Usuku lweSigama esiFileyo

Uluhlu lwamagama malunga neDía de los Muertos

I-Día de Muertos yiholide yaseMexico ehloniphayo kwaye ibhiyozela imimoya yalabo abadlule. Imigubho ejikeleze le holide inemiba eninzi enokuba nzima ukuyiqonda, ingakumbi kubantu abangazi kakuhle amagama asetyenziswa ukuthetha ngawo. Nazi ezinye izigama zelwimi ezingasiluncedo ekuqondeni uSuku lweMexico lwemibhiyozo yokufa .

• 01 we-17

  Ngelelo

  Ngosuku lwabafileyo, abantu abaninzi bafaka ama-altare (okubizwa nangokuthiwa ngamarereas , "iminikelo") emakhaya abo ukuhlonipha abo bathandekayo abafayo. Kukho noba nezibingelelo ezibekwe ezikolweni, kumashishini nakwiindawo ezikarhulumente. Ifom yesibingelelo inokuhluka, kodwa kaninzi inamaqela amaninzi kwaye izaliswe ngamakhandlela, iintyatyambo, iziqhamo kunye nezinye izinto zokutya. Iimoya zikholelwa ukuba zidla i-essence yazo yokutya esele iphela. Fumana indlela yokwenza iSuku sakho se-altare esibhubhileyo , okanye ubone imifanekiso yezibingelelo ezingaphezulu .

• 02 we-17

  Angelitos

  I-Angelitos "zingelosi ezimbalwa." Eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukuthetha malunga nabantwana abafayo kwaye bakholelwa ukuba babuyele ngobusuku bo-31, kwaye bahlale ngomhla we-1 kuNovemba 1, bavakatye kunye neentsapho zabo. Imimoya yabantu abadala abasweleyo batyelela ngomhla olandelayo. Izibingelelo zivame ukulungiswa ngendlela ekhethekileyo yokufumana i- angelitos , emva koko ezinye izakhi, ezifana nezigubha kunye neebhotile zotywala, zongezwa kamva, xa kufika imimoya yabantu abadala.

• 03 we-17

  Calaca

  Leli lizwi laseSpeyin elithiSlang for word skeleton. ICalacas ibonakala ngokugqithiseleyo kwiSuku seMibhozo efile. Ngamanye amaxesha igama elithi "La Calaca" lisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukufa komuntu. Amanye amagama asetshenziselwa ukufelwa kwabantu kufaka phakathi "la Pelona" (i-bald), "la Flaca" (isikhumba), "la Huesuda" (ibhon). Ezi zonke zisetyenzisiwe kwifom yebhinqa.

• 04 we-17

  Calavera

  I- calavera yintaba , i- calaverita yintwaqa encinane, kunye ne- calavera de azucar yintanga ye-sugar. Ezi zifakwe kwisibingelelo kwaye zidla ngokuba negama lomntu ofileyo obhaliweyo ebunzini - okanye njengomdlalo odlalwayo, igama lomntu osaphila.

• 05 we-17

  Catrina, La

  La Catrina ngumlingiswa owadalwa ngumlimi waseLeexican lithographer kunye nomfuziselo uJoseph Guadalupe Posada (1852-1913). ULatrina uyisigqila samasetyhini egqoke kwindlela abafazi besigaba esiphambili beli xesha. I-Posada yaqalisa isithethe sokubonisa amanani anamhlanje njengamahlumela ngendlela ehlekisayo njengendlela yokuhlaziywa kwentlalo. UCatrina uye waba ngumntu ovelele kwiSuku seMibhiyozo yokufa kunye nemibhiyozo.

• 06 we-17

  Cempasuchil

  Olu hlobo lweentyatyambo luyaziwa nangokuthi i- flor de muerto , kwaye lisetyenziswe kwiSihlaba sama-Altare afileyo kunye nokuhlobisa amathuna. Ikhula kakhulu ngeli xesha leMexico kwaye iphunga layo elimnandi litsho ukuba litsalane imimoya ezayo ekutyeleleni abo bathandekayo abafa ngenxa yoSuku lwabafileyo.

• 07 we-17

  The lekisa

  I-comparsa yimbhiyozo enjenge-carnival apho abantu bagqoke kwiingubo kunye nokudanisa. I-Comparsas idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiSuku lo-Oaxaca lweMiyo yokufa , apho izambatho zidala ngokuklama kwaye ziyamangalisa.

• 08 we-17

  ICopal

  ICopal isiqhumiso esenziwe nge-resin evela emthini wegama elinye. Isiqhumiso seCopal satshiswa eMesoamerica kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye isatshiswa ngemibhiyozo ekhethekileyo kwaye idlalwa kwiSigqeba sama-Dead, okanye enye i-altare efile. Igama elithi copal lithathwe kwigama lesiNahuatl elithi copalli , elithetha "isiqhumiso".

