Indawo yeSatatra e-Indonesia, Ukufika Kulapho, Nezinto Ozozenzayo
Kuzwakala kude kwaye kungabonakali, kodwa yintoni na iSinatra?
Leli gama lesithandathu kwisiqithi esikhulu kwihlabathi lidibanisa imifanekiso yee-jungle, ii-volcano, i-orangutans, kunye nezizwe zendabuko. Kodwa, ngokukhawuleza, akusiyo nje ukunyaniseka kwe-Hollywood! USatatra uyaziqhayisa zonke ezo zinto, nangaphezulu, xa usubalekela ezixekweni.
Kutholakala kumda osentshona-ntshona we-archipelago, iSatatra isiqithi esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Indonesia.
I-Borneo inkulu kakhulu, kodwa iyahlukana phakathi kwe-Indonesia, iMalaysia neBrunei . I-Sumatra yenza iindawo eziphambili kwintshona yasentshonalanga ye-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia, enye indawo yokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba i-Indian Ocean engapheli iqale.
I-Sumatra i-oblong ifom, ifakwe nge-angled ukusuka kumpuma-ntshona ukuya empuma-mpuma. Umda wasempumalanga uphawula ngokusondeleyo kwiPeninsular Malaysia naseSingapore. I-Strait encinci yeMalacca ihlukanisa iindawo zomhlaba ezimbini.
Isalathiso esisezantsi sakwaSumatra siqhuma ngokubhekiselele kwiJava, kunye nenkunzi yeJakarta kufuphi. Mhlawumbi yinto enhle ye-Sumatra-kunye nokubonakaliswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona iindawo ezikufutshane kakhulu nakwiindawo ezinokuphuhliswa kakhulu ezifana neKuala Lumpur , eSingapore, naseJakarta, uya kukwazi ukufumana lula kunye nabantu basekuhlaleni abalandela amasiko endala.
Okungakumbi Ngendawo yeSatatra
I-Equator ihlula iSatatra ngokufanelekileyo phakathi kwama-hemispheres angasenyakatho nakumazantsi.
- I-Sumatra ifumaneke ngasezantsi eThailand naseBurma (eMyanmar); entshona yeMalaysia naseSingapore.
- I-Jakarta, inkulu-dolophu yase-Indonesia, ikuJava kungekude ukusuka kwicala elisempuma-mpuma yeS Sumatra.
- I-India ne-Sri Lanka zihlala ngaphesheya kwe-Indian Ocean ngasentla ngasentshonalanga yeS Sumatra.
NgezoBomi
I-Sumatra ingaba yinto engafanelekanga echongiwe kwimimandla emithathu: i-North Sumatra, i-West Sumatra kunye neSouth Sumatra.
I-Sumatra yaseMntla ifumana ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kubahambi . Uninzi lwafika eMedan kwaye luya eLake Toba (ilona likhulu litsho le-volcanic ehlabathini), isiqithi esithakazelisayo phakathi , kunye neBukit Lawang - idolophu esekelwe kuyo ukugcina i-orangutans kwi-National Park yaseGunung Leuser.
I-West Sumatra ifike okwesibini ukwenzela ukhenketho, nangona kunjalo, inokubambelela kwi-surfers abanezakhono kunye nabahambahambayo abahamba phambili befuna iinjongo zangaphandle ngaphandle kweendlela ezibethekileyo. Bobabini imimandla iyakwazi ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza kwi-backpacker "ye- Banana Pancake Trail " ngelinye ilanga kodwa ngoku liye labona ukukhula okunamandla kwezokhenketho. Iindwendwe ezingenanto ezingaphezulu.
Musa ukucinga ukuba nje ngokuba iSatatra iikhenkethi zee-orangutan kunye nezizwe ezinokungadibaniswanga nazo zonke malunga nezindlu zendawo eziqingqiweyo kunye neendlela zokungcola. Ubuncinane imizi eyisithupha exakekileyo inabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi. I-Traffic ingaba yingozi. I-Medan, inkulu-dolophu yaseMntla yaseStatra, ibuyele ekhaya ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 zabantu kunye neyesibini kwisikhululo esikhulu se-Indonesia.
Malunga neSatatra, Indonesia
- ISatatra iyisiqithi sesithandathu kunazo zonke kwihlabathi.
- Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 babiza umnxeba waseStatra (ngo-2014 kubalo lwabantu ngo-2014) okwenza isiqithi sesihlanu esiphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Indonesia iyingxenye yesine kubemi behlabathi, nje emva kwe-United States.
- I-Sumatra ibhekiselele ukusuka kumpuma-ntshona ukuya empuma-mpuma; li malunga ne-1,110 iilili ukusuka kwiphondo ukuya kwinqonga.
- I-Sumatra yenye yeendawo ezimbini kuphela kwihlabathi ukubona i-orangutans zasendle (i-Borneo enye).
- Umhlaba ovuthayo wenyuka eStatra ukhula enye yekhofi efanelekileyo kwihlabathi. Enye yezinto ezibiza kakhulu, ikhophi luwak , "iqhutywelwa" ngokutya ikhefu kwiikhabhi - izilwanyana ezifana ne-weasel - eSomatra. Namhlanje, zininzi ze-knockoffs, kodwa i- kopi luwak yangaphambili ivela kwi-Sumatra.
- I-Batak, igama eliye lahlanganiselwa kwiKaro kunye nezinye izizwe zesizwe eSomatra, emva kokuba zenze i-headhunting kunye neentambo zokutya. UMarco Polo wadlulisela kwi-akhawunti yesibini yezinto zokubulala umzi ngo-1292 nangona wayengaziboneli ngokwakhe. Lo msebenzi wawunqabile emva kwekhulu le-19.
- ILibho iToba, isiqithi esikhulu se-volcanic ehlabathini, sakhiwe ngexesha lokuqhuma kwintlanzi. Esi siganeko satshintsha ngokuthe ngqo ukushisa kwiplanethi. Iqhosha eliyiphumela liyimitha engama-62 ubude, ubude beekhilomitha ezingama-18, kunye neenyawo ezili-1,600 kwezinye iindawo! Amanzi agcina ukushisa okuncinci ngokubonga kwimisebenzi yokusebenza komzimba. Uxinzelelo lwe-volcanic uye wanyanzelisa isiqithi esitsha, iPulau Samosir , ukuba senze ngaphakathi kwelabi. Ichibi iToba liyintandokazi yabahambi bebhajethi .
Ukufikelela eSatatra
Inqaku elibalulekileyo kakhulu lokungena kubahambi abahambela iSumatra yiMedan. ISatatra ixhunywe ngeKualanamu Internationakl Airport (ikhowudi ye-moya: KNO) . Isikhumulo sezindiza esitsha samazwe ngamazwe sithatha indawo yePolonia International Airport ngoJulayi 2013.
Akukho zithuthi ezihamba ngqo phakathi kweNyakatho Melika kunye neSatatra. Uninzi lweenqwelo-moya zidibanisa neKuala Lumpur, eSingapore, okanye ezinye iindawo zase-Indonesia. Abahambi abavela eUnited States bafanele bakhuphe kwi-hub enkulu efana neBangkok okanye yaseSingapore baze bathathe i-hop yebhajethi engabizi ukuya eMedan. Iindwendwe zokuya naseBali nazo zilula ukuzifumana.
Kubahambi abafuna ukuhlola i-West Sumatra, iPadang (ikhowudi yesikhumulo sezindiza: iPGG) yona ngongoma yokungena. Ukusuka apho, abantu abaninzi bahamba iiyure ezimbalwa ezisentla baza basebenzisa idolophu encinci yaseBukittinggi njengesiseko sokuhlola ummandla. Abaqhubi beentlanzi baya kwintshona kwiiMentawai Islands kufuphi nxweme.
ISatatra enkulu, inkulu kakhulu. Imigwaqo ekhuni kunye nokuqhuba ukuqhubela kwendle kungaba nzima kakhulu kubahambi. Cinga ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe ibhasi ye-20 phakathi kweNyakatho yeStatra ne-West Sumatra kunokuba uthathe indiza engabizi. Kwakhona, cwangcisa ixesha elongezelelweyo ixesha elide - kokubili ukuphumla kunye neentsuku zokuhlawula - ukuba unenjongo yokuphonononga ngaphaya kommandla omnye weStatra uhambo.
