Usuku lwabafileyo luyindawo ebalulekileyo eholide yaseMexico eyenzela abantu abathandekayo. EMexico, umbhiyozo uqhutywa ukususela ngo-Oktobha 31 ukuya kuNovemba wesi-2, uhambelane neentsuku zamaKatolika eziNtsuku zonke zeMoya kunye nayo yonke imiphefumlo, kodwa imvelaphi yomthendeleko ixhomekeke kwiinkalo zeenkolelo zendabuko kunye neemfundiso zamaKatolika. Kwixesha elide liye laguqukela, longeza ezinye iingcamango nezenzo ezintsha, ekugqibeleni zigqithise imvelaphi yazo ukuba ziguqulwe kwiholide leMexico egujwa namhlanje njengeDía de Muertos okanye iHanal Pixan kwindawo yeMaya.
Iinkolelo Ze-Prehispanic Ngokufa
Kwakukho amaqela amaninzi ahlala eMesoamerica kumaxesha amandulo, njengoko kusekho namhlanje. Amaqela ahlukeneyo ayenayo namasiko ahlukeneyo, kodwa ayeninzi nezinto ezifanayo. Inkolelo yokuphila emva kokufa yayisasazeka kwaye ibuyele kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-3500 edlulileyo. Kwiindawo ezininzi zezinto zakudala zaseMexico, indlela enhle abantu abangcwatyelwe kuyo ibonisa ubungqina benkolelo yokuphila emva kokufa, kwaye ukuba amaxesha amathuba ayenziwa phantsi kwezindlu, kwakuthetha ukuba abantu abathandekayo babo baya kuhlala behlala kwintsapho yabo.
Ama-Aztec ayekholelwa ukuba kukho iindiza ezininzi zokuhlala ezahlukileyo kodwa zihambelana nomnye esihlala kuyo. Bawubone ihlabathi elinama-13 aphezulu okanye iindawo zezulu ngaphezu kwendawo yasemhlabeni, kunye ne-nine underworlds. Elinye lala manqanaba lalinempawu zabo kunye noothixo abathile ababalawulayo.
Xa umntu efile wayekholelwa ukuba indawo eya kuyo umphefumlo wabo kuxhomekeke kwindlela abafe ngayo. Ama-Warriors afa ekulweni, abafazi abafa ngexesha lokubeleka, kunye namaxhoba okubingelelwa ayebhekwa njengelona linenhlanhla, njengoko babeya kuvuzwa ngokuphumeza i-plane ephezulu emva kokufa.
Ama-Aztec ayenomthendeleko wenyanga, apho okhokho bahlonishwa khona kwaye banikezelwa iminikelo kubo. Lo mthendeleko wenziwa ngenyanga ka-Agasti waza wahlonipha inkosi kunye nenkosikazi yelifa, uMiktlantecuhtli nomkakhe uMictlancíhuatl.
Impembelelo yamaKatolika
Xa amaSpanish afika ngekhulu leshumi elinesibhozo, bazisa ukholo lobuKatolika kubantu baseMesoamerica baza bazama ukugxotha inkolo yonqulo. Babenempumelelo kuphela, kwaye iimfundiso zamaKatolika zadibanisa neenkolelo zendabuko zokudala izithethe ezintsha. Umthendeleko ophathelene nokufa nokubhiyozela ookhokho washukunyiswa ukuba uhambelane neeholide zamaKatolika zoSuku Lwabantu Bonke (ngoNovemba 1) kunye neMini Yemihla Yonke (ngoNovemba yesi-2), kwaye nangona kuthathwa njengeholide yamaKatolika, Imikhosi yaseSpeyin.
Ukuxhamla Ukufa
Imifanekiso emininzi ehambelana noMhla wabafileyo ibonakala ihlekisa ukufa. Amagqabha adlalwayo, i-skulls ezihlotshisiwe, kunye neenqanawa zokudlala zikhona. UJose Guadalupe Posada (1852-1913) wayengumfanekiso kunye nomdwebo ovela kuAguascalientes owawubhubhisa ukufa ngokubonakalisa iimbumba zeembethe zenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ngethuba lolawulo lukaMongameli Porfirio Diaz, uPosada wenza isitatimende senhlalakahle ngokugculela abapolitiki kunye negumbi lokulawula - ngakumbi uDiaz nomkakhe.
Waqulunqa umlingisi uLacrina, isigqoko esifanelekileyo sowesifazane, oye waba ngenye yeempawu eziphambili zoSuku lwabafileyo.
Usuku lwabafileyo namhlanje
Imithendeleko iyahluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya endaweni. Olunye lweSuku oluhle kakhulu lweendawo ezifileyo ziquka i-Oaxaca, iPatzcuaro kunye neJanitzio eMichoacan, kunye ne-Mixquic, emaphethelweni eMexico City. Usuku lwabafileyo isithethe esiqhubekayo, kwaye ukufuphi kweMexico kwiUnited States kuye kwandisa ukugqithisa okukhoyo phakathi kweHalloween kunye noSuku lwabafileyo. Abantwana bembethe kwiingubo kunye ne-Mexican version ye-crick-or-treating, baphume kwi- pedir Muertos (cela abafileyo). Kwezinye iindawo, esikhundleni se-candy, baya kunikwa izinto kwiNtsapho yeSibingelelo Sokufa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eUnited States, abantu abaninzi baya kugubha uSuku lwabafileyo, bethatha ithuba lokuhlonela nokukhumbula abo babathandayo abafayo ngokudala izibingelelo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwenye imini yoMthendeleko.
Funda esinye nesigama esihambelana noMhla wabafileyo .