Ngaliphi na indlela yokugubha iMthendeleko enkulu kakhulu yeKerala, i-Onam
U-Onam ngumthendeleko weshumi lomhla wokuvuna ophawula ukuhlaziywa kweNkosi yaseMahabali. Yibhiyozo ecebileyo kwenkcubeko kunye nelifa.
Uphi na i-Onam?
I-Onam ibhiyozelwa ekuqaleni kweenyanga kaKingam, inyanga yokuqala yeKhalenda yeMalayalam (Kollavarsham). Ngo-2018, usuku olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-Onam (owaziwa ngokuthi nguThiru Onam) luye ngo-Agasti 25. Iimfundiso ziqala malunga neentsuku ezili-10 ngaphambi kweTehu Onam, kwi-Atham (ngo-Agasti 15).
Kukho iintsuku ezine ze-Onam. I-Onam yokuqala iya kuba ngo-Agasti 24, ngemini phambi koTehu Onam, ngoxa okwesine i-Onam iya kuba ngo-Agasti 27. Imikhosi ye-Onam iyaqhubeka kule mihla.
Fumana ukuba nini i-Onam kwiminyaka ezayo.
Uphi u-Onam ogujwa?
I-Onam ibhiyozelwa kwimeko yaseKerala, enyakatho yeIndiya. Ngumthendeleko omkhulu wonyaka apho. Imibhiyozo ephawulekayo eyenziwa eKochi, Trivandrum, eTrrissur, naseKottayam.
Ithempelini ye-Manamanorthy eThrikkakara (eyaziwayo njengeTrkkaraka tempile), ephakathi kweekhilomitha eziyi-15 kumntla-mpuma we-Ernakulam kufuphi naseKochi, ixhomekeke ngakumbi kwi-Onam Festival. Kukholelwa ukuba umthendeleko wawuvela kule tempile. Ithempeli linikezelwe kwiNkosi Lord Vamana, yesihlanu isilwanyana seNkosi Vishnu. Ingqungquthela inokuba iTrikkakara yayiyindawo yokuhlala yedemon eyiNkosi uMahabali, owayesithandwa kwaye unomusa. Ukulawula kwakhe kwacatshangwa njengexesha legolide leKerala.
Nangona kunjalo, oothixo baxhalabele ngamandla kaMongameli kunye nokuthandwa. Ngenxa yoko, kuthiwa iNkosi Lord Vamana ithumele uKumkani uMahabali ngenyawo, kwaye itempile ikhona kwindawo apho kwenzeka khona. UKumkani wabuza ukuba abuyele eKerala kanye ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bakhe basoloko bevuya, benondliwa kakuhle, kunye nomxholo.
INkosi Vamana yanikezela le nqwenela, kwaye uKumkani Mahabali uza kutyelela abantu bakhe kunye nomhlaba wakhe ngo-Onam.
Urhulumente karhulumente ubhiyozela iveki yezoKhenketho eKerala ngo-Onam. Uninzi lweenkcubeko zaseKerala luboniswa ngexesha lemikhosi.
U-Onam Ugujwa njani?
Abantu bahlobisa ngomhlaba phambi kwezindlu zabo ngeentyantyambo ezihlelwe ngamaphetheni amahle (pookalam) ukumkela uKumkani. Umthendeleko ugubha kunye nempahla emitsha, iintlanga ezenziwa ngamagqabi amabhanana, ukudansa, ezemidlalo, imidlalo kunye neentambo zeenqanawa zenyoka .
Joyina kwimibhiyozo kwezi 6 zoKhenketho zeKerala Onam .
Ziziphi izithethe ezenziwayo?
E-Atham, abantu baqala usuku kunye nokuhlamba okuqala, benze imithandazo, baqale ukudala imihlobiso yabo yeentyatyambo emhlabathini phambi kwezindlu zabo. Imihlobiso yeentyatyambo (ama- pookalams ) aqhubeka ngexesha le-10 ngosuku ekhokelela ku-Onam, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwe- pookalam luhlelwe yimibutho eyahlukeneyo.
Kwi tempile yaseTrikkakara, imithendeleko iqala kwiAtham eneemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokubamba iiflegi kwaye ziqhubeke iintsuku ezili-10 ngeenkcubeko, umculo, kunye nomdlalo wokudanisa. Ukugqwesa kukugqwesileyo omkhulu, i- pakalpooram , ngosuku olulandelayo ngaphambi koThiru Onam. Unkulunkulu ophezulu, uVamana, uqhutyelwa ngeenxa zonke kwindlovu, elandelwa liqela leendlovu ezigqithisiweyo.
Usuku ngalunye lwe-Onam lunomsebenzi walo, kwaye abaphathi beetempile benza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya oothixo kunye nabanye oothixo ababehlala ethempelini. Isithixo seNkosi Vamana sihlotshiswe ngesimo se-avatars ezi-10 zeNkosi Lord Vishnu kwiintsuku ezili-10 zomthendeleko.
Umthendeleko we-Athachamayam e-Tripunithura (kufuphi kufuphi ne-Ernakulam kwi-Kochi enkulu) ukhawuleza umkhosi we-Onam kwi-Atham. Kubonakala ukuba uMaharaja waseKochi wayesebenzisa ukuhamba ukusuka eTrununithura ukuya eThemkkaraka. Umthendeleko wosuku lwangoku ulandela ezinyathelweni zakhe. Iqukethe umzobo wesitalato kunye neendlovu ezihlotshisiwe kunye nezihamba, abaculi kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa beKerala.
Ukupheka okuninzi kwenzeka ngexesha le-Onam, ngokugqithiseleyo kube ngumthendeleko omkhulu othiwa nguOsadya . Iyakhonza ngosuku oluphambili lwe-Onam (Thiru Onam).
I-cooking iphezulu kwaye ihlukeneyo. Zama wena kwenye yeehotele ezifanelekileyo kwi-Trivandrum, ezinezikhundla kwixesha. Ngaphandle koko, u-Onasadya ukhonjwe imihla ngemihla kwiTekkkakara tempile. Amashumi amawaka abantu baya kulo mthendeleko ngosuku olusisiseko lwe-Onam.