Kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezisuka kwi-savannah yaseAfrika, i-rhino ayikho into ebalulekileyo kakhulu. Mhlawumbi kungumntu ongaqhelekanga wamandla ahanjiswa ngumbhalo wawo wokuqala; okanye mhlawumbi yinyaniso yokuba naphezu kobukhulu bayo, iingubo ziyakwazi ukuhamba ngobubele obumangalisayo. Okubuhlungu kukuba, ukutshatyalaliswa kwentshontsho ye-rhino kwangoko kulandelelwano lwabo kwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuba nayiphi na imvelaphi yabo yemilingo, izizukulwana zexesha elizayo zingaze zenzeke.
Imbali yePoaching
Kwiminyaka engama-150 edlulileyo, iingubo ezimhlophe kunye ezimnyama zazizininzi kwiindawo eziphantsi kwe-Afrika yase-Sahara. Ukuzingela okungekho mthethweni ngabahlali baseYurophu babone inani labo lihla kakhulu; kodwa kwakungekho ngee-1970 kunye no-80 ukuba ukunyanzelwa kweenqanawa kwiimpondo zabo kwaba yinto ekhoyo. Imfuno yephondo lobhejane yayinzima kakhulu kangangokuthi i-96% yamarhinos amnyama abulawa phakathi ko-1970 no-1992, ngelixa iingubo ezimhlophe zazizingelwa kwizinga elithile kangangokuba kwithuba elincinane, zazicingelwa ukuba ziphela.
Kwenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokulondolozwa kwexesha lethu, iinzame zokulondoloza ibhokhwe ekubeni zihanjiswe kumaphepha eembali zaphumela ekuhlaleni kwabantu. Namhlanje, kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho ii-rhino ezimhlophe ezingama-20,000 kunye nama-rhinos ama-5,000 asele asele. Nangona kunjalo, ukususela kwiminyaka ye-2000, imfuno yophondo lwe-rhino luye lwaphazamisa, kwaye ngo-2008 ubundlobongela bufikelele kumanqanaba omngcipheko kwakhona.
Ngenxa yoko, ikusasa lezo zintlobo zontlobo ngoku ayiqinisekanga.
Ukusetyenziswa kweRhinino Horn
Namhlanje, i-rhino emnyama neyomhlophe ikhuselwe yiNgqungquthela yoRhwebi lwaMazwe ngamazwe kwiintlobo zeeNtshonalanga zeFowuni kunye nePlora (CITES). Urhwebo lwamazwe ngamajelo okanye iingxenye zawo alukho mthethweni, ngaphandle kweenqana ezimhlophe ezivela eSwazini naseMzantsi Afrika, ezingasuswa ngaphandle kwemvume phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona imithetho ye-CITES, uphondo lwe-rhino luye lwaba lucebisi kakhulu kangangokuba abazingeli bazimisele ukubeka ingozi kwizinto zonke ukuze bafumane imali kwi-shishini.
I-Rhino poaching ikhoyo ngenxa yeemfuno zeemveliso zophondo lwe-rhino kumazwe ase-Asia njengeChina neVietnam. Ngokwesiko, uphondo lwe-rhino lwophuliweyo lwalusetyenziswe kula mazwe njengesithako kumayeza asetyenziselwa ukuphathwa kweemeko ezahlukeneyo-nangona kungenakucalulo oluchongiweyo lwemithi. Ngoku kutshanje, nangona kunjalo, inani lentengo ye-rhino phondo liye laphumela ekubeni kuthengwa kwaye lidla ngokugqithiseleyo njengophawu lwemo kunye nobutyebi.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngu-Dalberg oluqinileyo lwase-Dalberg luqikelele ukubaluleka koophondo lwe-rhino kwi-60,000 / kilo, okwenza kube luncedo ngaphezu kwemarike emnyama kunokuba idayimane okanye i-cocaine. Loo manani ophazamisayo uye wenyuka ngokuzenzekelayo kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo, kunye nexabiso lentengo ye-rhino eqikelelwe kwi-$ 760 emva ko-2006. Njengoko umgquba unciphisa ubuninzi bebhankini eseleyo, ukungabikho kwemveliso kwenza ukuba kubaluleke ngakumbi, kwandiswe inkuthazo yokuphosa kwindawo yokuqala.
I-New Poaching Era
Inani elimangalisayo lemali elincinci liye laguqula ubundlobongela kwishishini lokurhweba elithelekiswa neziyobisi okanye ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo.
Izigulane ze-Poaching zilawulwa ngamanyathelo olwaphulo-mthetho, abanoxhaswa ngemali kwaye babone i-rhino njengento yokusetyenziswa kakubi. Ngenxa yoko, iindlela zokusondeza zihamba ngokugqithiseleyo, zibandakanya izithuthi eziphezulu njengezixhobo zokulandelela i-GPS kunye nezixhobo zokubona ebusuku. A
Isitayela esitsha sobuthakathaka kwenza kube nzima (kwaye kuyingozi) ukujikeleza ukulandelela i-rhinos. Ukwenza njalo, iiprolothi kufuneka zikulindele apho abazingeli abaza kubetha khona ngokulandelayo-umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka ngokubhekiselele kubukhulu obukhulu beepaki kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezihlala kuyo. Oku kwenziwa kanzima ngorhwaphilizo olukhulu, kunye namaqumrhu asebenzisa ubutyebi bawo ukuhlawula amagosa amabini phakathi kweepaki kunye namazinga aphezulu karhulumente ngolwazi.
