentshi njengolwimi lwesibini oluqhelekileyo.
Yuganda
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi nesiSwahili
IsiSwahili nesiNgesi zii-lingua franca e-Uganda, nangona abaninzi abantu basebenzisa ulwimi loluntu njengelwimi lwabo lonina. Izona ziwayo ziquka iLuganda, iSoga, iChiga kunye ne-Runyankore.
Zambiya
Ulwimi olusemthethweni: isiNgesi
Kukho iilwimi ezingaphezu kwe-70 kunye neentetho ezahlukahlukeneyo eZambia. Ezi sixhenxe ziyabonwa ngokusemthethweni, kuquka iBemba, Nyanja, Lozi, Tonga, Kaonde, uLuvale kunye neLunda.
Zimbhabhwe
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni: i-Chewa, i-Chibarwe, isiNgesi, i-Kalanga, i-Koisan, i-Nambya, i-Ndau, i-Ndebele, i- Shangani, isiNgesi, ulwimi lwezandla, isiSuthu, isiTonga, isiTswana, isiVenda nesiXhosa
Kwii-16 zaseburhulumenteni zaseZimbabwe, isiShona, isiNdebele nesiNgesi zizona zikhankanywe kakhulu.
Eli nqaku lihlaziywe nguJessica Macdonald ngoJulayi 19, 2017.