Imvelaphi yePearl Harbour
Kwakuyimizi yaseHawaii eyayibizwa ngokuba yiPearl Harbour indawo, "Wai Momi," elithetha "Amanzi eParele". Kwakhona kwabizwa ngokuba yi "Pu'uloa". IPearl Harbour yayiyindlu yodadekazi ka-shark uKa'ahupahau kunye nomntakwabo (okanye unyana) uKa'uka. Bathi oothixo bahlala emqolombeni ekungeneni kwePearl Harbour kwaye balinde amanzi ngokubhekisele kwi-sharks.
U-Ka'ahupahau kuthiwa uzalwe ngumzali wabantu kodwa ukuba utshintshe ube ngu-shark.
Abo boothixo babenobuntu kumntu kwaye kuthiwa abantu base-Ewa ababekhuselekileyo baya kugcina iminyango yabo ihlambulukile. Abadala baxhomekeke kuKaahupahau ukukhusela amanxweme amaninzi eentlanzi ezivela kubangaphakathi.
I-harbor yayihlala ihamba ngeeyile ze-pearl-producing until the late 1800. Kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokufika kukaCaptain James Cook, iPearl Harbor yayingathathwa njengesiqithi esifanelekileyo ngenxa ye-bar coral ephazamisa ukungena kwesiThutho.
I-United States Ifumana Amalungelo Akhethekileyo kwiPearl Harbour
Njengengxenye yesivumelwano sokubuyisana phakathi kweUnited States of America kunye noBukumkani baseHawaii ngo-1875 njengoNgezelelweyo yiNdibano ngomhla kaDisemba 6, 1884 waza wavunyelwa ngo-1887, iUnited States yafumana amalungelo athile ePearl Harbor njengenxalenye yesivumelwano sokuvumela iswekile yaseHawaii ukungena e-United States.
Imfazwe yaseSpain yaseMelika (1898) kunye nemfuneko yokuba iUnited States ibe nobukho obungapheliyo ePacific zombini ifake isandla kwisigqibo sokususa iHawaii.
Ukulandela isihlomelo, umsebenzi waqalisa ukutshatyalala ishaneli kunye nokuphucula i-harbor ekusebenziseni iinqanawa ezinkulu zeenqanawa. I-Congress inikwe igunya lokudala isiseko samanxweme ePearl Harbour ngo-1908. Ngowe-1914 ezinye iziseko zezindlu zaseMelika zaseMarines kunye nabasebenzi baseMpiya zakhiwa kwindawo eseParearl Harbour.
Iinqanawa ze-Schofield, ezakhiwe ngo-1909 ukuya kwindlu yokukhwela iinqwelo, amahhashi kunye neeyunithi zamabhinqa zaba likhulu lezithuba zaso.
I-Pearl Harbour iyakhula 1919 - 1941
Umsebenzi wokwandisa kwiPearl Harbour kwakungekho, kodwa, ngaphandle kokuphikisana. Xa kwakhiwa ukwakhiwa ngo-1909 kwinqanaba lokuqala elomileyo, abaninzi abantu baseHawaii basemzini bavutha.
Ngokomxholo wongxowa onobunzima ahlala emaphandleni e-coral phantsi kwesiza. Kuye kwaqhambuka ukutsalwa kwezakhiwo ezomileyo ezakhiwa yiinjineli "ukuphazamiseka kwemimoya" kodwa abemi baseHawaii baqiniseke ukuba nguThixo onobunzima owakrakra. Iinjineli zicebise icebo elitsha kwaye i-kahuna yabizwa ukuba idambise unkulunkulu. Ekugqibeleni, emva kweminyaka yeengxaki zokwakha, i-dock eyomileyo yavulwa ngo-Agasti ka-1919.
Ngowe-1917 i-Ford Island ephakathi kwePearl Harbour yathengwa ukuba isebenzise i-Army kunye ne-Navy usetyenziso lwezemidlalo. Kwiminyaka emibini elandelayo, njengoko ubukho baseJapan kwihlabathi njengombutho omkhulu wamashishini kunye nomkhosi waqala ukukhula, iUnited States yaqala ukugcina iinqanawa zayo ePearl Harbour.
Ukongezelela, ubukho boMkhosi babuye banda. Njengoko i-navy ithatha ulawulo olupheleleyo lwe-Ford Island, i-Army yayidinga isiseko esitsha kwisikhululo sayo se-Air Corp ePacific, ngaloo ndlela ukwakhiwa kweHickam Field kwaqala ngo-1935 ngeendleko ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-15.
