Umntu wokuqala waseYurophu ukutyelela loo ndawo wayengumhloli wase-Dutch u-Abel Tasman ngo-1643. Umqhubi waseNgilani uJames Cook wabuyela ngommandla ngo-1774. Umntu oqhelekileyo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukufumanisa" kweFiji nguKaputeni uWilliam Bligh, owahamba ngeFiji ngo-1789 kunye no-1792 emva kwe- HMS Bounty .
IXesha le-19 leminyaka yayiyixesha elixakekayo kwiziqithi zaseFiji.
Abantu baseYurophu bokuqala ukuba bafike eFiji babesweleka iinqanawa kunye nabasemagunyeni abasuka kwii-coloni zaseBritani e-Australia. Kwakuphakathi kweentente-zintathu zafika kwiiqithi kwaye zaqala ukuguqulwa kwabantu baseFijiya kumaKristu.
Le minyaka ibonakaliswe yimibutho yezopolitiko enegazi elibangelwa ngamagosa aseFijian. Owona obalaseleyo phakathi kwale nkokeli yayinguRatu Seru Cakobau, inkosi ephakamileyo yempuma yeViti Levu. Ngo-1854 uCakobau waba ngumkhokheli wokuqala weFijiya ukuba amkele ubuKrestu.
Iminyaka yemfazwe yenkcubeko yaphela ngexesha elithile ngo-1865, xa kuhlanganiswa ukuhlanganisana kwemibuso yasekuhlaleni kunye nomgaqo-siseko wokuqala weFiji waqulunqwa waza watyikitywa ngabaphathi abazimeleyo baseFiji. UCakobau ukhethwe ngumongameli iminyaka emibili ngokulandelelana, kodwa udibaniselwano lwawa phantsi xa umphathi wakhe oyintloko, umphathi waseTongan ogama linguMa'afu, efuna uongameli ngo-1867.
Ukuxhamla kwezombusazwe kunye nokungazinzi, kwaqhutyelwa impembelelo yasentshona.
Ngowe-1871, ngenkxaso yama-Yurophu angama-2000 e-Fiji, eCakobau yamemezelwa ukumkani kwaye urhulumente wesizwe wasungulwa eLevuka. Urhulumente wakhe, nangona kunjalo, wabhekana neengxaki ezininzi kwaye akazange amkeleke kakuhle. Ngo-Oktobha 10, 1874, emva kweentlanganiso zeenkosana ezinamandla kunene, iFiji yaxhunyaniswa kunye ne-United Kingdom.
UMthetho we siNgesi
Igosa lokuqala likaFiji phantsi kolawulo lwaseBrithani nguSir Arthur Gordon. Imigaqo-nkqubo ka-Sir Arthur kwakufuneka ibeke isigaba seFiji ekhoyo namhlanje. Ngomgudu wokulondoloza abantu kunye nenkcubeko yeFiji, uSir Arthur wayeka ukuthengiswa kwelizwe laseFijiya kubantu abangewona amaFiji. Kwakhona waqalisa inkqubo yokulawulwa kwemimandla eyalunxwemeni eyenza ukuba amaFijiya asekuhlaleni athethe kakhulu kwimicimbi yabo. Kwaqulunqwa ibhunga leenkundla ukucebisa urhulumente kwimicimbi ephathelele abantu basekuhlaleni.
Ngomgudu wokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, uSir Arthur wamisela inkqubo yezolimo kwiziqithi zaseFiji. Wayenamava adlulileyo kunye nenkqubo yokulima njengothuluneli waseTrinidad neMauritius. Urhulumente wamema i-Australian Colonial Sugar Refining Company ukuvula imisebenzi eFiji, eyenziwa ngo-1882. Inkampani yasebenza eFiji de kube ngu-1973.
Ukuze kunikezwe abasebenzi abancinci abangabasebenzi bomhlaba, urhulumente wabheka kwi-colony yaseIndiya. Ukususela ngo-1789 ukuya ku-1916 amaNdiya angaphezu kwama-60,000 athathwe kwiFiji njengabasebenzi abangenayo. Namhlanje, inzala yabasebenzi yenza i-44% yabantu baseFiji. Iakhawunti yaseThujiya malunga ne-51% yabemi.
