Uyakuqonda njani izakhiwo ze-Prehistoric e-UK
IBrithani inabantu abanengqiqo eyenza izakhiwo ezinamawaka eminyaka ubudala, ngasinye sinegama elikhethekileyo.
Izikhokelo zikhokelela ekudodeni, i-brochs, i-cromlechi, i-menhirs ngokungathi wonk 'ubani uyazi ukuba ziphi. Kodwa zithini na ezi zinto? Siyazi ntoni ngabo? Kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu, ungathini ukuba ukhangele ntoni xa ubona enye?
Leli glosari yealfabhethi yemigqaliselo esetyenziselwa izikhumbuzo zakudala eBrithani kufuneka ikuncede uqonde ezinye zeemfihlakalo.
IBrarow
Wavusa umhlaba kunye namatye phezu kwengcwaba okanye iqela lamangcwaba. Kwakhona kuthiwa yindunduma okanye i-tumulus.
Umtshini
Isakhiwo se Iron Iron, esasentla nentshonalanga Scotland. Yinqaba enkulu, ejikeleziweyo eyakhiwe ngeendonga zamatye ezikhuni, ezinomileyo. Iindonga zombini enye ngaphakathi kwelinye, yayinendawo phakathi kwabo kwaye yayiboshwe ndawonye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Lo mbonakalo wawuthetha ukuba iinqaba zingaphakama zingaphezulu kwama-40. Baye bacingelwa ukuba bafuna ukukhusela kodwa kuninzi lwabo abavubukuli ngoku bacinga ukuba baneenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Bathetha ukuba babemane nje inkcazo yobunikazi okanye ubukho kwilizwe elenzelwe ukukhupha ngaphandle. Ubuncinane ama-50 sele afunyenwe kwi-Orkney nakuba kuphela ezimbalwa zazo zicutshulwa. Jonga i-Broch of Gurness .
I-Byre
Igama laseBrithani leenkomo. Iimbali ze-prehistoric ziza kuzikhusela ezinye izifuyo, kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo, ngokunjalo.
Cairn
Kwizona zinto ezisisiseko, i-cairn ilungiselelo lamatye amakhulu abekwe isikhumbuzo, umakishi okanye isilumkiso.
EBrithani, i-ring cairn yindawo yesigxina seBronze yobudala - isangqa esikhulu samatye, esitholakala kakhulu kuMntla-ntshona we-England, mhlawumbi ngamashumi ama-50 okanye ama-60 ububanzi. Uphando lufumene ubungqina bemililo kunye nokungcwatywa kwabantu ngaphakathi kwezi. I-curb cairns, eqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-Wales, iindulana ezincinci ezijikelezayo, zijikelezwe ngongoma wamatye aphakamileyo kunesiqongo.
Umzila
Izizathu zokuqala zengxelo ye-Iron Age yayingumhlaba welizwe. Babebekwe ngamaplanga kwiipiliti ukuze banike unyawo oluqinileyo. Inkomfa yeFiskerton kwiWitham Valley yaseLincolnshire yenziwa malunga ne-600 BC
Ibomvu e liCandelo
Iindawo zokungcwaba zifikeleleke kwiindlela ezithile zeefowuni kwaye zahlulwe zibe ngamagumbi omnye okanye amanye abantu, njengama-mausoleum yanamhlanje, ebonisa ukuba indawo ephakamileyo yokungcwaba. Ukuxhatshazwa ngamangcwaba angaphantsi kukhangeleka njengama-mounds kwilizwe. Abanye abadala be-archaeologists ngoku bacinga ukuba amatye amakhulu amakhulu ayenzela umsebenzi oqhelekileyo njengama-cathedrals anamhlanje.
Cist
Indlela yokuqala yokungcwaba ebhokisini okanye ebhokisini lamatye. Jonga umngcwabo wobudala beBronze.
Clapper Bridge
Iibhanji ezakhiwe ngamatye amakhulu amatye axhaswe ngamatye abomileyo awakhiwe ngamacwecwe. Ngenxa yokwakha kwabo okunzima, kungenzeka ukuba bakhelwe ukuvumela amahashe epakethe ukuba adlulise imilambo encinci. Iibhuloho zeClapper zikhona kwiDartmoor kunye ne-Exmoor kunye ne-Snowdonia eWales. Olunye usuku ukususela kwiminyaka ephakathi kwaye amaninzi asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindlela zokuhamba.
