Ukungazi kakuhle iimilo zenkcubeko zaseBurma kunokukufaka ejele
Ukuhamba noJim Croce, "Awuyi kukhwela kwiCape Superman; awuyikuphalaza emoyeni; awuyikukrazula i-mask ngaphandle kweLone Ranger." Kwaye ukuhamba ngeziganeko zakutshanje eMyanmar , awuthathi mfanekiso kaBuddha.
Inani labangaphandle liyenze loo mpazamo kwaye lihlawulelwe kakhulu. Ininzi nje yakutshanje, umkhenkethi waseSpain wahlanganiswa kunye neetempileni zikaBagan xa iinkokeli zibona itekisi kaBuddha kwenkonyane.
Kwimeko efanayo, umhenkethi waseCanada wabanjwa eLwandle lwase-Inle emva kokuba ummandla wendawo ebona ubuso bukaBuddha obunobumba emlenzeni wakhe. Bobabini baxoshwa eMyanmar ngokukhuseleko lwabo.
Kwaye zombini iimeko zibuhlungu xa zithelekiswa nomphathi we-bar eYangon owakhonza iminyaka engaphezulu entolongweni, nje ngokuthumela umfanekiso we-intanethi kaBuddha kwi-headphones.
Le mizekelo ibonisa ukunyaniseka okwenzekayo eMyanmar. Abahambi bezinye iintlanga banokudityaniswa nokusetyenziswa okulula kweBulgdha iconography kwenye indawo kwihlabathi, ngoko ufumanisa indlela enzima ngayo iMyanmar isebenza kwimithetho eqhelekileyo. Kwaye imbali edibeneyo yaseMyanmar kunye neWest ekubeni yintoni, abaphathi basekhaya bazimisele ukwenza umzekelo wabaseNtshona bawela umgca.
I-Case ye-Headphones-Inxibe Buddha
Hayi, ukuba iBuddha Bar ingakwenza, kutheni u-VGastro akakwazi ukwenza njalo? Ngomzamo wokukhuthaza ukusekwa kwabo kwi-Facebook, uNew Zealander uFilipu Blackwood uthumele umfanekiso weBuddha egqoke i-headphone - ekwahlula kwimvelaphi ye-psychedelic, mhlawumbi wayephulaphule into ethile.
Umfanekiso ngokukhawuleza wahamba wentsholongwane ngenxa yezizathu ezingalunganga. I-Burry evuthayo yayidlulisela umfanekiso kumabonwakude asekuhlaleni, kwaye iqela lokubhikisha lahlelwa phambi kwe-VGastro bar - ngokugqithiseleyo yayiya kwiimonki ezinxulumene nentlangano yamaSulumane kwenye indawo eMyanmar. Amapolisa asekuhlaleni anyanzelekile ukuba athathe inyathelo; I-Blackwood ibanjwe kunye nomnini waseBurma kunye nomphathi ngoDisemba 2014, kwaye yabanjwa ejele laseYangon elibizwa ngokuba yi-Insein Prison.
"Ngexesha leseshoni yokuphenywa, uMnu Philip, oqhuba i-bar ngokubanzi, wathi uthumele iphephancwadi nge-intanethi ngo-Disemba 9 ukukhuthaza ibha," uLt-Col. U-Thien Win, usekela likomphathi-polisa waseBahan, kamva wachaza umagazini i-Irrawaddy. "Uthe wakwenza oko kuba ukusebenzisa uBuddha kwiintengiso kwindlela yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye wacinga ukuba kuya kubangela umdla."
Etilongweni, i-Blackwood ayikwazanga ukufumana ikhefu. Njengowesinye isizwe, akazange avunyelwe nayiphi na indwendwe. Kwaye abameli abane basekhaya bajika icala lakhe, elinye likhankanya uxinzelelo lwamapolisa.
Ngo-Matshi 2015, i-Blackwood kunye nabasebenzi baseBurma bagwetywa iminyaka emibini entolongweni phantsi kweemigqaliselo 295 no-295 (a) ye-Code ye-Penal Code yaseMyanmar ejezisa "inkolo yokuhlambalaza" kunye "nokulimaza inkolo." Iinyanga ezongezelelweyo ezintandathu zafakwa kwisivakalisi ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemimiselo yolawulo.
