Izikhumbuzo ze-Stone Age ze-Orkney

01 ngo 07

I-21 Cent Century Discoveries kwi-Orkney Amaze Abaphandi

Izikhumbuzo ze-Stone Age ze-Orkney ziye zaxhalabisa izazinzulu, izazi-mlando kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo. Ngoku, ukufumanisa kwakutshanje okwenziwe ukususela kwiminyaka yeminyaka, kuphakamisa iNhliziyo ye-Neolithic Orkney ibe yiklasi layo.

Kwiminyaka emininzi, izikhumbuzo zamandulo ze-Orkney, ngokukodwa ezo zihlanganiswe kwisiqithi esikhulu (esibizwa ngokuba yi -Mainland ), ziye zaheha abaphandi. Amacangxwa amakhulu amatye, amathunjwa angqonge, kunye nemimandla engcwatywayo, ezinye zazo (kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-5 000) ngaphezulu kweLikehenge okanye i-Pyramids, zabhalwa kwi-UNESCO yeLifa leMveli ngo-1999.

Ukuqokwa kwe-UNESCO ye -Heart of Neolithic Orkney , njengoko isayithi ibizwa ngokuba yiloo ndawo, kukhokelela ekuqhutyweni uphando olongezelelweyo kwiindawo ezinkulu zesayithi ezazingakhange zifundwe kwaye zingaxilwanga. Kwaye ngo-2002, kwi-spit encane yomhlaba obizwa ngokuba yiNess of Brodgar, ubungqina bento into enkulu kakhulu-enkulu kunene kunokuba nayiphi na i-Stone Age ifunyenwe naluphi na eYurophu-yaqala ukuvela.

Ukumba kule ndawo ephawulekayo kuvulelekile kuluntu ngoJulayi noAgasti unyaka ngamnye. Emva koko, fu manisa ukuba yiyiphi i-archaeologists ayifumene kwaye xa unokutyelela.

02 we-07

Isiko soMkhosi kwiNess kaBrogargar

I-Ness ye-Brodgar ibhuloho yomhlaba phakathi ezimbini ze-Orkney yolwandle, i-Harray ne-Stenness. Izikhumbuzo ezibini ze-Orkney zikhona nakwiphelo - iiStones Stones of Stenness and Ring of Brodgar.

Xa abavubukuli beqala ukwenza izifundo ze-geophysical ngo-2002 babengenalwazi lokuba ekugqibeleni baya kufumana iqokelelo leetempile nezakhiwo zeso sakhiwo, ziboshwe ngodonga olugqoke ngamatye ekupheleni, zijikelezwe ngamapulangwe kunye neendlela zokulwa kunye neendawo ezilingana neendawo ezine zebhola zeNgesi. .

Inkulu enkulu yezakhiwo, ii-82 iienyawo ubude ngeenyawo ezingama-20 ububanzi, zafunyanwa ngo-2008. Ingqonge iindonga ezihlanu ubude obude (malunga no-16,5 ububanzi ububanzi) obunokuphakama kweenyawo ezintathu.

Akukho namnye oqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni eyinkimbinkimbi esetyenzisiweyo kodwa, ekubeni ezininzi zezakhiwo zineentloko kodwa zingabonakali zinyango, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba basebenziselwa kwimigangatho nemihlatshelo mhlawumbi echaphazelekayo ngokufa okanye emva kokufa.

Ukuthandana kweCarbon kubonisa ukuba izakhiwo zazisetyenziswa ukusuka malunga ne-3200 BC, malunga nexesha eliyiminyaka eyi-1 000. Ukukhangela kwabo - ukusuka kwitye elihle kunye nelungelelwe ubungqina beendonga zangaphakathi ezidwetshiwe kunye neebumbi zobungcali - kuqhubeka nabaphandi abalukisayo.

Hlola indawo kwi-3D.

Ukutyelela iNess of Brodgar

Ukukhupha kwenzeka rhoqo ehlobo. Abantu ngabanye kunye namaqela entsapho bayamkeleka ukutyelela, jonga ukucoca ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ube neenqwelomoya zamahhala phakathi kwemihla ebhengeziweyo ngaphambi kokuqala kwexesha lokumba.