Abanye abanye baseTshayina, baseYurophu, nakwezinye iziqithi zasePacific.
Ukususela ekupheleni kweminyaka ye-1800 ukuya kuma-1960, iFiji yahlala yintlupheko ehlukeneyo ngokukhethekileyo, ngokubhekiselele kwiimeko zezopolitiko. AmaFiji, amaNdiya kunye namaYurophu onke akhethiweyo okanye akhetha abameli bawo kwibhunga lomthetho.
Ukuzimela kunye Neengxabano
Ukunyakaza kokuzimela kwezo-1960 akuzange kusinde kwiziqithi zaseFiji. Nangona kwakunexesha elide lifuna ukuba uhulumeni ngokwakhe azixhathise, intetho eFiji naseLondon ekugqibeleni yabangela ukuzimela kwezopolitiko kwiFiji ngo-Oktobha 10, 1974.
Iminyaka yokuqala yokuqala yeRiphabhulikhi entsha yaqhubeka ibona urhulumente ohlukeneyo ngokobuhlanga, kunye neQumrhu eliManyeneyo eliLawulayo elilawulwe yiTijian. Uxinzelelo oluvela kwimithombo yamanzi yangaphakathi nangaphandle luye lwabangela ukubunjwa kweQumrhu leZabasebenzi ngo-1985, apho, ngokubambisana kunye ne-Indian National Federation Party, laphumelela ukhetho luka-1987.
Kodwa ke, iFiji, yayingeke ibaleke ngokukhawuleza idluli layo elidlulileyo. Urhulumente omtsha wanyuswa ngokukhawuleza emkhosini. Emva kwexesha lokuxoxisana kunye neengxabano zomphakathi, urhulumente onobuhlanga ubuyele emagunyeni ngo-1992 phantsi komgaqo-siseko omtsha onzima kakhulu ngenxa yeninzi yabantu.
Noko ke, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi nolwamanye amazwe, lukhokelela ekutyunjweni kwekhomishini emele ngo-1996. Le khomishoni yaphakamisa omnye umgaqo-siseko omtsha owawwamkelwa unyaka kamva. Lo mgaqo-siseko unikezelwa ukuqatshelwa kwamanqaku amancinci kunye nokusekwa kwekhabhinethi yamanyeneyo.
U-Mahendra Chaudhry wayefungile njengoNkulumbuso, waza waba ngowokuqala uNdunankulu wase-Fiji wase-Indo-Fijian. Ngelishwa, kwakhona kwakhona umthetho wabantu wawuphilileyo.
Ngomhla we-Meyi 19, 2000, iiyunithi zamabutho aphakamileyo kunye nabarhwebi bezobuhlanga ezikhokelwa ngumphathi-shishini uGeorge Speight bathatha amandla ngokuxhasa isiGqeba esiPhambili seNtloko, inhlangano engekhe ikhethiweyo yamakhosi omhlaba. I-Chaudry kunye nekhabhinethi yakhe babanjwe kwiintlanganiso eziliqela.
Inkxalabo ye-2000 yapheliswa ngongenelelo lomlawuli wenkosi yempi uPrank Bainimarama, waseFijian wasekuhlaleni. Ngenxa yoko, i-Chaudry yaphoqeleka ukuba ishiye phantsi. Intetho yagqitywa ekugqibeleni. I-Laisenia Qarase, kunye ne-Fijian yomthonyama yanyulwa ngokutsha ngunkulumbuso.
Emva kweeveki zokuxhatshazwa kunye nosongelo lokuphanga, imikhosi yaseFijiya, iphinda iphantsi komyalelo we-Commodore Frank Bainimarama ngokubamba amandla ngoLwesibili, ngo-Disemba 5, 2006 ekubhikeni kwegazi. I-Bainimarama ixoshe uNdunankulu uKarase kwaye ithatha igunya likaMongameli kuMongameli uRatu Joseph Iloilo ngesithembiso sokuba uza kuphinda abuyele i-Iloilo amandla kunye noorhulumente ongumqeshi omtsha.
