Isikhokelo sePartians Day Day Pirates
Amaqhawe aseSomalia ayenze iindaba eziphambili kwinqanaba elivakalayo ngokukhawuleza kude kube sehlobo le-2012. Kubonakala ngathi iqela lingaphaya, kwaye i-hangover iya kuba nzima kubantu abahlala ePuntland. Kubonakala ukuba iinzame zomhlaba wonke zokumisa iinqwelo zokungena kwiinqanawa ezaza kunye nokufuna izigidi ngezihlawulelo ziqala ukuhlawula. Nokuba "Umlomo Omkhulu" usandul 'ishishini. Kwaye kungekhona umzuzu kamva, ekubeni izibhamu ziye zaqala ukuphazamisa imboni yezokhenketho ecaleni kolwandle lwaseKenya kunye neziganeko ezimbalwa ezithusayo zokuthumba kwiindawo zokungcebeleka kwezilwandle.
Khangela ukuba zeziphi iiproyiki zanamhlanje, ziphi na zisebenza njani, kwaye kutheni ziphendukile ukusuka ekulobeni ukuya kwi-piracy. Basenokufuneka batshintshe izibhamu zabo ngeenetha kwakhona ngo-2013.
Isimo samanje sePiracy yamaSomalia
Ngokombiko we-BBC wakutshanje, amaxhoba aseSomalia athatha iirekhodi ezili-1,181 ngo-2010 kwaye zahlawulwa izigidi ezininzi zeedola ngentlawulelo.
Ngomhla ka-2011, abantu abangaphezu kwama-300 babanjwe ekuthinjweni ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo ase-Somalia.
I-International Maritime Bureau (i-IMB) ibona ulwandle lwaseSomali lube ludweliso olunobungozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngaliphi na ixesha elithile ama-pirates abambe ubuncinane iinqanawa ezili-12 ezinjengamaxhoba athile kuquka ne-oil-troler yexesha elithile apho banokufuna imali engama-25 yezigidi ngeentlawulo. Umzamo wobugqirha obuqhelekileyo ufundeka kanje:
11.04.2009: 1240 Ihotele: Posn: 00: 18.2N - 051: 44.3E, malunga ne-285 nm empuma yeMogadishu, eSomalia.
Izibhamu ezilishumi ezithwele izibhamu kunye ne-RPG kwimigqomo emibini, eyasungulwa ngumkhumbi weenqanawa, ihlasele iinqanawa.
I-Master ijonge kwijubane ukuya kuma-22.8 amaqhina kunye ne-skiffs ilandelwa ngama-23.5 amaqhina. Basondela kakhulu kwaye bashenxisa kuloo nqanawa. I-Master yenza i-evasive ihamba kwaye ikhusela ukukhwela.
Iphi i-Somali Pirates isebenza?
ISomalia ine-nxweme enkulu (bona imephu), ihlanganiswe ngePhondo le-Afrika. Ngo-2008 ezininzi izihlaselo zamapirate zaqaliswa kwisitya esincinci esaziwa njengeGulf of Aden.
Ekuphenduleni kwezi zihlaselo kunye nempembelelo yezoqoqosho ababenayo kulo mzila ogqithisiweyo wokuthutha, iinqwelo zemikhosi yemfazwe yamazwe ngoku zijikeleza imihla ngemihla. Ama-Pirates ngoku ayaziwa ngokuba usebenzisa "iinqanawa zeenqanawa" ukuze bakwazi ukuhlaselwa ekuhlaseleni olwandle. Khangela ukujonga le mapazwe angamazwe angama-piracy ebonisa ukujonga ngokucacileyo yonke imizamo yokugqibela yama-piracy.
Ngubani na la maPirates?
Ama-pirates aseSomalia ayigqoki iifenki zamehlo, kwaye esikhundleni seenkrele, zinama-RPG (iibrenade eziqhume i-rocket). Basebenzisa ii-speedboats ezikhawulezayo zokuhamba kunye nokusebenza nabasebenzi be-10 okanye njalo. Xa befumana ithagethi elungileyo, baqalisa izikhonkwane kunye neentambo zee-ladders ukuya kwinqanawa kunye nokugqithisa abasebenzi. Bahlala behlasela ebusuku.
Ngo-2008, iinqanawa ezingama-40 zathathwa ngempumelelo kwaye iiranshu zahlawulwa zivela kwii-500,000 ukuya kwii-2 yezigidi. Ngo-2010, iinqanawa ezingama-49 zazingxonywa ukusuka kummandla waseSomalia (ngaphandle kwe-53 ehlabathini lonke). Kukho inkuthazo kubalobi abahluphekileyo abahlala kwilizwe elidabukileyo imfazwe laseAfrika. Amaqhawe aphumelelayo aphile kakuhle, atshate amabhinqa amahle, aqhube iimoto ezinkulu, akhiwe izindlu ezinkulu, aze athenge izixhobo ezixubileyo. Amaqhawe aseSomalia aneengxelo-mboleko, aboleka imali kubantu boshishini, kwaye ngokusisiseko baqhuba uqoqosho lolawulo oluzimeleyo lwasePuntland.
Ingxelo ye-BBC ngoJanuwari 2012 ithi ama-pirates avuseleleke kakhulu umnotho waseSomalia, kodwa akusiyo yonke into eyenziwe kuyo.
