Ngokuzalwa kweRiphabliki yasePeru ngo-1821, urhulumente wasePeruvia osandul 'ukuzimela waguqula isizwe sakwa-colonial administrations kwiimimandla ezisibhozo. Ngethuba lexesha, ukunyusa ukwanda kwe-centralization kunye ne-push push towards regionalization kukukhuthaza ukudala ezinye iinkalo zolawulo. Ngama-1980, i-Peru yahlulwa ngamasebe angama-24 kunye nephondo elikhethekileyo, iPhondo loMgaqo-siseko weCallao.
Nangona kuqhutywe phambili ngonaphakade kunye nokutsalwa kwezopolitiki zasePeruvia-kuquka ukuzama ukulungelelanisa imida yolawulo lwesizwe - iiperu eziphambili zePeru zihlala zingatshintshi.
Namhlanje, i-Peru inemihlaba ye-25 yolawulo (kuquka neCallao) elawulwa oorhulumente besithili: i- gobiernos regionales . Le mimandla yasePeru isaziwa ngokuba ngamasebe ( departamentos ); ngalinye isebe lihlukaniswe kumaphondo nakwizithili.
Kuba amagama anikwe amaPeru azalwe kwiidolophu ezithile nakwimimandla, funda iindimoni zePeru.
Iingingqi zoLawulo zaseNorthern Peru
Umntla wePeru usekhaya kula maseba asibhozo anesibini (kunye namagosa aseburhulumenteni kwiibakaki):
- Tumbes (Tumbes)
- Piura (Piura)
- Lambayeque (Chiclayo)
- ULibertad ( iTrujillo )
- Cajamarca (Cajamarca)
- I-San Martin ( Moyobamba )
- Amazonas (Chachapoyas)
- Loreto (Iquitos)
I-Loreto liSebe eliphambili ePeru, kodwa linesiqingatha se sibini esiphantsi koluntu .
Ingingqi enkulu yeJungle yiyona kuphela isebe lasePeruvia eliza kubelana nomda kunye namazwe amathathu: Ecuador, eColombia naseBrazil.
Inxweme esenyakatho yePeru yindlu yezinto ezininzi ezinqabileyo zesizwe kwangaphambili kwe-Inca, ngokukodwa kumasebe aseLa Libertad naseLambayeque. Intloko yelizwe esuka eC Chiclayo kwaye uya kufinyelela kwi-Amazonas isebe, emva kokuba ubukhosi beChapopoyas (kunye nekhaya laseKelaelap ).
Umzila omkhulu ongasentshonalanga ukuya empumalanga uqhubeka ufikelela eTarapoto kwisebe laseSan Martin, apho uhamba khona ukuya eYurimaguas ngaphambi kokuba ugibele isikebhe ukuya eIquitos, i-capital-jungle capital of Loreto.
Amasebe aseMntla ePeru athola abavakhenkethi abancinci kunabasezantsi, kodwa urhulumente wasePeru uceba ukukhuthaza nokuphuhlisa ukhenketho kulo mmandla othandekayo.
Iingingqi zoLawulo zasePentral Peru
Amasebe asixhenxe alandelayo asePentral Peru:
- Ancash (Huaraz)
- Lima
- Callao (Callao)
- Huánuco (Huánuco)
- Pasco (Cerro de Pasco)
- Junín (Huancayo)
- Ucayali (Pucallpa)
Naphezu kwemizamo yokunikezelwa kwemisebenzi, zonke iindlela zikhokelela eLima. Idolophini yasezidolophini yasePeru yelizwe lihlala kwikarhulumente yelizwe kunye nepesenti enkulu yabantu basePeru, kunye neyona ndawo ephezulu yezoshishino kunye nezothutho. ICallao, ngoku iqhutywe yiLima Metropolitan Area enkulu kunye nokulala ngaphakathi kwisebe laseLima, igcina ulawulo lwayo lwengingqi kunye nesihloko soMthetho-siseko weCallao.
Intloko empuma esuka eLima kwaye ngokukhawuleza uhlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezinqatyisiweyo zasePentral Peru, ikhaya elikulo dolophu ephakamileyo yelizwe, iCroro de Pasco (ephakathi kwama-14 200 ngaphezulu kwezinga elwandle, ngoko ulungiselele ukugula okuphezulu ).
Kwisebe le-Ancash, okwangoku, libala phezulu kwePeru, i-Nevado Huascaran.
Ukusa kwimpuma yeCentral Peru liSebe elikhulu laseCayayali, ummandla waseJungle ogwazwe nguMlambo u-Ucayali. Inkulu yeSebe, i-Pucallpa, isixeko esikhulu sothutho apho iinqanawa zisuka khona kwiIquitos nangaphezulu.
Iingingqi zoLawulo zaseMzantsi Peru
I-Peru yaseMzantsi iqulethwe ngamasebe alandelayo:
- Ica (Ica)
- IHuancavelica (iHuancavelica)
- Ayacucho (Ayacucho)
- Apurímac (Abancay)
- Arequipa (Arequipa)
- Moquegua (Moquegua)
- Tacna (Tacna)
- Cusco (Cusco)
- Puno (Puno)
- Madre de Dios (ePoland Maldonado)
I-Peru yaseMzantsi Peru yindawo yezokhenketho yesizwe. ISebe leCusco liyilo lokubaluleka kubakhenkethi basekuhlaleni nakwamanye amazwe, kunye nomzi waseCusco (owayengumkhulu we-Inca) kunye noMachu Picchu udweba kwizihlwele.
I-classic "i-gringo" yendlela yePeruya ijikeleze ngokupheleleyo kumasebe asezantsi, kwaye iquka indawo eyaziwayo njengeNazca Lines (isebe le-Ica), isixeko se-Arequipa kunye neLake Titicaca (isebe lasePuno).
Kwintshona-ntshona (kunye nokwabelana nomda kunye neBrazil kunye neBolivia) i-Madre de Dios, isebe elinobunzima bemihlali ePeru. Kuya kusezantsi kusele isebe laseTacna, isango eliya eChile.