• 09 we-17

  Fieles Difuntos

  I-Fieles Difuntos ithetha " ukuhamba okuthembekileyo" kwaye eli gama libhekisela kwimibhiyozo yamaKatolika Yonke Imiphefumlo. KwiKatolika, ukukhunjulwa okanye ukuhlonipha bonke abathembekileyo abahambayo kubhiyozelwa ngoNovemba wesi-2, kanti ngoNovemba 1 kubhiyozela bonke abaNgcwele, i- Todos los Santos .

• 10 we-17

  Hanal Pixan

  Kwindawo yamaMaya, iMibhiyozo yokufa yabizwa ngokuthi nguHanal Pixan . Enye yeempawu ezahlukileyo malunga nendlela amaMaya abagubha ngayo uSuku lwabafileyo ngokulungiselela ukutya okhethekileyo kweso sihlandlo, njenge- mucbipollo , oluhlobo lwetamal enkulu ephekwe emgodini ongaphantsi komhlaba.

• 11 we-17

  Mictlan

  UMiktlan yayiyindawo yabafileyo baseAztec, inqanaba eliphantsi kunazo zonke. Mictlantecuhtli wayengunkulunkulu owayephethe phezu kweli hlabathi, kunye nomkakhe, uMictlancíhuatl. Kwisithethe se-Prehispanic, le ndawo yindawo abafileyo abaya kuhamba ngayo ukuze babuye baphinde babone abo bathandekayo.

• 12 we-17

  Irenda

  Undare uthetha "ukunikela" ngesiSpanish, kwaye xa uthetha ngoSuku lweMibhiyozo yokufa, isetyenziselwa ukubhekisela ezintweni ezibekwe kwisibingelelo semimoya. Ngamanye amaxesha isibingelelo ngokwawo siyakuboniswa nje ngeyona nto.

• 13 we-17

  Pan de muerto

  Enye yezinto ezidityanisiweyo kunye noSuku lwabafileyo luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwesonka olubizwa ngokuba yi- pan de muerto , elithetha "isonka sabafileyo." Isonka sinakho kakhulu ukusuka kummandla ukuya kummandla, ngamanye amaxesha kufana ne- pan yema , isonka esilubhi esenziwe ngamaqanda eqanda, okanye mhlawumbi kube yimhlophe emnandi kunye namathambo afakwe phezulu. I-pan de muerto ifakwe kwisibingelelo, kwaye isetyenziswe, idla ngokutya kwikhofi okanye ushokolethi eshisayo.

• 14 we-17

  Papel picado

  Ipapel picado yinqumle iphepha ngokusetyenziswa kweMexico ukuhlobisa kuzo zonke iiholide kunye nezigqeba. Usuku lwabafileyo lwepapel picado lubekwa ngapha kweenxa zonke ze-altare, kwaye lufaka umbala kwisibingelelo. Abanye bathi izinto ezi ezine zikhoyo kwisibingelelo kwaye ukuhamba kwepape picado kubonisa umoya.

• 15 we-17

  I-Tapete ye-arna

  Kweminye imimandla yaseMexico, imifanekiso yentlabathi okanye i-tapestries (i- tapetes de arena ) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokubhiyozela. Ezi zenziwe ngesanti kunye ne-pigment kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezinye izinto ezifana nembewu, ubhontshisi, ii-flower petals kunye ne-sawdust, kwaye zinokuthi zichaze iintetho zezenkolo, kodwa ngokuthe rhoqo zibonisa ukufa ngendlela edlalwayo.

• 16 we-17

  Todos los Santos

  I-Todos los Santos "Bonke abaNgcwele." Ukubhiyozelwa ngomhla wokuqala kaNovemba, lo ngumhla wokuqala woSuku lwabafileyo (iDia de los Muertos), xa abantwana abasweleyo neentsana, los angelitos , bahlonishwa, kuba bakholwa ukuba bafile ngaphambi kokuba imiphefumlo yabo ibe sullied by sin. Oluthe xaxa malunga noMthendeleko wamaKatolika woSuku lweSanta.

• 17 we-17

  Xantolo

  I-Xantolo yimbhiyozo yesithili yoMhla wabafileyo. Ubhiyozelwa kwindawo yaseHuasteca yaseMexico, ehlala kwicandelo langasempuma yeMexico kwaye iquka iinxalenye zelizwe laseHidalgo, iVeracruz, iTamaulipas, iSan Luis Potosí kunye neQuerétaro. Imikhosi ye-Xantolo ibandakanya idaniso ekhethekileyo. Funda kabanzi nge Xantolo.