Ukutya kunye nokuhlala izindlu ezixhasiweyo zixhasa uqoqosho kwiPuntland. Ingxelo ye-BBC efakwe ngoSeptemba 2008 incoko malunga nokuphila kwidolophu yase-Somali idolophu: "U-Eyl uye waba yidolophini eyenziwe ngamagosa - kunye neendwendwe zabo zokutya ezikhethiweyo ziye zasekwa ukuba zilungiselelwe ukutya kwabasebenzi beenqanawa eziphangiweyo. Njengoko iinqwelo zifuna iintlawulo zentlawulelo, zizama ukunyamekela abo babanjwa. "
AmaLwandle amaLwandle okanye iiNxweme?
Kwingxelo yakutshanje, umhlaziyi we-BBC wase-Somalia waseMohamed Mohamed uthi amaxhoba ayingxube yowomdobi, owayengumkhosi wezemikhosi, kunye nee-computer. Akukho nto yokuqhwala inqanawa enkulu xa ungazi ukuba i-radio isebenza njani kwaye ngoko ayikwazi ukufuna isihlengo sakho.
AmaPirates nawo kufuneka azi indlela yokusebenzisa i-GPS.
Amaqhawe aseSomalia aziboni njengabantu ababi. I-pirate exonononongwe yiNew York Times yathi: "Asizibheki njengabathenjwa bezilwandle. Sibheka abantu basemanzini abanjengobunxweme abangenalo mthethweni kwiindawo zethu zolwandle kunye nokuthungela inkunkuma yethu elwandle. Cinga ngathi njengogada wonxweme. " Inqaku liqhubeka - "URhulumente waseburhulumenteni waseSomalia wenziwa ngowama-1991, wawagxotha ilizwe. baqaphele ngokujongana nezikebhe ezingekho mthethweni kunye nokufuna ukuba bahlawule irhafu ".
Kwakhona, khangela le vidiyo ngabaculi be-rap uK'Naan ngombono ocacileyo kakhulu waseSomalia malunga nobugqirha.
Kutheni uMgaqo kaRhulumente waseSomalia ungenzi?
ISomalia ayithatha inyathelo malunga nala maqhinga, kwaye ayikwazi ukubhalisa izikhalazo ezivela kwiinqanawa ezihlaselwa, kuba likarhulumente osebenza ngokungasebenzi. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kwakungekho rhulumente nonke. Urhulumente waseSomalia okhoyo unqwenela ukukunceda kodwa ngokwenene, awanakho ukulawula ngokupheleleyo kwi-capital Mogadishu, makungabikho ndawo efana nePuntland.
Naliphi na ithemba lokumisa amaPirates?
Ekuphenduleni ukuhlaselwa kwe-Gulf ye-Aden ngasekupheleni kuka-2008, imikhosi yamazwe ngamazwe iye yajikeleza indawo. Kwakubonakala kusebenza ngo-2009, ngokugqithisa ukuya kwi-41 kwiinyanga ezine zokuqala zonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ngowama-2010 ama-1,181 abathintekayo abanjwe ngama-pirates anezigidi zeedola ezihlawulwa ngentlawulo.
Ngo-2012, iipatroli zamazwe ngamazwe kwiGulf of Aden zenza kube nzima ukuba baseSomalia baqale ukuhlasela. Kodwa, ubuncinci iimpahla ezingama-40 kunye nabangaphezu kwama-400 abathathi-nxaxheba basabanjelwa okanye basuka nje eSomalia, ngokweqela lase-Ecoterra International elijonganisa ubugqirha kuloo mmandla.
Kuba iinqanawa zihamba phambili elwandle, kuya kubaphathi bazama ukuphuma kunye nokuhamba, ezi zixhobo ezihamba ngeenqwelo zokuhamba, ziwahambisa ngezindlu zomlilo, kwaye ziphinde zibuyele umlilo. Ii-premium zee-inshurenti kwiinqanawa kule ndawo ziqhuba ngexesha eliphakamileyo. Kwaye kusekho nemithetho emininzi yemimandla engabonakaliyo ukuba ivumeleke nayiphi na iinqanawa zeenqanawa ukuba zifike kwaye zidubule kwisitya esingengomkhosi. Ummandla apho amaninzi ama-pirates asebenza khona ngamaxesha amane ubukhulu beTexas, ngoko kunzima ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo kulowo mkhombe kula manzi.
Kukho umbandela wabasebenzi kunye nokuzigcina zikhuselekile. Kunzima ukudubula kuma-pirates ngaphandle kokulimaza abasebenzi ababethunjiweyo. Umkhosi waseNdiya wadubula oko babecinga ukuba yinqanawa ye-pirate ngoNovemba 2008, waba ngumntu weThais kunye namalungu amaninzi angamaxhoba ekuhlaselweni. Bona ibali lonke.
Ukususela ngo-2011 ezinye iintlanzi ziye zathathwa kwaye zithandathu zagwetshwa eParis ngoNovemba 2011.
Iqela kwi-2012?
Ekupheleni kowama-2012, iPalamate Party yavakaliswa ukuba yayingaphaya - Iqela kwiPirates yaseSomalia? - AP. Iqela linokuthi lihambele kwenye indawo, okanye mhlawumbi iipirates ziza kubuyela ekulobeni. Icandelo le- Khat lisakhula, mna andiyikumangaliswa xa bekhangela kuloo nto.
I-Stable Somalia iyisisombululo sexesha elide
Kucacile ukuba, i-Safe and stable eSomalia iyisisombululo sangempela kwaye iza kwenza oku kukhulu. Ukufumana urhulumente osebenzayo kufuneka ube yinyathelo lokuqala.