Ukhuselekile
Ukho kwinqwelo-moya esuka kwindawo ye-A ukuya kwindawo ye-B kwaye eyona yenzeka kakhulu - ngelishwa, omnye wabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ekufeni kwakho, njengokuba kwenzeke kwi-American Airlines ukusuka ePhoenix ukuya eBoston. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Kuzo zonke iziganeko, ukuxakeka kwimeko yokukhawuleza kubhengezwa kwaye umqhubi oseleyo usethabatha ukusebenza kwendiza.
Into yokuqala ekhunjulwayo kukuba zombini umphathi kunye negosa lokuqala lifanelekile kwaye baqeqeshwe ukuba baqhube i-aircraft yedwa xa kunxunguphako.
Umthetheli unomgangatho, kodwa bobabini abaqhubi baqhubela ngokulinganayo kwimisebenzi yabo yendiza, kubandakanywa ukususwa kunye nokuhlaselwa.
Kodwa kwimeko yongxamiseko eyenza umenzi ongeyiphutha, umqhubi oseleyo unokufuna umntu kwisihlalo esifanelekileyo ukuba ancede ngezinto ezinjengeencwadi zokuhlola, ukubeka imisebenzi eyenzekayo ngexesha lokuhamba kwendiza. Umgcini wendiza uza kwenza isimemezelo ukuba abuze ukuba kukho umqhubi webhodi.
Kungenzeka ukuba umqhubi worhwebo ohamba ngeenqwelo zokuhamba njengomgibeli wayeya kubaleka, kwaye uya kungena kwi-cockpit ukuze ancede umqhubi osele emsebenzini. Ukuba akukho mqhubi wezorhwebo okhoyo, kuya kuba nekholo kunoma ubani onesiqinisekiso somqhubi. Ukuba oko akunjalo, umgcini wendiza wayeza kuhlala esihlalweni sokunene, enikwe uqeqesho oluthile lokusingatha uxinzelelo.
I-crew yokuhlala yendiza ekhuselekileyo ingayilungiselela ukufika ngokukhawuleza, ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba elide lokuya kuyo.
Imigaqo ye-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) yachitshiyelwa ngoJanuwari 15, 2002, eyayiza kwenza umncedisi wendiza ukuba angene kwi-cockpit ukuba omnye wabaqhubi bee-pilot aguquke. Iimfuno zokusebenza ezifumaneka kwi-ยง 121.313 ziye zahlonyelwa ngoJanuwari 15, 2002, ukuba zifune ukuba nganye i-airline iqulunqe iindlela ezenza umncedisi wendiza angene kwi-cockpit xa kwenzeka ukuba umqhubi angakwazi ukukhubazeka.
Oku akusihlandlo lokuqala oku kwenzekile. Ngo-2009, umthetheli ohamba ngeenqwelo zeenqwelo-moya ze- Boeing 777 ze- Continental Airlines ezivela eNewark, eNew Jersey, waya eBrussels, eBelgium, wafa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo e-cockpit kwaye abaqhubi beefayili bathatha uhambo emva kokuba ugqirha ongekho nako ukuvuselela umphathi . Uhambo lwaqhubeka lwaza lwafika ngaphandle kwesiganeko eBrussels, kunye nabagibeli ababenabo bulumko baze bahambe indiza.
Emuva ngo-2007, elinye i-Continental Airlines ukusuka e-Houston ukuya ePuerto Vallarta, eMexico, yenze indawo yokuphuthuma kwexesha elingxamisekileyo eMcAllen, eTexas, emva kokuba umthetheli efile ekulawuleni. Ngo-2012, umphathi welizwe laseCzech Republic i-flag ye-flag ye-CSA Czech Airlines yafa ngexesha le-flight kwi-ATR turboprop esuka eWarsaw, ePoland, ePrague, apho yafika ngokukhuselekileyo.
Kwaye ngo-2013, indiza ye-United Airlines ye-Boeing 737 ejikelezayo esuka eHouston ukuya eSepttle yachithwa eBoise, i-Idaho emva kokuba umphathi-ntombi abe nesifo senhliziyo kwi-cockpit. Oogqirha ebhodini bazama ukumnceda, kodwa kamva wafa esibhedlele sendawo.
Emva kokuphahlazeka kwendiza yaseColgan Air ngaphandle kweBuffalo, eNew York, ngowama-2009, ii-FAA zazifuna ukuba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya baqhube i-Airline Transport Pilot (ATP) kunye ne-1,500 iiyure zokuhamba.
I-arhente ngoku ifuna abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ukuba babe no-1000 njenge-airline yokuqala yegosa ngaphambi kokuhamba njengomphathi.
Ekugqibeleni, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ze-US zorhwebo-nokuba ngaba ngabaphathi okanye abaphathi bokuqala-baneeminyaka zokuqeqeshwa kunye namawaka amava ngamava, ngoko kwiimeko ezinqabileyo xa umntu efa kwi-cockpit, bafaneleke ngokufanelekileyo ukuba baqhube indiza ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kwesiganeko, ngoko abagibeli kufuneka bazive bekhuselekile xa behamba.