03 we-07

Iimpawu ezimileyo zoBume

Izikhumbuzo zeTyard Age esele zifunyenwe kwi-Orkney, yakha yonke indawo ye-UNESCO yeLifa leMveli, Inhliziyo ye-Neolithic Orkney. I-Dramatic kunye ne-atmospheric e-Orkney ephazamisekayo yelizwe elisezantsi, baqhubeka bexhomekeke kwimfihlelo yabo.

Amatye aMaPhezulu aMaPhezulu angase abe yindalo edala kunazo zonke kunye ne-Henge eBritish Isles. Ukutshata kweCarbon kuvela kwiminyaka engama-5 400 edlulileyo. Namhlanje, kuphela amatye akhe angama-12 asekuqaleni. Ingqungquthela enkulu ngaphakathi kwisangqa setye isenokuthi isetyenziselwe iinjongo zesithethe, mhlawumbi kunye nokulungiswa kwemihla ngemihla (amathambo ezilwanyana afunyenwe ekufunyweni). Isayithi ikhangelwe yi-Historic Environment Scotland kwaye ikhululekile ukutyelela, unyaka wonke.

Ndandwendwela iiTyhila zokuQiniseka ngentsasa emini ntambama ekuqaleni kukaMatshi. Le akhawunti yam amava apho aya kukunika ingcamango yento enokuyilindela:

Ngaphandle kwesangqa seMiQa eZimileyo, umoya waphendulela imvula yam enqatha kwi-kite. Sekunjalo ndandimangaliswe kukuba iifane kwilabi elikufuphi lalibonakala liyingqimba emvula.

Emva kokungaphakathi kwisangqa, umoya wawunqabile. Isikhokelo sethu sase-Orkney sendawo, sichaza i-acoustics engaqhelekanga yesiza. Abathengi ababekwe phambi kokuba bachongiwe ngokuthi "itafile ehlambulukileyo" babeza kuba namazwi akhululwe ngokungapheliyo.

Isikhokelo sasiza kunye neendonga zeendonga ezizalayo kwaye sinika ngamnye umntu ithuba lokungena kwisangqa, amehlo evalwe, ephethe iintonga. Njengoko sasiwela umgca wokucinga phakathi kwamatye, iindonga ezigubungelayo zihlangene. Nangona kunjalo, ndimele ndivume ukuba, xa ndiwela umgca wam amehlo avaliwe, iintonga zadibana kunye zaza zahlukana ezandleni zam. Ibusporho!

04 we-07

I Ring of Brodgar

Ingqungquthela emikhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-Ring of Brodgar ifaka i-dike kunye nesangqa setye elaliqule amatye angama-60. Amashumi amathathu anesithandathu amatye okuqala ahlala. Kucatshangwa ukuba yenye yezona zibonda ezinkulu kwiBrithani.

I-Ring kunye ne-13 yamangcwaba angcwatyelwayo angqongweyo ayikaze adutywe ngoko akukho mntu oqinisekileyo malunga nokuba bangakanani ubudala okanye injongo yabo. Kucingwa ukuba imihla yokuvala iphakathi kwe-2500 no-2000 BC.

Iimbono ezivela apha kwi-Orkney jikelele kunye neenduli ezikufutshane ze-Hoy ziyamangalisa kwaye zibonisa indawo engaqhelekanga, kodwa enkulu yemidlalo yemvelo eyenza iNhliziyo ye-Neolithic Orkney site.

Iphulo: Iincwadana ze-Orkney zibonisa ukuba i-Ring of Brodgar ifikeleleke ngabakhubazekile kodwa indlela ingaba yidaka kwaye idibeneyo kubasebenzisi abasebenzela izihlalo zabakhubazekile kufuneka babe nomncedisi.

05 we-07

Maeshowe

I-Maeshowe (ivakaliswe ukuba ingaba njani ) yenye yezona ndawo zigcinwe kakhulu kunye neyona ndawo inkulu kakhulu e-Yurophu. Yakhelwe malunga nama-5 000 kwiminyaka edlulileyo yamacwecwe amakhulu amacwecwe aphezu komhlaba. Ihlala ekwahlukeni ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwendawo engenanto engenanto. Nantsi ingcamango yento ekutyelele ngayo:

Sasiwela indawo enkulu evulekile ukuze sifinyelele eMaeshowe, sinyamezele ukuhlambalaza ngaphandle kwemvula yahlutha indlela yokugwema ukuvuthela umoya. Iimoli ze-Orkney zasebusika zasendle zabonakala zifanelekile ukutyelela le ndoda yamandulo yokungcwaba (malunga ne-2700 BC), enokuthi yenziwe ukuba idumise okanye inqula ilanga nenyanga ebusika. Kubude kwaye buyikeka phakathi kwintsimi enkulu, phambi kolwandle.

