Ukuqaphela into evela kwiingqungquthela kwimpikiswano yokhuselo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngabahambaphi abahambahambayo kwihlabathi, ngokuqinisekileyo isisongelo esingaziwa ngokubhekiselele kwamanye amazwe kukugqwesa. Ngowe-2016 wodwa, ihlabathi lijongene nokuhlaselwa eMelika nasehlabathini lonke eligqityiwe phantsi kobungozi. NgoJulayi ngo-2016 kuphela, ukuhlaselwa kwezihlandlo ezili-12 kuye kwenzeka kwiYurophu, kwiindawo ezibandakanya iFransi neJamani.
Nangona isongelo sobuglogongela sihlala sisisigxina, abahambi baqonda indlela ezi ziimeko ezingalindelekanga ezichaphazela ukuhamba kwazo zingalungisa kangangoko imeko ezimbi kakhulu.
Nazi iinkcukacha emva kweentetho ezihlanu eziqhelekileyo ezenziwe malunga nobugrogasi behlabathi, nokuba yiziphi izinto abahambahambayo abangayenza ukuze baqinisekise ukuhamba ngokuphepha ngaphambi kokuhamba.
INkcazo: Kukho uMbuso wamaSulumane ohlasela onke iiyure ezingama-84
Inyani: NgoJulayi 2016, inkampani yokulandelela ubundlobongela be-IntelCenter ikhiphe idatha ebonisa ukuba kukho ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula okwenziwa egameni leSizwe samaSilaya kwiiyure ezingama-84. I-CNN iqinisekisile ngokuzimeleyo loo datha ngokuhlalutya kwayo, icetyisa ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula kwenzeka kwindawo ethile kwiintsuku zonke iintsuku eziyi-3.5.
Nangona kunjalo, amanyathelo okuhlaselwa kwedatha agqityiweyo alawulwa yienkokheli zoMbuso wamaSilamsi, kunye nokuhlaselwa okuphefumlelwe nguMbuso wamaSulumane. Ngako oko, ngelixa ulwaphulo-mthetho lusesisongelo esikhulu, kunzima ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iziganeko ezenzelwe ukuba zivuselele ukwesaba, kwaye zeziphi iziganeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izihlaselo ezi zenzekayo.
Ukusebenzisa ngoJulayi 2016 njengomzekelo: kwakukho ukuhlaselwa kwezihlandlo ezili-12 eYurophu (kuquka neTurkey), kodwa enye kuphela yayikhokelwa nguMbuso wamaSulumane. Isisele senzeke kwezinye zeentlanga ezikhohlakeleyo kwihlabathi , kuquka iIraq, iSomalia, iSiriya kunye neYemen.
Abahambi abachaphazelekayo malunga nohambo lwabo oluzayo kufuneka baqwalasele ukuthenga umgaqo-nkqubo we-inshurensi yokuhamba ngaphambi kokuba bahambe, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo uquka ugqirha .
Ukongezelela, abahambahambayo bafanele benze isicwangciso sokhuseleko lwawo ngamnye kwisitya lwabo, xa kwenzeka ukuba bafikelele ekuhambeni kwabo xa behamba.
Ingxelo: Ulwaphulo-mthetho luyisongelo esikhulu kubasentshona
Inyani: Nangona ugqirha luyisongelo kubantu abasentshonalanga, akusona sisisongelo esikhulu esibhekene nabo xa behamba phesheya. Ngokweenkcukacha eziqokelelwa yi-United Nations Ofisi yeZiyobisi kunye noLwaphulo-mthetho (UNODC), bekukho ngaphezu kwama-430,000 abikwa ngokuzibulala ngokuzenzekelayo emhlabeni jikelele ngo-2012. I-UNODC ichaza ukubulala ngokuzikhethela ngokuthi "... ukufa okungekho mthethweni okubangelwa ngumntu ngomnye umntu ... [ kuquka] ukuhlaselwa okunzulu okuholela ekufeni nasekufeni ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula. "
Idatha efananisweyo, kwakuphindwe kabini inani lokuhlaselwa eUnited States yedwa , kwaye ingxelo engaphantsi kwezigidi ezili-10 zokuba nokuphanga zabikwa ngeenxa zonke kwiindawo kwiBrazil, eJamani nase-United Kingdom. Nangona ubugorha bubungozi obunokuthi buchaphazele abantu abahamba ngethuba lithile ngaphandle kokulumkisa, abahambi banethuba eliphezulu lokubamba ixhoba lokubamba okanye ukuphanga xa behamba .
Ngaphambi kokuhamba, wonke umntu ohambahambayo kufuneka enze isicwangciso sokulondoloza kwimeko yokuba.
Oku kufanele kubandakanye ukwenza ikiti yokubambisana kunye nezinto zokugcina izinto, kunye nokugcina ikopi yamaphepha epaspoti ebalulekileyo xa ilahleka okanye ibiwe .
