I-virus ye-Zika esele ilele, eyaqala kuqala ngo-1947, isanda kutshatyalaliswa kwi-Western Hemisphere. Intsholongwane ekhuselwe ngumlwanyana ibangela ukuba bambalwa ukuba kukho impawu kubaninzi babantu, kodwa abafazi abakhulelweyo akufanele bahambe baye kumazwe anentsholongwane.
Ngeli xesha, akukho nonyango oluthile okanye ugonyo lweZika, oluhambelana neengxwaba .
Uhambo oluya kwiiZika zeZibhulo
Ngokutsho kwamaziko e-US for Disease Control (CDC), isifo sengculaza seZika ngoku kumazwe angaphezu kwama-100.
Okokuqala njengesiqhaqha e-Caribbean kunye naseMbindi naseMzantsi Melika ngoku kwakhona ku-Afrika, e-Asia, eMzantsi Melika naseMexico.
Ingozi yeZika eUnited States
E-United States, iimeko zeZika ziye zabikwa eFlorida naseTexas. Abantu abambalwa baseMerika e-United States baye bafumanisa ukuba baneZika emva kokuhamba kwiindawo zokuqhawuka. Phantse zonke ziimeko apho umhambi obuyele kwilizwe elichaphazelekayo.
Kwinkoliso yamatyala, intsholongwane iyadluliselwa ngobudoda bemiyane. Ekubeni uhlobo lomiyane oluthwala iZika lufuna ukufudumala, iindawo ezinomdaka, amagosa ezempilo kumazwe asezantsi asenokukhathazeka ukuba ukuqubuka okuncinci kunokukwenzeka njengoko isimo sezulu sibuhlungu.
Zika Izimpawu kunye ne-Infecycle Infection
Ngokwe-World Health Organisation, abantu abangama-80 ekhulwini abafumana isifo sengculaza baya kuba neempawu ezimbalwa okanye akukho nto. Abo bagulayo banomdla obunempawu, kubandakanywa ne-fever ephantsi, ukukhawuleza, intlungu edibeneyo, intloko yesifo kunye nesiso lesinki.
I-Zika yintsholongwane ephilileyo. Ingathatha nantoni na kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwi-12 ukuze iimpawu zivele, ukuba zivela nonke. Ukuba kukho umgca wokusuleleka ku-Zika, kuqinisekiswe ukuba akusayi kuphinda kwenzeke kwakhona.
"Kanye kwindlela yakho, intsholongwane iyayicoca igazi lakho emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe.
Abantu abasulelekileyo abane-HIV bahlakulela ukukhuseleka kangangokuba abanakuze baphinde babe ne-HIV, "kusho uDkt. Christina Leonard Fahlsing, isifo sesifo esithathelwanayo kwi-Spectrum Health, inkqubo yezempilo engekho inzuzo eMichigan.
Abafazi abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini abasengozini
Uninzi lwasemngciphekweni ngabafazi abakhulelweyo, ingakumbi kwiinyanga zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Abantu abaninzi abanentsholongwane kaZika abayi kuba neempawu okanye baya kuba neempawu ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, umfazi okhulelwe, nokuba omnye ongenayo impawu, unokudlula uZika kumntwana okhulayo. Intsholongwane inxulumene nokuxuma okubukhali ekuzalweni kweintsana ezinamakhanda amancinane.
I-CDC okwenjenje ikhuthaza abafazi kunoma yiphina inqanaba lokukhulelwa libuyisele zonke iindawo ezichaphazelekayo yiZika.
Ukongeza, abesifazana abasetyhini kufuneka baqhelise isondo ngokukhusela ukusebenzisa iikhondom eziqala ubuncinane ngeveki ngaphambi kohambo oluya kwilizwe elichaphazelekayo kunye nokuqhubeka ubuncinane ngeveki emva kokubuyela ekhaya, kubonisa uDkt Fahlsing. Oku kuyaqiniseka ukuba nayiphi na intsholongwane engabonakaliyo isusile igazi emva kokuhamba kwilizwe apho iZika ixhaphake khona.
I-CDC incomela ukuba abafazi abachaphazelekayo yiZika kufuneka bayeke iiveki ezisibhozo ngaphambi kokuba babe nesondo esingakhuselekanga kunye namadoda kufuneka ahlale kwiiveki ezintandathu ukusuka kwisini esingakhuselekanga.
Izinyathelo Zokunceda Ukuthintela ukutyunjwa kwe-Zika Virus
Ukuba uhamba kwindawo apho i-virus yeZika isebenzayo, qiniseka ukuthatha amanyathelo:
- Hlalani kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nezikrini zomoya
- Ukusebenzisa umlumkiso omiyane
- Gqoka iintokhwe ezide kunye namabhulu ende
- Ugqoke iimpahla zokuphatha iimvume
- Ukucaca ngokucacileyo kwamanzi amileyo apho i-mosquito ikwazi ukuzala nokuphindaphinda
Uhambo lwe-Inshorensi kunye neZika
Ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwezempilo, iinqwelo-moya ezininzi zase-United States (kuquka iMelika, i-United, ne-Delta) zivumela abanye abathengi ukuba baxoshe okanye bahlehlise ihambo zabo xa bethengiselwe ukunyuka kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
Uninzi lwezicwangciso ze-inshorensi zonyango i-Zika virus njengazo naziphi na ezinye izifo kwiimigaqo kunye neemeko zesicwangciso, ngokutsho kukaStan Sandberg, umsunguli-siseko we-Travelinsurance.com. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umhambi unika i-virus ngethuba lokuhamba, phantsi kweeplani ezininzi abaza kubanjelwa kwizonyango eziphuthumayo, ukuphuma kwonyango kunye neenzuzo zokuphazamiseka kohambo.
- Ubuncinane ababoneleli be-inshurensi ababini, i-Roam Right kunye noKhuseleko lwee-APRIL, isixwayiso se-CDC asinakuchaphazela ukufumaneka kwe-inshurensi yokuhamba. Abahambi bangakwazi ukuthenga izicwangciso ze-inshurensi zokuhamba ukuya kumazwe adweliswe kwisixwayiso se-CDC.
- Akukho namnye wabanikezeli be-inshorensi yokuhamba baqwalasela i-CDC isilumkisa isizathu sokurhoxisa uhambo oluya kwilizwe elichaphazelekayo. Abahambi abafuna ukhetho lokurhoxisa kufuneka bathenge iiplani kunye neChapel for Any Cause (CFAR).
Iindawo apho iZika ayikho khona ixesha elide
Kukho ezinye iinqithi apho iZika ifunyenwe ngaphambili kodwa izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba intsholongwane ayikho. Oku kuthetha ukuba bonke abahambahambayo, kubandakanywa nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, banokutyelela ezi ndawo ngaphandle kwengozi eyaziwayo yokufumana i-Zika kumantongomane. Ukuba uZika ubuyela kwilizwe okanye kwintsimi kuloluhlu, i-CDC iya kuyisusa kuloluhlu kunye nolwazi oluhlaziywe ngolwazi.
Ukususela ngoNovemba 2017, olu luhlu lweziqithi luquka i-American Samoa, iCayman Islands, iI Cook Islands, i-Guadeloupe, iFrench Polynesia, iMartinique, i-Caledonia entsha, iSt. Barts neVanuatu.