Ukungena ethuneni kunye nesikhokelo sethu, kwafuneka siqhube ukuhamba kwinqanaba elide elinesigxina ezine eziphakamileyo. Isikhokelo sethu sasikhokelela kuyo, silinde kwikedareli-njengamagumbi angaphakathi ukuze asitshele xa bekukhuselekile ukulungiswa.

Ivesi, kunye nesikhumbuzo sasendulo esilingana nesibizwa ngokuba yiBarnhouse Stone, ngaphaya kwexesha, ihamba ngokukhanya kwelanga, ukukhanyisa ikamelo elingaphakathi malunga neiveki ezintandathu malunga ne-winter solstice. Ibom ikhamera yaseMaeshowe idlulisela umcimbi.

Ubume beMaeshowe buphindaphindiwe kwiimirundi ezininzi ezingaxilwanga kwi-Orkney. Emva kwexesha elithile, isikhokelo sethu sichaza, abaninzi abantu baqala ukubona abantu besenza iimfumba kwi-hillock baze bavuke kwiziqithi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo

• Ihotele ezisexesha eliqalileyo ziqala ngeeyure phakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwe-4 ntambama kwaye kufuneka zibhaliswe kwangaphambili.
• Vula imihla ngemihla ukususela ngo-9: 30 ukuya ku-5 ntambama.
• Ukungena kuhlawulwa
• Ukutyelela i-website yabo yemiyalelo yokubhuka kunye nolwazi lwamanani Ngomhla we-2016, ukubhuka kwe-intanethi akufumaneki kodwa ukubhuka kwefowuni.

I-Winter Solstice ne-Sunset

Lezi zihlandlo ezithandwayo kakhulu ukutyelela iMeshowe kunye neendwendwe kule mihla ibhalwa ngokukhawuleza njengeminyaka emihlanu-ke ungabeki intliziyo yakho ukuba ube khona. Kwezinye izihlandlo zonyaka, ukukhanya okukhethekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukukunika ingcamango ecacileyo yintoni i-solstice ifana ngayo ngaphakathi kwe-cairn.

06 we-07

Viking Mischief eMaeshowe

Abahlali baseViking kamva kwi-Orkney babecinga ukuba iziqithi zokungcwaba ezingaqhelekanga zidibene. Ngethuba elithile ngekhulu le-12, iqela labatshabalala baseNorse, ukubhiyozela ukubuyela kwabo ngokukhuselekileyo, liye laphuka eMaeshowe.

Ukuba i-Viking saga yesiqithi, i -Orkneyinga inokukholwa , bachitha iintsuku ezintathu zokuxwala bebanjwe ngaphakathi ethuneni bengafuni. Oku kungachaza ukuba kutheni, ngokungafani nezinye izigulana zokungcwaba ezifunyenwe eNyakatho Yurophu, uphahla lweMaeshowe luye lwawa kwaye lwafuneka lwakhiwe kabusha.

Runeswe Runes

Ngokuqinisekileyo iya kwindlela ethile yokuchaza isizathu sokuba iqoqo elikhulu le-Yickey elinezixhobo ezihamba phambili, ezingama-30 kuzo zonke, zidibene kwiindonga zaseMaeshowe. Ngokomkhokeli wethu, umgcini webali ukususela kwiMbali yeMbali, njengama-graffitti amaninzi ama-runes amnandi kwaye aphakamisayo. Bahlambalaza abafazi beendlela zokuziphatha okubi okanye baziqhayisa ngokulwa nezesondo. Uninzi lwazo olunokwabelwana kunye nabaphulaphuli bentsapho, banike ingcamango yokuba babhalelwe isihlwele sokuziqhayisa, izilwanyana zezilwanyana zeViking.

