Okufuneka Ukwazi Ngomkhosi we-Iconic ye-Odisha
Umkhosi wePuri Rath Yatra (indawo ebizwa ngokuba yiRatha Jatra) isekelwe kukunqula kweNkosi uJagannath, ukuzalwa kwakhona kweenkosi zeVishnu kunye neKrishna. Kukhunjelwa ukutyelela kwakhe kwinyanga, kwindawo yaseGundicha, kunye nekhaya lika-anti kunye nomntakwabo omkhulu uBalabhadra noodadewabo base-Subhadra.
Uphi na uMthendeleko?
KwiTempile yaseJagannath ePuri, u-Odisha. I-Puri i malunga neyure nesiqingatha ukusuka kwisixeko esikhulu saseBhubaneshwar.
Umthendeleko ushiywa nini?
Ngokwekhalenda ye-Odia yendabuko, i-Rath Yatra iqala ngosuku lwesibini lweShukla Paksha (isigaba sokukhanga kwenyanga okanye intsuku ezinde) kwinyanga yesi-Hindu ye-Ashadha. Ngo-2018, iqalisa ngoJulayi 14 kwaye iphelile ngoJulayi 26.
Kanye emva kweminyaka emine ukuya ku-19, xa inyanga ka-Ashadha ilandelwa enye inyanga ka-Ashadha (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"Ashadha" kabini), isithethe esingabonakaliyo kunye nesigxina seNabhaleybar . Intsingiselo ethi "umzimba omtsha", uNabakalebara yilapho izithixo zetempile zithathwa endaweni entsha. Ngenkulungwane yokugqibela, isithethe senziwa ngo-1912, 1931, 1950, 1969, 1977, 1996, no-2015.
Ukwenziwa kweeIdols ezintsha
Ekubeni izithixo zeNkosi uJagannath, umzalwana wakhe omdala uBalabhadra kunye noodadewabo uStratra zenziwe ngokhuni, ziya kuhlaziya ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye neemfuno zokutshintshwa. Izithixo ezitsha ziqulunqwe kwi-neem zemithi. Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo yonke imithi yomthi efanelekileyo kule njongo.
Ngokutsho kwezibhalo, imithi kufuneka ibe neempawu ezithile (njengenani elithile lamasebe, umbala, kunye nendawo) nganye kwizithixo.
Ngomnyaka apho izithixo zifuneka ukuba zitshintshwe khona, inxalenye yabafundisi, abakhonzi kunye nabachweli bavela kwiTempile yaseJagannath ukufumana imithi yemigangatho efanelekileyo (eyaziwa ngokuba yiDaru Brahma) kwindawo ebizwa ngokuthi iB Banajag Yatra .
Ababingeleli bahamba behamba ngeenyawo baya etempileni likaThixokazikazi uMangala eKakatpur, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-50 ukusuka ePuri. Kulapho, ukazikazi uvela ephupheni, kwaye ukhokela kubabingeleli malunga nokuba imithi ingafumaneka phi.
Emva kokuba imithi ikhona, bayabuyiselwa ngasese ethempelini ngamatokethi enkuni, kwaye izithixo ezintsha zivezwe iqela elikhethekileyo labachweli. Ukudweba kwenzeka kwindawo ekhethiweyo ngaphakathi kwetempile, eyaziwa ngokuba nguKoili Baikuntha , kufuphi nesango lasenyakatho. INkosi Krishna ikholelwa ukuba ibonakale kuRadha ngendlela yeentaka ze-cuckoo apho.
Umthendeleko ugubha njani?
Unyaka wonke, umkhosi weRath Yatra uqala ngezithixo zeNkosi Jagannath, kunye nomzalwana wakhe omkhulu uBalabhadra noodadewabo uStratra, ekukhutshweni kwabo behlala endlwini yeJagannath. Aba bathathu baya kwiTempeli laseGundicha, iikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka. Bahlala khona iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngaphambi kokuba babuyele nge-Mausi Maa Temple, indawo yokuhlala kaMalume waseJagannath.