I-Blackwood yagqitywa ekupheleni kukaJanuwari kunyaka ozayo, kwaye yabuyela ngokukhawuleza eNew Zealand.
Umcimbi weBuddha Leg Tattoos
Ngokuthelekiswa, uJason Polley noCesar Hernan Valdez bahamba lula.
UPolley, uprofesa waseyunivesithi yaseKhanada, uqhuba i-Mahayana Buddhist, kwaye watshela iCBC News ukuthi wayenomfanekiso weBuddha emlenzeni wakhe "ukumela insika yenkxaso."
Abanye abantu baseBurma babengaboni tattoo ngendlela efanayo. Xa uPolley nentombi yakhe bevakashela iMyanmar ngoJulayi 2014, ummi waseBurma wathabatha umfanekiso wesigxina sikaPolley waza wenza isithukuthelo kwi-Facebook, efana ne-Blackwood kaBuddha umfanekiso, wakhawuleza wakhangela zonke iintlobo zengqalelo engathandekiyo.
Kuye kwavela isikhundla sikaJason's Buddha tattoo sasihlambalaza. Isabelo samaBurma sisinxungubo se-Balinese nesiThai kunye neengxenye zomzimba ezantsi, kunye nembono kaBuddha kangangokuthi ibhalwe phantsi emlenzeni wendoda yavusa isenzo esivela kwi-visceral reaction kwi-Buddhists yaseBurma.
Abasemagunyeni baqatshelwa, kwaye babanjwa kunye nePolley kwiLwandle lwase-Inle. I-Polley kunye nentombi yakhe yafakwa kwangoko imoto eYangon International Airport, iiyure eziyi-15; Amagosa aseburhulumenteni baseTshayina eHong Kong angenelela egameni lawo, kodwa abo babini banquma ukushiya.
"Siyicinga ukuba ihambe ngokukhuselekileyo ukuba ihambe, inikwe i-disinformation malunga noJason ... ejikeleza eMyanmar," intombi kaPolley Margaret Lam yaxelela iSouth China Morning Post.
Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, othile uCesar Hernan Valdez (umthombo) wabanjwa eBagan emva kokuba umonki ebone uBatdha umlenze wecala lakhe kwaye waxela kumapolisa wezokhenketho. (Le ngxelo yaseBurma ye-Facebook eyaphula iindaba.) NjengoPolley, uValdez wayevalelwe, waziswa eJangon waza wathumela ekhaya.
"Asinaso isizathu sokubagxotha," uNgqongqoshe wezeMicimbi yeNkcubeko kunye neNkcubeko uAung San Win wachaza kamva. "Sibacela nje ukuba banakekele ukhuseleko lwabo kuba abanye abantu babenokujonga itekisi emlenzeni wakhe njengento yokugxeka inkolo."
I-Tide Rising of Rising Nationalism eMyanmar
Kulula ukwenza ukufana phakathi kwezi meko eMyanmar kunye nokungathandabuzeki kweThailand kweso nasiphi na isithuko kuKumkani wabo. NjengoKumkani eThailand, iBuddhism eMyanmar iphakathi kweso sazisi saseBurma.
Kwaye njengomntwana waseThai, umfanekiso kaBuddha usebenza njengendlela yokubambisana ngokukhawuleza kumaqela athile anomdla. Njengoko izilingo ze-majeste eThailand zikhulile ngokukhawuleza kunye neemeko zobupolitiko, ukutshutshiswa kweBuddha kubonakala kuhamba kunye nobuzwe bobuBurmese abangenako.
Amaqela eBuddhist amazwe afana ne-969 Movement kunye ne-Ma Ba Tha baye bafumana inkxaso eninzi, abayisebenzisayo ukunyusa imithetho enqanda inkululeko yonqulo eMyanmar (abafazi bamaBuddha, ngokukodwa, banqatshelwe ukutshata nabesilisa kwezinye iicawa, ukuba bahambe umthetho osanda kuvunywa).
