Penny kwi-Irish Guy? Isiko saseBritani elilibalekile.
Ubusuku boBu Fawkes (obunokuthiwa ngokuba yiGuy Fawkes Day, Night Night okanye uMlilo ebusuku) ngumcimbi okhunjulwayo owenziwa ngoNovemba 5. Kuqala kwaye ngowona mcimbi waseBrithani kwaye sele ukhohliwe (okanye utshintshwa) ngamanye imithendeleko ngexesha elifanayo. Umthendeleko ukhunjulwa ngomhla wamaKatolika ambalwa azama ukusula isakhiwo saseburhulumenteni saseBritani (seProtestanti) ... kwaye sahluleka.
Ngaloo ndlela, e-Ireland, iGuwn Fawkes Night yayigcinwa njengomhla wokubhiyozela ngokubakho nje ngenxalenye yabantu-kwaye le mihla kuphela iindawo eziseLoyalist eNyakatho ye-Ireland zinokubamba iziganeko ngosuku.
I-Origins yeGuy Fawkes Night
U-Guy Fawkes Night uvela kwimpembelelo yokuwabulala-ngoNovemba 5 ngonyaka we-1605, uGuy (okanye uGuguo) Fawkes wabanjwa kwiindawo zokungena phantsi kweNdlu yeeNkosi. Akayena kuphela into ephosakeleyo, wabanjwa ngokubomvu ... ekulinda isitofu esikhulu somfuyo kwimibhobho. Ezi zibekwe phantsi kwakhiwo sepalamente ukuze kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi phakathi kwamaProtestanti nokubulala iNkosi ka-James I. Iinjongo (nangona kunjalo) ekuthiwa yi "Plotpowder Plot" kwakungokusekwa kabusha komkhosi wamaKatolika eNgilani kwaye EScotland, kunye nokuguqulwa kweenguqulelo. Ingaba oku kuya kuphumelela, kwaze kwaba necebo eliphumelelayo, livulekile ukuxoxa.
Kukho okungakumbi ukuba bekuza kuba nexesha elifutshane leengxabano kunye nohlaselo olulandelwayo, olulandelwa ukutyunjwa kwe-crack-down to the wrongdoers of plot.
Emva kokutsho oko, uGuy Fawkes ngokwakhe ubonakala engumKatolika ozinikeleyo kwaye wayequlunqa udumo - emva kokulwa njengomkhosi wamaKatolika aseSpain ngokuchasene namaProtestanti aseNetherlands (wafika njengenxalenye yombutho wase-Ireland owasekela abavukeli kuqala. ..
apho ekutshitshiseni kwenza ubuso obunamathele kwaye wajoyina iSpanish), wazama ukucela uncedo lweSpeyin ukuze kulungiswe isiNgesi ukulawula kobuKatolika. Oku kwakungekho mpu melelo, kodwa abahlobo abahlakulelayo abahlakulelayo ezindaweni eziphakamileyo ... nto leyo eyamenza ukuba abe negalelo kwiPlot Gunowow.
Emva kokubanjwa kwakhe, iFawwkes yaphandwa ngemibuzo kwaye (mhlawumbi nge-fugue yokuzizukisa ngokuzenzekelayo) yamkelwa ngokukhululekile ekucwangciseni ukubulawa kwabantu. Ukumema ngokukhawuleza ukuphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza. Oku, kodwa, akazange asebenze ngokucwangcisiweyo njengoko wayecwangcisiweyo - kamva wahlushwa, ekuzameni ukuba anikezele amagama abo badibanisa. Ukukhohlisa "ongenatyala" kwisilingo esilandelayo ngenxa yokunyaniseka (emehlweni akhe, iFawkes ayenzanga kakubi emva kwayo yonke into), wayengenakudaniseka, kunye nokukhawulwa kwabantu abaninzi) atholakala enetyala kwaye egwetyelwa ukufa okude. Ukuzibamba ngokuthi "ukukhanga kwenkwenkwezi" yoluntu ukuxhoma, ukudweba nokwahlukana ngoJanuwari 31, 1606, iFawkes yabona ukufa okubuhlungu kwabalingani bakhe. Kwaye ke, ekubonakalweni kokugqibela nokuphefumlelweyo kokungcoliseki, ulungele ukukopela i-hangman ngokuziphosa kwi-scaffold ephezulu kwaye ephula intamo yakhe.
Ngendlela ... kukho inkolelo yokuba iqhinga lobuqhetseba lwaluyinyaniso yokusebenza kweflegi kunye nokuba iGuy Fawkes yenziwe.
Guy Fawkes Night ngokusebenzisa iMinyaka
Ukubhiyozelwa kwenyaniso yokuba uKumkani uJames ndaphila kuloo mzamo onyanisekileyo ebomini bakhe (njengoko i-propaganda esemthethweni yayiphononongo - uGuy Fawkes wabanjwa phakathi kobusuku kunye ne-IED yangaphambili yenziwe yileyo ikhulile iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba uJames ndifikelele ukuvulwa IPalamente ehleliwe ngoNovemba 5), i-bonfires yayivaliwe ngaseLondon. Ngethuba elincinci kamva "ukugcinwa komThetho we-5 kuNovemba" kwadlulelwa, okwenza lo mbhiyozo wonyaka umbulelo wokubonga.