Ingxelo: Ukuzibulala kunye nokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula kukukhokelela kubangela ukufa kwaphesheya
Inyani: Ngelishwa, ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula kungabikho ndawo kwaye kuthintela amawaka abantu ngokukhawuleza, kushiya emva kokufa kunye nokubhujiswa kwepropati. Ezi ziganeko ezipapashwe kakhulu zithatyathwa ukuba zivuselele ukwesaba kubahambi, ziphoqele ukuba ziphinde ziqwalasele ukuba ngaba akufanelekile ukuthatha uhambo lwabo oluzayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukubulala - kuquka ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula - akuyona imbangela ebangela ukufa kwabantu baseMerika emhlabeni wonke. Ngokutsho kweSebe likaRhulumente , izingozi zezimoto ziyimbangela ebangela ukufa kwabantu baseMerika ngo-2014, njengama-225 abulawe ngeendlela ezininzi ezibandakanya izithuthi ezihamba ngeenqwelo.
Ezinye izinto ezibangelwa zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngaphandle.
Kubalulekile ukuba abahambi baqaphele ukuba ukubulala - okubandakanya ubundlobongela-yinto yesibini ebangela ukufa kwamanye amazwe. Ukubulala ngokuzikhethela kubangele ubomi be-174 baseMelika abahamba ngaphandle kwe-United States ngo-2014. Ngoko ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sihamba phi, abahambi kufuneka bahlale beqaphela imeko yabo kwaye baqaphele xa behamba.
Ingxelo: Ubundlobongela yingxaki enkulu kunazo zonke ngaphandle kwe-United States
Inyani: Nangona ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kuninzi kwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-United States, oku akuthethi ukuba i-United States iyindawo ephephile. Iintlanga eziliqela zilumkisa abavakhenkethi ukuba bathatywe ngogonyamelo lwebhamu kwizixeko eziphambili ngelixa beye e-United States.
Ngaphezu koko, idatha eqokelelwe yiYunivesithi yaseMaldan kunye nemibutho emininzi eyimimandla ibonisa ukuba iMelika inezona zenzo ezininzi zobundlobongela bombundu kunezinye iintlanga ezininzi emhlabeni jikelele. Idatha eqokelelwa yi-Archives of Violence Archive ibonisa ukuba kwakukho ukudubula okungama-350 e-United States ngo-2015 yodwa, kubanga abantu abangama-368 kwaye balimala i-1,321.
Nangona loo datha ingamangalisa, ezinye iintlanga ezininzi zinengxaki ezinkulu xa kuziwa kubudlova nokubulala. Idatha ye-UNODC ibonisa ukuba iMelika yaseMelika inokubulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-14 000 ngabantu abayi-100 000 ngo-2012. Nangona le nombolo ingabonakala iphakamileyo, ezinye iintlanga zinokubulala ngokukhulu kunomlinganiselo ngamnye. EBrazil, eIndiya naseMexico nganye yabika inani lokubulala abantu ngama-100,000 abantu abaphakamileyo kakhulu kune-United States. Nangona abahambi baseUnited States bafanele bahlale beqaphele ekhaya, bafanele bavakalise ukuqonda okufanayo xa besuka ekhaya.
Ingxelo: Iimidlalo ze-Olimpiki ze-2016 ziya kuba yinjongo yobundlobongela nogonyamelo
Inyani: Nangona i-Brazil iyaziwa ngamazinga aphezulu okubulala abantu kunye nokubanjelwa kuye kwaqhutyelwa phambili kwiimidlalo ze-Olimpiki ze-2016, isiganeko saziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengento yokuthula yeentlanga. Ngokweengxelo ezivela kwi-National Consortium yeSifundo soBugcisa kunye nokuphendula kuBugcisa (START) kwiYunivesithi yaseMaldan, ukuhlaselwa okubodwa kuphela okuye kwahlaselwa kwiimidlalo ezintathu ze-Olimpiki ukususela ngo-1970. Kuzo, zimbini kuphela eziqinisekiswa njengezokhuselo - ezinye iimbini zibhekiselele kwimibhikisho nokugula kwengqondo.
Ngenxa yembali yobundlobongela baseBrazil banamhlanje, abahambi bafanele bahlale beyazi kakuhle iindawo ezizungezile kwaye bagcine icebo lokhuseleko lwabo ngamaxesha onke. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlala ezindleleni eziphambili, kwaye uthabatha kuphela i- cabs teksi esemthethweni okanye iinkonzo ezihamba phambili phakathi kweziganeko. Ekugqibeleni, abahambi ukuya kwiimidlalo ze-Olimpiki zika-2016 kufuneka babe nengqondo yabo yempilo engqondweni, njengoko i-virus yeZika iyinkxalabo enkulu kulabo bahamba baya eBrazil.
Nangona iingxelo zobuglogrongeka zivakala kwaye ziyikrakra, bonke abahambahamba banokwenza izigqibo ezingcono xa bethatha i-statistics kunye nedatha kumxholo. Ngokuqonda intsingiselo emva komyalezo, abahambi banokwenza isigqibo esikolweni ngexesha lokuhamba, kunye nokuba nini ukuhlala ekhaya.