Omnye, oqulunqwe ngamagqabi e-artistic, uthi, "Ezi zigijimi zavezwa yindoda engumnqamle wezona zinto ezihamba phambili eNtshona Koloni."

Omnye, oqoshiwe malunga neenyawo ezili-12 ngaphantsi komgangatho (cinga enye iViking ehleli emagxeni omnye mhlawumbi), uthi, "UTholfir Kolbeinsson udwebile le miqhubi kakhulu."

07 we-07

I-Skara Brae ikhuphuke ngaphantsi kweeSands zexesha

I-Skara Brae yindawo ephawulekayo yaseLery Age. Izindlu zayo ezineminyaka engama-5 000 ubudala zihlala zingene emva kokungcwatywa iminyaka eyiwaka.

Indlela eya kwi-Skara Brae, evela kwiziko leendwendwe, malunga nekota yeekhilomitha ezili-400, ihlanganiswe nabamakishi abakubuyisela ngexesha - kudlule iSibhengezo soBu-Independence, esadlulile iMarta Carta, ukuzalwa kukaKristu, ukwakha i-Pyramids kunye ne-Stonehenge, de, ekugqibeleni, ekugqibeleni kungekudala, idolophana yase Skara Brae.

Igama livela kwi-dune enkulu yentlabathi yahlanjwa phakathi nekhulu le-19 leminyaka. Ngenxa yokuba i-Skara Brae yayingcwatyelwe ngokupheleleyo kwisanti - kumhlaba ongakaze uhlwaywe - izindlu zaziphantse zigcinwe ngokupheleleyo. Cinga ukumangaliswa kweLaird yaseSkaill House, kufuphi ne-1850, xa wafumanisa ukuba yintoni into eyayibonakaliswe kuyo.

I-Real Real Cottage

Ngaphambi kokuhamba ukuya kwisayithi, sebenzisa ixesha elithile kwi-replica kwiziko leendwendwe. Ikopi echanekileyo yendlu 7 kwisiza. Ukuma kuyo, unokukwazi ukubona iibhedi, iindawo zokuhlala, kunye nomgcini wendawo apho izimbiza kunye neepane zigcinwe kwaye ukutya kugcinwe phantsi. Indlu iphelele ngokupheleleyo unokucinga ukuba uhlala kuyo. Ukuboniswa kwezinto ezifakwe kwiziko kufaka iidayisi zamatye, izixhobo, kunye neengubo.

Kwiziko, ezintathu zindlu zidibene neendinyana eziza kuphawulwa ngelo xesha. Le ndinyana iqhubeka isithuba esiphezulu esikhethwe njenge-workshop.

Sasivakatyelela kwi-bruwari yosuku lweJanuwari-ngokunjalo ukugqithisekisa ngokwenene ukuba elinye iqela lethu limele lihlale emva kokuba lingaqhubeki. Isibhakabhaka, isibhakabhaka esibhakabhakeni sasimnyama ngokukhawuleza kwaye ulwandle, ngaphantsi kweeyari ezili-100, lwaluyingozi kwaye lwalusendle. Mhlawumbi i-Skara Brae kulula ukutyelela ngosuku olumandla. Kodwa ukucinga ngabantu abakuqala ababekhuselekile apha kwiimeko ezinobundlobongela ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-5 000 edluleyo bangezeleleke kakhulu kwifuthe layo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo

• Vula imihla ngemihla, ngo-9: 30 ekuseni ukuya ku-5: 30 ntambama ngo-Ephreli 1 ukuya kuSeptemba 30 no-10 ukuya ku-4 ngomhlaka-Oktobha 1 ukuya kuMatshi 31.

• Ukungena kuhlawulwa. Ukuze uthole iinkcukacha ezithe nkcukacha, ukufikelela kwikhompyutha malunga namaxabiso kunye noshintsho kwiiyure zokuvula, tyelela iwebhusayithi ye-Historic Environment Scotland.

• Ababhenkethi beziko kunye nevenkile kunye neziqabu
• Isitulo sabakhubazekile esinokufumaneka ekuqaleni sokuqala siza kusekela ukufikelela okukhubazekileyo. Ukutyelela lewebhu ukuze uthole ulwazi olunzulu lokufikelela.