Ejongene nokungakhuselekanga kwenkolo kunye nokuzinyameka kwamashumi ambalwa alandelayo, uluntu lwaseBrithani luye lwaba "Usuku loMthi woTyhudo" njengodada amanzi. Ikhethwe njengomhla wokubhiyozela, ukubulela kunye nokuzonwabisa, ngokukhawuleza kwafumana unqulo olunamandla. Njengoko kugxininiswa kwintshutshiso yamaKatolika, imibhiyozo yaminyaka yonke yasebenza.
Iintetho ezikhethekileyo zasePuritan zanikela iintshumayelo ezivuthayo kwiingozi "zokupasa" (zidla ngokugqithiseleyo ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ebonakalayo, kodwa ngokucacileyo ayikho ngaphezu kwayo yonke inkolelo), iqhubhisa imfuyo yabo ibe yintlanzi. Eyona nto eyenziwe ngaphandle kwecawa - izihlwele ezingalawulekiyo zange zitshatile i-bonfires, kodwa zasebenzisa ezi zinto ukutshisa upapa okanye uGuy Fawkes kwi-effigy (ngezinye izihlandlo zenziwa ngamakati epilo ukuze kube nemiphumo engcono yezandi).
Malunga nexesha leRegency (1811 ukuya ku-1820) kwakuqhelekile kwiindawo ezithile kubantwana ukuba balungiselele i-effigy yeGuy Fawkes kakuhle phambi kwesi siganeko, bayithabathele ezitratweni kwaye bayisebenzise njengendlela yokucela. kumfana? " Kwakhona kwakuqhelekile ukuba amanqaku amandulo ahlaziywe ngobusuku boBufire, ngokukhwabanisa nokulwa okungaziwa.
Phakathi kweemeko zeemeko ze-19 zatshintshwe ngokugqithisileyo kwaye uMthetho wokuBanjwa komhla we-5 kuNovemba wawususwa ngo-1859, abaxhatshazi bamaKatolika kunye nabangcikivayo baphathwa kunye nokubhiyozelwa kwintlanganiso enobungane kwintsapho. Ngexesha le-20 leminyaka, kwakusasaziwa, kodwa namhlanje kuye kwacatshulwa ukuthengiswa kwe-Halloween.
UGu Fawkes Night e-Ireland
I-Gunpowder Iplot yayijolise kakhulu eNgilani naseSkotland-bobabini baseWales naseIreland babecala nje ngokubonisa ukuhamba-apho, kwaye ngokukhethekileyo i- Ireland yayimatasa ngokulandela ixesha layo . Kodwa abahlali baseBrithani babethwala i-Guy Fawkes Night indawo yonke indawo, ngokukodwa kwii-coloni zaseMerika nase-Ireland, ngokukodwa ukutyalwa kweMntla. KwiNyakatho Melika yaziwa ngokuba ngu "Usuku loPapa" yaye yayilahlekelwa ukunyaniseka kwikhulu le-18 (emva kokuba yonke inkululeko yokuguqula ingqubuzana nayo yayigubha ngokubhiyozela ukumkani waseBrithani ukusinda). E-Ireland kwakubaluleke kakhulu, phantse kuphela, yabonwa kwiindawo zamaProtestanti kwaye ngokukhawuleza yaba yinye ithambo lembambano.
Le mihla, uGuy Fawkes Night uphelelwa ngokupheleleyo, nakwiiNtla Ireland-apho abaninzi abaqhankqalazi baza kuphelelwa yinkqubo yeHalloween nanoma kunjalo (iimbono ukuba iGuy Fawkes Night yayiyi-Protestant eyaziwa ngokuba yiSamhain ayikho ingqiqo).
Iimboniselo zeBolafire e-Ireland
I-Ireland igcina ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ze "Bonfire Nights" kuze kube yimhla - enye ingomhla we-12 kaJulayi (umkhosi weNtshontsho ye-Boyne , ngoko ke igujwa kuphela kwiindawo eziseLoyalist). Oku kufana nokufana nobusuku be-Guy Fawkes kwi-vitriolic anti-Catholicism kunye nokuba upapa unokutshiswa ngendlela echanekileyo (kunye nabapolitiki abafana noGerry Adams). Olunye u "Ubusuku Bokufa" lubhiyozelwa kwimimandla yamaKatolika kwi-St. John's Eve (ngoJuni 23).
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iibhonfi ziye zahlanganisana kwaye zafakwa kwiHalloween. Ininzi yale mibala iyaba yingozi yempilo neyokhuseleko, ngoko amabhunga asekuhlaleni ayazama ukukhusela ukuba balele. Okokuthi, okwenza ukuba ithambo lokuxabana ngenxa yemithendeleko iphazamisekile ngokufika komlilo , kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kugxininiswa kokuziphatha okungabikho komthetho.