IiNdawo eziThambileyo kwiSatatra
- Ichibi iToba: iPulau Samosir , isiqithi, siphakame phakathi kwelikhulu elikhulu le-volcanic lake. Ichibi lilungele ukuphumla, imisebenzi ye-adventure , kunye nokufunda ngekcubeko laseBatak elifumaneka apho. I-Tuk-tuk ligama lelokhenketho kwiPulau Samosir.
- I-Bukit Lawang: Ilali elincinane, umlambo ongasemfuleni isiseko esiqhelekileyo sokuhlola i-Gunung Leuser National Park, ukukhetha okuqhelekileyo ukuhamba kwinqanaba elifutshane okanye elide ukuze ubone ama-orangutan asendle kunye naso.
- Gunung Sibayak: Ukusebenzisa idolophu yaseBergagi njengesiseko, abaqhubi banokunyuka ngaphakathi kwinqanaba laseGunung Sibayak , i-volcano elula yeSomatra. Kodwa musa ukukhohliswa: iGunung Sibayak usalokhu lukhuni. Iigesi eziphezulu ezixinzelelekileyo kunye nokupheka kwemifula ecaleni kwendlela zikhumbuza ukuba i-volcano isasebenza!
- I-Gunung Sinabung: Ummelwane waseSibayak, uGunung Sinabung, wambi wathatha iiyure ezili-12 ukunyuka, kodwa kuye kwaqhutyelwa ukuqhuma kwe-2013! I-volcano yayidle iminyaka engama-400 ngaphambi kokuqhuma ngokungalindelekanga nokunyanzelisa ukukhutshwa.
- I-Gunung Marapi: I -volcano enkulu esebenzayo ye-West Sumatra inokunyuka kwiiyure ezili-10 ubuya, kodwa kulukhuni!
- I-Gunung Kerinci: Ifumaneka phakathi kwe-West Sumatra kunye neSouth Sumatra, iNtaba iKerinci yintaba ephezulu e-Indonesia. Uzakufuna uninzi lwamandla kunye nesikhokelo sokujongana nalo.
- ILake Maninjau: Ukuba ukukhuphuka kweentaba-mlilo kuninzi okanye ufuna nje ukuphuka, iLake Maninjau enkulu eWest Sumatra yindawo ephumlileyo yokuphumla kwaye ujabulele intlanzi.
Ngaphambi kokungena kwiindawo zasendle zaseSumatra, kufuneka ukwazi ukhuseleko lokuhamba kwendawo kunye nendlela yokuphepha ukukhwa kweembongolo - uya kuhlangana nokuningi eSomatra.
Ingxaki ye-Palm Oil eSumatra
Khangela iifestile ngexesha lakho lokufikelela kumhlaba eSomatra. Uza kubona amahlumela esundu anesicatshulwa esitshixa ngeekhilomitha nganye. Bangabonakala bengcono kunezityalo zasezidolophini, kodwa bafaka ingxaki enkulu yendalo.
I-Sumatra kunye ne- Borneo akhawunti engaphezulu kwesigama sayo yonke ioli yesundu eveliswa kwihlabathi. Ezi ziqithi ezimbini zibanjelwa kukungqothulwa kwamahlathi okugqithiseleyo emhlabeni - kunzima kunokuba i-Amazon ihlasele ingxaki. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, iindlela zokulima kunye nokutshisa izityalo zezolimo zikhulu kakhulu eSomatra, zenza ukongeza okongeziweyo kwindleko yokushisa i-greenhouse yonyaka. Umsi wonyaka uqhuba ukunyusa u-Kuala Lumpur naseSingapore, obangela imiphumo yempilo kunye nezoqoqosho.
Nangona ioli ye-palm eqhubekayo yinto entle, ininzi iveliswa ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuba ingaqinisekiswa ngenye indlela. Ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso esebenzisa ioli ye-palm yexabiso elincinci kunokuphela kwethemba leSatatra.
Ioli yepilisi ayikuphela kokupheka; isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-SLS (i-laureth sulfate ye-sodium) kunye neziphumo ezithatha isepha, ama-shampoos, ama-toothpastes kunye nemveliso eyahlukeneyo. Ioli yepilisi isetyenziselwa njengendawo ye-biofuel ekuncediseni uphethiloli, naphezu kokungasebenzi kakuhle.
Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi okungalawulwayo eSomatra kuye kwanyusa iintlobo ezininzi ezinobungozi njengama-tigers, i-orangutan, i-rhinos, kunye neendlovu ezikufutshane nokuphela.