Umculo waseMariachi isandi seMexico. Ingumnqophiso womculo kwixesha elibalulekileyo ebomini. Kodwa yintoni ngempela i-mariachi? Ibandla laseMariachi liqela lomculo waseMexico elinamaqela emine okanye ngaphezulu anxiba i- charro suit. Kuthiwa kuthiwa i-Mariachi ivela kwilizwe laseJalisco , kwisixeko saseCocula, kufuphi neGuadalajara , kunye namazwe angqongileyo aseMexico. I-Mariachi ngoku iyaziwayo kulo lonke elaseMexico naseMzantsi-ntshona eMerika kwaye ithathwa njengommeli womculo waseMexico kunye nenkcubeko.
I-Mariachi yaqatshelwa yi-UNESCO njengenxalenye yeLifa leNkcubeko ye- Intangible Cultural of Humanity ngo-2011. Uludwe lubonisa ukuba: "Umculo waseMariachi udlulisela imilinganiselo yentlonipho yelifa lemveli kwimimandla yaseMexico kunye nomlando wendawo ngesiSpanish nolwimi ezahlukeneyo lwaseNdiya waseNtshona Melika. "
Imvelaphi yeLizwi iMariachi:
Kukho iingcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuvela kwegama elithi mariachi. Abanye bathi livela kwigama lesiFrentshi umtshato kuba kwakuhlobo lomculo odlalwa emishadweni, enye iphikisa le ngqungquthela (ngokucacileyo igama lalisetyenziswa eMexico ngaphambi kokungenelela kwe-French eMexico kuma-1860s). Abanye bathi livela kolwimi lwasekhaya lweCoca. Kulo lwimi, igama elifana negama elithi mariachi lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kuhlobo lwenkuni elisetyenziselwa ukwenza iqonga apho abaculi bemi khona.
Mariachi Izixhobo:
Ibhendi yendabuko yaseMariachi yenziwe nge-violin ezimbini, igitare, i- guitarrón (enkulu ibhasi) kunye ne- vihuela (efana negaritha kodwa ejikelezayo).
Nanamhlanje ama-mariachi amaqela afake amaxilongo, ngamanye amaxesha ihadi. Enye okanye ngaphezulu kweemvumi nazo ziyacula.
Indleko yeMariachi:
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwee-1900 isortroti, okanye i- traje de charro, ifakwe ngu-mariachis. I-charro yinkwenkwe yaseMexico yaseJalisco. I-carro i-mariro enxibayo i-mariachis inxiba ibhatyi, ubude bombhobho, ibhontshi edibeneyo, iibhotshana ezimfutshane kunye ne-darkbreaking brim.
Iimpahla ezihlotshiswe ngokugqithiseleyo ngeesiliva okanye zegolide kunye nezicwangciso ezidibeneyo. Ngokomxholo, abaculi baqala ukugqoka le ndoda ngexesha le-Porfiriato. Ngaphambi koko, bembethe iingubo ezifihlakeleyo ezinxulumene neenkampu okanye ii-laboratory, kodwa umongameli u-Porfirio Diaz wayefuna ukuba abaculi badlale kwisiganeko esibalulekileyo ukuba banxibe into ekhethekileyo, ngoko baboleka iingubo zeqela lama-cowboys aseMexico, ngaloo ndlela baqala isiko se-mariachi amabhinqo egqoke kwiingubo eziqhelekileyo ze-charros.
Kuphi Ukuzwa I-Mariachi Umculo:
Unokuva umculo we-mariachi phantse naluphi na indawo eya eMexico, kodwa indawo ezimbini ezidumileyo nge mariachis yiPlaza de los Mariachis eGuadalajara kunye nePlaza Garibaldi eMexico City . Kule plaza uzakufumana i-mariachis ehambahambayo enokuyiqesha ukuze udlale iingoma ezimbalwa.
Mariachi Iingoma:
Ukuqesha ibhendi ye-mariachi ukwenza ingoma okanye ezimbini kuwe indlela enhle yokuchitha ngokuhlwa. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo okanye kwindawo yokutyela kwaye kukho ibhola le-mariachi, ucela ingoma ethile. Nazi izihloko ezimbalwa zeengoma ongacinga ngazo:
- I-Las Mañanitas (ukuba umntu othile kwiqela lakho uguguzela usuku lokuzalwa okanye omnye umcimbi obalulekileyo njengesikhumbuzo)
- Mexico Lindo y Querido
- El Rey
- Cielito Lindo
- El Jarabe Tapatío