ICrannog
Isiqithi esincinane esingumgubo, indawo yesigodlo sokuqala okanye indlu kwaye ifunyenwe kumachibi kunye nase-Scotland kunye nase-Ireland. Ngasentshonalanga yaseSkotland, i-crannogs inesiseko selitye kwaye idla ngokuzityalo ngenxa yokuba izilwanyana azidli kuwo.
Kwezinye iindawo iindawo eziqingqiweyo zakhiwe ngeemithi zokhuni. Bona umfanekiso we-crannog kwi-Awe ye-Loch.
Cromlech
Igama elisetyenziswe kwiWales ukuchazela ingcwaba elingaphakathi okanye ukungena kwetangcwaba. Kufana ne-dolmen (jonga ngezantsi).
IDolmen
Ilitye elikhulu elityebile elixhaswa ngamatye angamaxwebhu ngendlela ephathekayo. I-Dolmens yimihlali yamangcwaba ase-Stone Age emva kokuba izigulana (okanye i-tumuli) ezidibaniswe nazo ziphelile. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ama dolmens ayengumzobo kuphela.
Henge
Isetyhula okanye i-oval earthwork kunye nebhanki eyakhiweyo kunye nomxokelelwane ngaphakathi kwebhanki esetyenziselwa imikhosi okanye ukubala ixesha kunye namaxesha. Igama le-henge livela ku- Stonehenge , umzekelo ogqwesileyo. Igama layo livela kwi-Anglo Saxon ngokuxhoma okanye ilitye elilitshiweyo. Ininzi eyenziwa ngokulungelelanisa ilanga, okanye inyanga, kunye nokuqulunqwa kweefom.
Kwi- Summer Solstice , izihlwele zabantu zifika kwi-Stonehenge ukugubha ubusuku obufutshane kakhulu bonyaka. Kodwa, enyanisweni, injongo yolu ngqungquthela isaphila, kakhulu kunene umntu oqiqayo.
Hill Fort
Imihlaba yomhlaba omkhulu, ukusuka kwi-Iron Age okanye ngaphambili, eneemithambeka ezinde kunye neendlela eziphambili zeendlela. Nangona ngokuqinisekileyo zikhuselekile, zivame ukwakhiwa kwindawo ephezulu kwindawo, iinqonga zeentaba ze-Iron Age nazo zaxhasa indawo yokuhlala ezincinci zamakhaya nabasebenzi. Inqaba yaseMaiden eDorset nase-Old Sarum, kufuphi ne-Stonehenge, zombini imizekelo yeentaba zeentaba.
Menhir
Ilitye elikhulu elimileyo, ngamanye amaxesha liqoshwe ngobugcisa be-Stone Age kunye neempawu. I-Menhirs ingaba ngamatye angatshatanga, njengeRuston Monolith enkulu kwiYorkshire Wolds. Malunga nama-26 ubude ubude, le menhir, kwi-All Saint's churchyard eRudston, iyona ilitye elide kakhulu eBritani kwaye yamiselwa malunga ne-1600 BC Ezinye i-mehir zingaba ngamaqela okanye kwimizila yamatye. Amatye aMaPhezulu aMaqhinga yiqela lama-menhirs.
IBhafu leMbali
Efana namangcwaba angaphakathi, iindawo zokungcwaba zinengqamaniso yangaphakathi, zihlanganiswe ngamatye kwaye ziphahla ngamacwecwe amatye, ekhokelela ekamelweni langaphakathi. I-Maeshowe kwi-Orkney iyindawo engcwabayo engcwabeni elingaphantsi kwidanga elikhulu lesetyhula. I-Orkney inamanye amaninzi afanayo, okwangoku anxilwanga.
Wheelhouse
Indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala efumaneka kwi-Western Isles yaseScotland. Ivili lokuhlala ngaphambili lineendonga zelitye zangaphandle kunye neepilisi zamatye, zilungiswe njengezithethi zesondo, ezixhasa iingqungqelo zamatye kunye nophahla lwamatye.