Usuku lwabafileyo (olubizwa ngokuthi iDía de Muertos ngesiSpanish) lugubha eMexico phakathi ko-Oktobha 31 noNovemba wesi-2. Ngeli holide, abantu baseMexico bayakhumbula baze bazukise abo bathandekayo. Akusiyo isiqhelo esibuhlungu okanye esibuhlungu, kunoko liholide kunye nemibala edibeneyo yokubhiyozela ubomi babantu abadlule. Abantu baseMexico bavakashela amangcwaba, bahobise amangcwaba baze bachithe ixesha apho, phambi kohlobo lwabahlobo babo nabafayo.
Baye benza izibingelelo ezicokisekileyo (ezibizwa ngokuba yi -rerendas ) emakhaya abo ukuze bamkele imimoya.
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo njengento ecacileyo yenkcubeko yaseMexico kunye nemibandela ekhethekileyo yokubhiyozelwa eyadluliselwa kwizizukulwana, imikhosi yendabuko yaseMexico eyazinikezelwa kwabafileyo yabonwa yi-UNESCO njengenxalenye yelifa lemveli lenkcubeko yobuntu ngo-2008.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweeMveli
Ngamaxesha angaphambi kweSpanishi, abafileyo bangcwatyelwa kufuphi namakhaya omndeni (ngokuphindaphindiweyo ethuneni phantsi kwepatio ephambili yendlu) kwaye kwakugxininiswa kakhulu ekugcineni ubudlelwane kunye nookhokho abasweleyo, ababekholelwa ukuba bayaqhubeka bekhona ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo . Xa kufika amaSpanish kunye nobuKatolika, iinto zonke zeMimoya Yonke nezo Zingcwele zazingeniswa kwiiNkolelo zeSpain kunye namasiko kunye neeholide zaza kubhiyozelwa njengoko siyazi namhlanje.
Inkolelo emva koSuku lweMveli yokufa kukuba imimoya iphinda ibuyele kwihlabathi labaphilayo ngenxa yosuku olunye lwenyanga ukuba lube neentsapho zabo.
Kuthiwa ukuba imimoya yabantwana kunye nabantwana abafa (abizwa ngokuthi i- angelitos , "iingelosi ezincinane") zifika ngo-Oktobha 31 phakathi kobusuku, zichithe usuku lonke kunye neentsapho zazo kwaye zishiye. Abantu abadala baya ngosuku olulandelayo. Funda kabanzi malunga nemvelaphi yeeholide .
Izipho zeMimoya
Omoya bayabingiswa ngeminikelo yokutya okhethekileyo kunye nezinto abayithandayo xa bephila.
Ezi zibekwe kwisibingelelo kwikhaya lentsapho. Kukholelwa ukuba imimoya idla i-essence kunye nephunga lezinto ezidliwayo. Xa imimoya isuka, abaphilileyo bayadla ukutya baze bahlanganyele kunye nosapho, abahlobo kunye nabamelwane.
Ezinye izinto ezibekwa kwisibingelelo ziquka i-skulls , esoloko negama lomntu libhaliswe phezulu, i- pan de Muertos , isonka esikhethekileyo esenziwa ngokukodwa kwixesha, kunye ne- cempasuchil (marigolds) eqaqambileyo ngeli xesha lonyaka kunye Ukuboleka umnikelo oqingqiweyo esibingelelweni.
Bona iifoto ze- Día de los Muertos ii- altare .
Emangcwabeni
Kwixesha la mandulo, abantu bangcwatyelwa kufuphi namakhaya abo kwaye kwakungekho mfuneko yokuba nemihlobiso emangcwabeni eyahlukileyo kunye nama-altare e-home, ezi zihlangene kwindawo enye. Ngoku ukuba abafileyo bangcwatywa emakhaya abo, amangcwaba ahlotshiswe ngcamango yokuba abafileyo babuyela khona kuqala. Kwezinye iidolophini, iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo zifakwa ematyeni ukusuka emangcwabeni ukuya ekhaya ukuze imimoya ikwazi ukufumana indlela yawo. Kwezinye iindawo, kusemthethweni ukuchitha ubusuku bonke emangcwabeni, kwaye abantu benza iqela lalo, babe nesidlo sepikiniki, badlala umculo, bathetha bephuza ubusuku.
Usuku lwabafileyo kunye neHalloween
I-Día de los Muertos kunye neHalloween zinempawu eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ziiholide ezihlukileyo. Bobabini bavela kwiintsholongwane zenkcubeko zakuqala malunga nokufa eza kamva zixubene nobuKristu. Zombini zisekelwe kwingcamango yokuba imimoya ibuya ngeli xesha lonyaka. I-Customs ejikeleze iHalloween ibonakala ivela kwingcamango yokuba imimoya yayinobundlobongela (abantwana bafihliwe ukuze bangabi nengozi), kanti ngoMhla weMithendeleko efile, imimoya yamkelwa njengamalungu entsapho angaboni ngonyaka.
I-Día de los Muertos iyaqhubeka ishintsha, kwaye ukuxuba kweenkcubeko kunye namasiko uyaqhubeka. Imithendeleko ye-Halloween iyanda kakhulu eMexico: ii-masks kunye neengubo zithengiswa kwiimarike kunye ne-sugar skulls kunye ne- Pan de Muertos , imincintiswano yeendleko ziqhutywe kunye ne-altar isibambano kwizikolo, kunye nabanye abantwana bembatha iingubo kwaye bahamba ("pedir Muertos").
Ukutyelela iMexico kwiDía de los Muertos
Eli holide lixesha elihle lokuya eMexico. Akunakukuphela nje ukukwazi ukubonela le mibhiyozo ekhethekileyo, kodwa unokonwabela nezinye iiluncedo zaseMexico kwiNkqenkqo yokuGwa . Nangona iintsapho zibhiyozela iholide ngasese, kukho ezininzi iimbonakalo zentlalo onokuyonwabela, kwaye ukuba wenza ngokuhlonipha, akukho mntu uya kucinga ukuba khona kwakho emangcwabeni nakwezinye iindawo zoluntu apho abantu baseMexico bebhiyozela baze bahloniphe abo bafe.
Usuku lwabafileyo lugubha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo eMexico. Imithendeleko idla ngokuba yimibalabala kummandla osezantsi, ngokukodwa kwiindawo zaseMichoacan, iOaxaca, neChiapas. Kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, imibhiyozo ininzi kakhulu xa iidolophu ezinkulu zidla ngezinye izizathu. Kukho iindawo ezimbalwa ezizaziwa ngokuzigcina kwazo kwiDía de los Muertos . Jonga uluhlu lwethu lweSuku oluPhambili lweeNdawo eziFileyo .
Ukuba awukwazi ukwenza eMexico, unokwubhiyozela iholide ngokwenza isibingelelo sakho ukuhlonipha abathandekayo bakho abadlule.