Iinjongo zabo zifana nezobuzwe njengoko zinqulo, ezibeka abaNtsundu njengeMnyama kunye nePolley kwindawo engalunganga. Abantu baseBurma, besalugxininisa ukuxhomekeka kwexesha elide eliphantsi kweBrithani eRajj, abayiyibaza ukubuyela kumaNtshonalanga abonisa ukukholelwa kwabo.
Izifundo zafunda indlela enzima
Le nto ayiyiyo inzame yokugxeka abo baseNtshona-ntsapho abachaphazelekayo, abonakala benetyala ngenxa yokungazi imithetho yeMyanmar kwiimvakalelo zonqulo. Ixesha elibi, nalo lidlala inxaxheba: zabo izono zazingeke zijeziswe kancinci ngexesha elidlulileyo, kodwa iimvakalelo zesizwe eMyanmar ngoku zitshintshile.
Kwaye kungenokuba kulula ukuwamkela, kodwa ukusola kwabo basemzini ngokuqinisekileyo kubangelwayo. AmaBurma kungenzeka ukuba amkele abavakhenkethi ngeengalo ezivulekile, kodwa akubona bonke abazenzayo. Oku kunjalo kwi-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia ngokubanzi , kungekuphela nje iMyanmar: abahlali bayabakhathalela kakhulu abantu bezinye iintlanga baziphathe kakubi , kwaye kukho abantu abanomdla okwaneleyo kwi-Facebook ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-faux pas yakho iya kwintsholongwane. (UJason Polley wayenelisekile ngokungazi ukuba umthetho wakhe umlenze unobangela wabangela ukuba iinqununu zaseBurma zitsho kuye, "Uyayiqonda ukuba uyinkwenkwezi ye-Facebook eMyanmar?")
Kukho isifundo esisodwa abahambahambayo kufuneka bathathe kulo: musa ukuthatha iinkolelo zelizwe lakho lomkhosi . Oku kusebenza kakhulu kwiCambodia nase- Indonesia njengokuba kwenza eMyanmar: njengokungathi kulula njengokuba abantu bendawo bebonakala ngathi, baninzi bafaka umgca kwizenzo ezithintela iinkolelo zabo zonqulo.
Ngokungafaniyo eUnited States nakwamanye amazwe aseNtshona, amazwe amaninzi aseMzantsi-mpuma yeAsia akha inkolo karhulumente, ngokusebenzayo ukuba ayingekho ngokomthetho. IMyanmar, iThailand, neCambodia yonke imimiselo eyaziwayo indawo ekhethekileyo yobuBuddha kuluntu; Amazwe wobuKomanisi afana neLaos neVietnam basoloko banamalungu amaninzi eBuddhist.
Oku kuthetha ukuba iziphoso ezibangelwa kwinkolo yasekuhlaleni zihlala zineempembelelo zomthetho. Yaye ipasipoti yakho yangaphandle iyakwenza ukhuseleko lwakho; ngokuphambene nenene. (Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, akukho namagqwetha asekuhlaleni aya kufuna ukuthintela ityala lakho ngesigxina seenyawo ezisixhenxe - buza uFilipu Blackwood.)
Ukuze uhlale kwindawo ekhuselekileyo eMyanmar (okanye yonke indawo, ngenxa yolu hlobo), landela la macebiso alula:
- Musa ukuxoxisana nonqulo nabani na bahlali
- Gcina nayiphi na imifanekiso yecawa (naluphi na unqulo) phantsi kwe-wraps
- Ukuphatha nayiphi imifanekiso yenkolo yendawo ngenhlonipho - ukusuka kwimifanekiso yeBuddha kwiitempile kunoma yiyiphi imembuzelo yeBuddha
Ukuze uthole ezinye iingcebiso ze-etiquette ezikhethekileyo zelizwe, funda amanqaku ethu kwi- Do and Do not in Myanmar , Etiquette eCambodia kunye ne- Do kwaye Awunayo eThailand . Kwakhona kufanelekile: funda ngeDo neDonts for Templates Buddhist .