Nangona iiBhainimarama kunye neKarase zizalelwa ngamaFijiya, ngokuqinisekileyo ukukhwabanisa kubangelwa iziphakamiso zeKarase eziza kuxhamla amaThijiya asekuhlaleni ukuba abonakalise abantu abancinci, ngokukodwa amaNdiya angamaYuda. I-Bainimarama iphikisana nezi ziphakamiso njengento engenakulungelelanisa nakwiimfuno ezincinci. Njengoko i-CNN ibike "Umkhosi unomsindo urhulumente ohambelayo ukuzisa umthetho oya kubanika uxolo kubo bachaphazelekayo (2000). Ukuchasana namabhinqa amabini athi uBaimimarama uthi ngokungamkelekiyo inkululeko yabantu abaninzi baseFijiya kumalungelo omhlaba kwilizwe elincinane laseIndiya. . "
Unyulo jikelele lwenzeka ngo-17 kuSeptemba 2014. I-Bainimarama yeFijiIqela lokuqala laphumelela ngo-59.2% wevoti, kwaye unyulo lwabonakala lunokwethenjelwa liqela lababonisi bamazwe ngamazwe ase-Australia, e-India nase-Indonesia.
Uhambo lweFiji namhlanje
Nangona kwimbali yezopolitiko kunye neengxabano zobuhlanga, ebudlelane nama-3500 iminyaka, iziqithi zaseFiji ziye zahlala zihamba phambili . Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokucwangcisa i-visi t yakho. Isiqithi sigcwele izithethe kunye namasiko amaninzi. Kubalulekile ke ke, ukuba iindwendwe zilandela ikhowudi yokugqoka efanelekileyo ne-etiquette .
Abantu baseFiji baziwa njengabanomdla kunye nabamkelekileyo kwiindawo ezisemzantsi i-Pacific. Nangona abahlali besiqithi bengavumelani kwimicimbi emininzi, bahlala bephela ekuqapheliseni ukubaluleka kwezorhwebo kwezokhenketho kwixesha elizayo. Enyanisweni, kuba ukhenketho luye lwahlupheka ngenxa yenkxwaleko yeminyaka yakutshanje, iindawo ezihamba phambili zokuhamba zifumaneka. Kubahambi abanqwenela ukusinda kwinani elikhulu labakhenkethi abavame ukufumana kwenye indawo eSouth Pacific, iFiji iyindawo ehamba phambili.
Ngo-2000 phantse iindwendwe ezingama-300 000 zafika kwiziqithi zaseFiji. Nangona iziqithi zizinye zeendawo ezikhethiweyo zeeholide kubemi baseOstreliya naseNew Zealand, abavakalisi abangaphezu kwama-60,000 bafika bevela eMelika naseCanada.
Resources Online
Izixhobo ezininzi zifumaneka kwi-intanethi ukukunceda ekucwangciseni ikhefu kwiziqithi zaseFiji. Iindwendwe ezithe tye zifanele ukutyelela kwiWebhsayithi esemthethweni yeFiji Visitors Bureau apho ungabhalisela khona uluhlu lwabo lokuposa oluquka ama-hot deals kunye nee-specials. I-Fiji Times inikezela ngokukhawuleza kwimozulu yezopolitiko ezikhoyo ezi ziqithi.
Nangona iNgesi ihlala ilwimi lwaseburhulumenteni yaseFiji, ulwimi lwaseFijian lwalesi siqhelo lugcinwa kwaye luthethwa ngokubanzi. Ngaloo ndlela, xa utyelela iFiji, ungamangalisi xa umntu ehamba kuwe kwaye athi "bula ( mbula )" oku kuthetha u-hello kunye ne "vinaka wali levu (vee naka wali layvoo)" oku kuthetha ukubulela njengoko babonisa ukuxabisa ngokukhetha kwakho ukutyelela ilizwe labo.