Izibalo zoKuphela
KuMzantsi Afrika kuphela, inani leenqana ezixhaswe ngonyaka liye landa ngo-9,000% ukususela ngo-2007. Ngo-2007, iingubo ezi-13 zaxhaswa kwimida yelizwe; ngo-2014, elo nani laphakama li-1,215. UMzantsi Afrika usekhaya kwiinkozo eziseleyo zehlabathi, kwaye ngokunjalo uye wathwala ubunzima bezenzo zokusondeza kwiminyaka yamuva. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe angummelwane asenkingeni. ENamibia, iingubo ezimbini zazingqinelwa ngo-2012; ngelixa ama-80 abulawa ngo-2015.
Ukuphela kwalo mphumo onokubakho kwezibalo ezifana nalezi kubonakaliswe yimpumelelo ye-rhino yaseNtsundu yaseNtshonalanga, ii-subspecies zashicilelwe ngokusemthethweni ngo-2011. Ngokwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature (i-IUCN), imbangela ebalulekileyo ye-subspecies ' ukutshabalalisa kwakuyi-poaching. AmaRhinos amhlophe aseMntla akhangelelwe ukuba ahlupheke ngokufanayo, kunye nabantu abathathu kuphela. Zixhamene kakhulu kunye nokuzalwa ngokwemvelo kwaye zigcinwe ngaphantsi kwee-24 zeeyure ezixhobileyo.
Ixabiso leeRhinos
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokulwa nekamva leehinki ezishiywe kuthi, kungekhona ubuncinane bokuba kukuzibophezela kwethu ukwenza njalo. Iinqununu zibangelwa yiminyaka engama-40 yezigidi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwaye zilungelelene ngqo kwindawo yazo. Bagcina i-savannah yaseAfrika ngokutya i-kilo 65 yezilwanyana zonke iintsuku kwaye zibalulekile ekulandelelaneni kwezinto eziphilayo ezinokuthi zihlala kuyo. Ukuba ziphela, ezinye izilwanyana kulo lonke ukhuseleko lokutya nazo ziya kuthinteka.
Kananjalo banenani elikhulu lemali. Njengenxalenye ye- Big Five eyaziwayo ye-Afrika, banembopheleleko yokuvelisa izigidi zeedola zemali ngokhenketho; ishishini elinokunceda abantu abaninzi kunokuba bambalwa abambalwa abaxhaswa yi-poaching. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu lwengingqi luzuzisa kwimali engenayo eyenziwa yi-eco-tourism yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokukhuthaza ubume be-rhino kwizinga eliphezulu.
Ukulwa noTshintsho
Ingxaki ye-rhino poaching iyinzima, kwaye akukho sisisombululo esisodwa. Ziye zacetyiswa eziliqela, elowo lunezikhundla zalo kunye nezibi. Ngokomzekelo, iinkampani ezininzi zase-US njengamanje zizama ukuphucula uphondo lobhejane oluthile njengenxalenye yento yangempela; ngelixa uMzantsi Afrika uphakamise ukuthengiswa kwe-rhino phondo njengendlela yokukhukhula kwiimarike, ngoko ukunciphisa ixabiso lophondo kwaye lwenze ukuba lingabonakali kubalimi.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokusondeza kwimakethe ye-rhino yamarhwebo, zombini kwezi zizombululo zibeka umngcipheko wokubangela ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa ngokuqhubeka nokufuna imveliso. Ezinye iziphakamiso zibandakanya ukutyhefuza iimpondo zeempondo ukuze zenze i-inedible, kwaye zisuswe ngokugqithiseleyo izimpondo kwiirhin ephilayo ukuze zingasayi kujoliswa. I-Dehorning ibone impumelelo ethile, nangona ixabisa kakhulu. Kweminye imimandla, abazingeli babulala i-rhino engenagqabha ukuze bachithe ixesha ngokulandela ngokukhawuleza kwakhona.
Okubalulekileyo, ukuzingela kufuneka kudityaniswe kwii-angles ezahlukeneyo. Iimali kufuneka ziphakanyiswe ukuze zivumele ukulandelelanisa okuphambili kwe-patrols, ngelixa ukuthotyelwa komthetho kukubalulekileyo ekugxininiseni urhwaphilizo. Izicwangciso zemfundo yokusiNgqongileyo kunye nezikhuthazo zezemali zinokukunceda ukuphumelela inkxaso yoluntu oluhlala emaphethelweni epaki yamagqabi kunye neendawo zokugcina ukuze zingasayi kuhendelwa ukuba ziphephe ukusinda. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokuphakamisa ulwazi e-Asia, ithemba ukuba imfuno yophondo lobhejane lunokumiswa olunye usuku kunye.
Ukufumanisa indlela onokukunceda ngayo, tyelela i-Save Rhino, isizwe sobungqina belizwe lonke esisebenzela ulondolozo lwezilwanyana ze-rhin.