IPHEPHA ELILANDELAYO - iPacific Fleet Isekwe ePearl Harbour
Xa imfazwe eYurophu yaqalisa ukuthukuthela kunye nokuxhatshazwa phakathi kweJapan kunye ne-United States yaqhubeka ikwandisa, kwenziwa isigqibo sokubamba i-1940 yemikhosi yokuqhuba iinqanawa kwiindawo zaseHawaii. Ukulandela loo misebenzi, i-fleet yahlala ePearl. Ngomhla kaFebruwari 1, 1941 iUnited States Fleet yahlelwa kwakhona kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo zeAtlantic nePacific.
I-Pacific Fleet esanda kuqulunqwa yayisisigxina kwiPearl Harbor.
Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwenzelwa iseshini kwaye ngo-1941, yonke i-fleet yayikwazi ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi akhuselekileyo ePearl Harbor, into engayithobeli umyalelo wezempi waseJapan.
Isigqibo sokuseka iPacific Fleet entsha ePearl, yatshintsha ngonaphakade ubuso beHawaii. Bobabini abasebenzi basekuhlaleni nabasemagunyeni babanda kakhulu. Iiprojekthi zokhuseleko ezintsha zithetha imisebenzi emitsha kwaye abasebenzi abayiwaka bafudukela kwindawo ye-Honolulu ukusuka kwilizwe. Iintsapho zaseMelika zaba liqela elikhulu kwiinkcubeko ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseHawaii.
Ihlabathi elingafaniyo namhlanje
Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-60 ukususela ekuhlaselweni kweJapan kwiPearl Harbour, eHawaii kwaphawula ukungena kwe-United States kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Izinto ezininzi zatshintshile kwihlabathi ukususela ngoDisemba 7, 1941. Ihlabathi liye labona ezinye iimfazwe eziliqela - iKorea, iVietnam kunye neNkqantosi yaseDester. Ubuso bonke bomhlaba, njengokuba sazi ngo-1941, utshintshile.
ISoviet Union ayikho. I-China iye yakhula ibe yimeko yombuso wehlabathi njengoko ilanga libekwe kwiBukumkani baseBrithani.
IHawaii isizwe sama-50 kunye nabantu baseJapane ukuzalwa kunye neengcambu zasemaphandleni zihlala ndawonye ngoxolo. Ubukhulu bezoqoqosho baseHawaii namhlanje buxhomekeka kakhulu kwizokhenketho ezivela eJapan nase-United States.
Nangona kunjalo, kwakungeyona ihlabathi ngoDisemba 7, 1941. Ngokuqhuma kweBearl Harbor, iJapan yaba lutshaba lwe-United States. Emva kweminyaka engama-mane yemfazwe, kunye nabaninzi abafile emacaleni omabini, ii-Allies zanqoba kwaye iJapane neJamani zahlala zichithekile.
IJapan, nangona kunjalo, njengeJamani, ibuye yomelele ngakumbi kunaphambili. Namhlanje, iJapan iyintsebenziswano ye-United States kunye nelinye lamashishini ethu amakhulu. Nangona kukho iingxaki zezoqoqosho zakutshanje, iJapan ihlala ingamandla oqoqosho kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo amandla amakhulu ehlabathi kwiphondo lasePacific.
Isizathu Sokuba Sikhumbule
Uhlala ke, nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wethu wokuziphatha kwabo bafa kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ukukhumbula oko kwenzeka ngeloCawa ekuseni malunga neminyaka engama-60 edlulileyo. Siyakhumbula amajoni ama-Allied kunye nama-Axis, izigidi zabantu abangenacala abangabalandeli abalahlekelwa ubomi babo kumacala onke, kubandakanywa negazi laseHawaii elafa ngenxa yokuba umhlaba wabo, ngenxa yengozi yemvelo, bekujoliswe kuko indawo ePacific.
Siyakhumbula ukuba sinokuqiniseka ukuba akuyi kuphinda iphinde iphinde ibuye kwakhona, ngakumbi ngakumbi, hleze sikhohlwe umhlatshelo wale abo bafa ukuze baqinisekise inkululeko.
Siyakumema ukuba ufunde isiphelo sale nxalenye "Akunakwenzeka ukuba siyibale: iPearl Harbor - Disemba 7, 1941" .
Esi siphelweni sibonakala ngokufutshane kwiinyanga emva kokuhlaselwa. Siyicinga ukuba imbali ihlala isekelwe njani kwimbono yomcimbi wesiganeko. Emva koko sijonge ngokukhawuleza ekuhlaseleni ngokwayo kwaye ekugqibeleni sihlolisisa zombini iimpembelelo zayo kunye nehlala njalo eHawaii.