Ukuzisa iiNtaba ezili-14 ezide emhlabeni
Iintaba ezili-14 ezide kunabo bonke emhlabeni zibizwa ngokuba "zii-8 000" kuba ngamnye umi kwiimitha ezingaphezu kwama-8 000.
Bonke abalishumi elinesibhozo bahlala kwii-Himalayas zaseAsia kunye neentaba zeKarakoram. Uluhlu lweKarakoram luhlula i-Indiya, i-China kunye ne-Pakistan.
- Funda malunga nokuya eNepal ukuza kubona abaninzi beenkulungwane ezimasibhozo.
Iintaba ezide kunazo zonke emhlabeni
Ngelixa iChina iphakanyise ukunyusa kwoluhlu lwaba-8 000 ngonyaka ka-2012, oku kuphakama ngaphezu kweenyawo ezingama-26,247 yizona ziqatshelwa ngokusemthethweni kuluntu jikelele.
Iibhozo ezili-8 zikulungele ukuphakama:
- INtaba Everest: 8,848 amitha (29,029 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina neNepal.
- I-K2: 8,611 yamitha (28,251 iinyawo); ephakathi kwePakistan neChina.
- Kangchenjunga: 8,586 amamitha (28,169 iinyawo); ephakathi kweNepal neIndiya.
- I-Lhotse: 8,516 ngamamitha (27,940 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina neNepal.
- Makalu: 8,485 kumitha (27,838 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina neNepal.
- Cho Oyu: 8,201 amamitha (26,906 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina neNepal.
- Dhaulagiri I: 8,167 kumitha (26,795 iinyawo); eliseNepal.
- Manaslu: 8,163 amitha (26,781 inyawo); eliseNepal.
- I-Parbat: 8,126 ngamamitha (26,660 iinyawo); ePakistan.
- UAnapapna I: 8,091 amitha (26,545 iinyawo); eliseNepal.
- I-Gasherbrum I: 8,080 ngamamitha (26,444 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina nePakistan.
- Inqanaba elibanzi: 8,051 amitha (26,414 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina nePakistan.
- I-Gasherbrum II: 8,034 amitha (26,358 iinyawo); ephakathi kweChina nePakistan.
- Shishapangma: 8,027 amitha (26,335 iinyawo); eChina.
I-Himalaya e-Asia
Intaba ye-monster yentaba yeyona ndawo ephezulu emhlabeni ngomdlalo obuninzi. Ama-Himalayas okanye umda umda amazwe ayisithupha: i-China, India, Nepal, Pakistan, eBhutan nase-Afghanistan. NgeNtaba i-Everest, i-eight thousand-thousand, kunye neentaba ezili-100 eziphakama ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-7 200 (ii-23,600 iinyawo), i-Himalayas iyimimangaliso yeentaba ezinzulu.
Inxalenye ephakamileyo ephakamileyo ngaphandle kwe-Asia yiAconcagua eArgentina ngenani le-6,960 metres (22,837 iinyawo). I-Aconcagua yenye yeeNqununu ezisixhenxe - iintaba ezide kakhulu kwilizwekazi ngalinye.
INtaba Everest
UKumkani wabantu abalisibhozo amawaka, mhlawumbi akukho nenye intaba emhlabeni efumana ininzi njengoko iNtaba ebizwa ngokuba yi-Mount Everest. Ngokugqithiseleyo, iNtaba i-Everest inokuba yintaba ende kunazo zonke kwihlabathi ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wolwandle, nangona kunjalo, akuyona into enzima kakhulu okanye eyingozi ukunyuka.
Ukususela ngo-2016, abantu abangaphezu kwama-250 bafile bazama ukuqokelela iNtaba Everest. Nangona ukulingana kwezinga lokufa kunokuphela kwe-4.3 yokufa kwabantu abayi-100 - abaphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa no-38% wezinga lokunciphisa u-Annapurna I -ukuthandwa kwentaba kunye neendleko zemigudu yanikezela ngokuba ngumntu obulalayo.
INtaba i-Everest ihlala e-Himalaya phakathi kweTibet neNepal. Kodwa edumileyo njengeNtaba i-Everest sele ibe yintaba ebonakalayo. Abaninzi bokuqala bexesha e-Nepal abaqinisekanga ukuba yiyiphi intaba e-Everest kude kubekho umntu obalawulayo!
- Jonga phi i-Mount Everest kwaye ufunde ezinye iinkcukacha ezimangalisayo malunga nentaba.
Ukunyuka kwama-Eight-Thousanders
Isibakala esingummangaliso, i- credit inikezwa kwi-Italia Reinhold Messner ngokuba ngumntu wokuqala ukudibanisa ngempumelelo yonke i-14 ye-eight thousand-thousand; wakwenza ngaphandle kokunceda iibhotile ze-oxygen.
Kwakhona waba ngowokuqala ukunyuka kwiNtaba ye-Everest ngaphandle kwe-oxygen eyongezelelweyo. U-Messner washicilelwa, phakathi kwezinye iincwadi ezininzi, iimemori zakhe kwi- All 14 Eight-Thousanders .
Ngomnyaka ka-2015, abantu abangama-33 kuphela baqhube ngempumelelo kwabo bonke aba-14 abalishumi elinesibhozo, nangona abanye abancinci abathile benyuka baye benza izikhalazo eziphikisanayo ezingazange ziqinisekiswe.
Ukuba ukunyuka kweentaba ezili-14 ezinde kakhulu zomhlaba kwakungekho ngokwaneleyo, abagadi beentaba baxhoma imida ngokuzama izitishi ezingenayo i-oksijini. I-Austrian intaba yaseGermany uGalinde Kaltenbrunner waba ngowesifazane wokuqala ukunyuka bonke abayi-14 abalishumi elinesibhozo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa oksijini.
Abambalwa beentaba baye bajoyina abantu abancinci abakhetha ukunyuka ebusika. Kuze kube ngoku, kuphela i-K2 (phakathi kwePakistan neTshayina) ne-Nanga Parbat (ePakistan) ayinakunyuswa kwiinyanga zonyaka zasebusika.
Ngo-2013, i-Peak enkulu (phakathi kwePakistan neTshayina) yagqitywa ngexesha lobusika.
Ngokunciphisa ama-38% (ngaphezulu kweyodwa kwabavakathathu abatshabalalayo), u-Annapurna I eNepal uphethe isihloko esichukumisayo njengentaba eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. I-K2 ifike okwesibini ngokulinganiselwa kwe-23% (ngaphezulu kweyodwa kwabahlanu abakhuphukayo bayaphela).
Ukuhamba Ngama-Eight-Thousanders
Nangona ngokwenene ukunyuka kweentaba ezide kakhulu zehlabathi kungenakufikelela kubantu abaninzi, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kweentaba kunika imibono engabonakaliyo ngaphandle kweengozi zesilingo somhlangano. Iintlanzi zinokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba ushiye ekhaya okanye ube kunye phantsi kwi- arhente ezahlukahlukeneyo kweli lizwe .
Isiphaluka se-Annapurna seNepal sinokuphulwa zibe ngamacandelwana okanye sigqitywe ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu. Uhambo oludumileyo kwi-Everest Base Camp e-Nepal lunokugqitywa ngabani na omelekayo ngaphandle koqeqesho okanye uqeqesho lobuchwepheshe.