01 ka 02
Iimfazwe Ngaphambi kokuzimela kwePeruvia
UJosé de San Martín uvakalisa ukuzimela kwePeru eLima, ngo-1821 (umculi: uJuan Lepiani). Urhulumente woluntu, i-Wikimedia Commons Ngexesha leMfazwe yePeninsular yaseYurophu ye-1807 ukuya ku-1814, ubukhosi baseSpain baqala ukulahlekelwa ukulawulwa kwamakoloni angaphandle. I-Napoleon neFransi zenze i-Spanish inzima; ukukhusela imida yasekhaya kwakubaluleke kakhulu kwiSpeyin, oko kwakuthetha ukuphelelwa yisikhathi ekulawuleni ukoloni. Kwiimakoloni zaseSpain zaseMelika, oku kwakuyimpumelelo yokulwa nokulawulwa kwintando kunye nokunyanzelisa ukuzimela.
Ngomnyaka we-1813, ababini beenkululeko ezinkulu zeMelika, uJosé de San Martín noSimón Bolívar, babesecaleni eliphambene nelizwekazi laseMzantsi Melika. I-San Martín yayiseArgentina, iholele abazalwana ngokumelene nemikhosi yobukhosi. I-Bolívar, okwangoku, yayiseVenezuela, eqhuba umzabalazo wokuzimela ngasentla. Abalawuli ababini baqala ukulawula indawo yabo, besithi ukuzimela kwiSpeyin.
Ekuqaleni kwee-1820, abavuleli ababini babeguqulela ePeru. I-Peru, ngakumbi i-Lima, yayiyinqaba yama-royalists kunye nenye yeendawo zokugqibela ezilawulwa yiSpeyin eMzantsi Melika ukuba zivakalise ukuzimela kwayo (ePuper ophezulu, obizwa ngokuba yiBolivia, yafumana ukuzimela kwayo iminyaka embalwa emva kwePeru).
Ngaphandle kokuphikiswa kobukhosi, uJosé de San Martín wahlala eLima ngoJulayi 12, ngo-1821. Ngaphambi kwesixuku esikhulu esiseLima's Plaza de Armas , iSan Martín yamemezela ukuzimela kukaPeru ngoJulayi 28, 1821. Uhlanga oluzimeleyo lwalufuneka lujongane neepokotho eziphawulekayo zokumelana neSpeyin.
Isenzo sokugqibela semfazwe yokuzimela, sePeru kunye neMzantsi Melika, senzeka kwiMfazwe yaseAkayacucho ngo-1824. UAntonio José de Sucre, omnye wabantu abagqwesileyo beBolívar, wabakhokelela, kuquka namaPeru, amaChile, amaColombia kunye Ama-Argentine, ngokumelene nomkhosi wamakhosikazi. I-Sucre yaphumelela loo mini kwi-plateau ephakamileyo ngaphandle kwe-Ayacucho, ukufumana ukuzimela okuqhubekayo kwe-Peru kunye nayo yonke kodwa iphelisa iimfazwe zaseMerika zase-Independent
02 we 02
Fiestas Patrias ePeru
Umkhosi wezempi eTarapoto, eSan Martin, ngexesha le-Fiestas Patrias yasePeru. UTony Dunnell Imibhiyozo yoSuku lwe-Independence yasePeru, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Fiestas Patrias, ithatha iintsuku ezimbini, ezo zibini ziholide zesizwe ePeru . Kuyo yonke iJulayi, ifulegi yasePeruvia iqhutywe ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zikawonkewonke nezabucala.
NgoJulayi 28 ngowona suku lokuzimela. Usuku luqala nge-cannon yesalathisi e-21 eLima, elandelwa ngu-Te Deum ubunzima nguMbhishophu omkhulu waseLima. UMongameli wasePeru uhambela ubunzima, emva koko unikezela idilesi yakhe esemthethweni kwisizwe.
Ingqiqo yesiqheno sesizwe ngokuqinisekileyo ayikhawulelwanga kwisikhululo sasePeruvia. Ehlabathini lonke, ukusuka kwiidolophana ezincinci ukuya kwizixeko eziphambili zesizwe , izitratato kunye nezikwere eziphambili ziza ziphila kunye nezidlova, iintlalo kunye nomoya jikelele wokubhiyozela. I-atmosphere emoyeni iyabamba njengobusuku busuku, kungabikho ukuphelelwa komlilo kunye nobhiya .
NgoJulayi 29, okwangoku, isetyenziswe eceleni kweMikhosi yamaPolisa kunye nePolisa kaZwelonke ePeru. I- Gran Parada iMilitar del Perú (i-Great Military Parade) eyenzeka eLima, eya kuMongameli. Ukuqhubela phambili kwemikhosi yezempi kuyenzeka kulo lonke ilizwe.
Ukuhamba Ngexesha leMigubho yoSuku loPhumela lwasePeru
Usuku lokuzimela lixesha elihle lokuba ePeru. Isizathu sokuzikhukhumeza kwelizwe siyakuthandeka kwaye i-Fiestas Patrias ngumxube othakazelisayo wesiganeko esisemthethweni kunye nombhiyozo ongathintekiyo.
Khumbula ke, ukuba zonke iintsuku ziholide zesizwe. Ngomgudu wokwandisa ukhenketho lwangaphakathi, urhulumente wasePeru unokuvakalisa ilanga leeholide elide ngaphambi okanye emva kwe-Fiestas Patrias (ngo-2012, umzekelo, ngo-Julayi 27 kuye kwavakaliswa ukuba akukho msebenzi osebenzayo okanye ongekho msebenzi).
Izitolo zivaliwe kwaye ezininzi iinkonzo azifumaneki (nangona ivenkile ezinkulu kunye neefasimasi zivame ukuvula ubuncinane isiqingatha somhla). Ukuhamba kweebhasi kunye neenqwelo zokuhamba zasekhaya akuxhaphaki kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso lesitikiti liyakhula kwaye izihlalo zizalise ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yamaPeru asebenzisa ithuba lokuhamba. Ihotele ephakamileyo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwezothutho kunokuba kuyimfuneko kuxhomekeke kwindawo oya kuyo.