Izithixo zihanjiswa kwiinqwelo zokulwa, eziye zenziwa zifana nezithempelesi, zinika umthendeleko igama layo elithi Rath Yatra - uMthendeleko weCharot. Iindwendwe ezili-1 ezihambahambayo zihlala zikhuphukela kulo mcimbi ombala.
Ziziphi izithethe ezenziwayo ngexesha leMthendeleko?
Ukudalwa kwezithixo ezintsha kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezithixo ezindala kufanekisela ukuzalwa kwakhona.
Iingoma zokuzinikela kunye nemithandazo evela kwiVedas zihlabelela ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwendawo apho izithixo ezitsha ziqoshwe kwi-bois yemithi. Emva kokuba zigqityiwe, izithixo ezitsha ziqhutyelwa ngaphakathi kwe-sanctum yangaphakathi yetempile kwaye zibhekiswe kwizithixo ezindala. Amandla amakhulu ( Brahma ) athatyathwa ukusuka kumdala ukuya kwizithixo ezintsha, kwisithethe esaziwa njengeBrahma Paribartan (Ukutshintsha Umphefumlo). Esi siko senziwa ngasese. Umbingeleli owenza isithethe uvalwe amehlo, kwaye izandla zakhe neenyawo zihlanganiswe ngendwangu enqabileyo yengubo, ukuze akwazi ukubona okanye ukuva ukutshintshwa.
Xa isiko siphelile, izithixo ezintsha zihleli e troneni yazo. Izithixo ezindala zithathwa kwiKoili Baikuntha kwaye zingcwatyelwe khona kwimibhiyozo engcwele ngaphambi kokusa. Kuthiwa ukuba xa umntu ebona lo mkhosi, ngaphandle kwababingeleli abawenzayo, baya kufa.
Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente karhulumente uyalela ukukhanya okupheleleyo kwezibane e-Puri ngobusuku ngalo mcimbi. Emva koko, izithethe zetempile ziqala ngokuqhelekileyo. Iintyatyambo kunye neengubo ezintsha zinikezwa oothixo, ukutya kunikwa, kunye ne- pujas (unqulo) lwenziwe.
Kunyaka ngamnye, iinqwelo ezintsha zokulwa ezintathu zenziwe ukuba izithuthi zihanjiswe ngexesha lomthendeleko. Yinkqubo ecacileyo eyenzekayo kuluntu, phambi kwendlu yasebukhosini kufuphi neYagannath tempile (funda malunga nokwakhiwa kwenqwelo yenqwelo yeRath Yatra ). Ukwakhiwa rhoqo kuqala ngethuba likaAkshay Tritiya . Ngo-2018, iyawa ngo-Ephreli 18.
Ngeentsuku ezili-18 ngaphambi kokuba umkhosi weRath Yatra uqale, ezi zithathu zithi zihlambulule kunye kunye nemigodi yamanzi ayi-108. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba nguStanana Yatra yaye kwenzeka kwinyanga epheleleyo ngenyanga yesiHindu yeJyeshtha (eyaziwa ngokuba yiJyeshtha Purnima ). Ngo-2018, iyawa ngoJuni 28. Kukholelwa ukuba oothixo baya kufumana umkhuhlane emva kokuhlamba. Ngenxa yoko, zigcinwa ngaphandle kwembono yoluntu de zivele, zihlaziywe, ngenyanga entsha ku-Ashadha (eyaziwa ngokuthi nguAshadha Amavasya ). Ngo-2018, liwela ngoJulayi 12. Isihlandlo sibizwa ngokuthi iNavajouban Darshan.
I-Rath Yatra ngumthendeleko woluntu. Abantu abakunquli kwizindlu zabo okanye bazilawule.
Xa oothixo bebuya ekuhambeni kwabo, bahlotshiswe bahlotshiswe ngeempahla zegolide ecocekileyo baze banike isiselo esinxilisayo, ngaphambi kokuba babuyiselwe ngaphakathi kwindlu yeJagannath.
Isiqephu sokuzonwabisa esicacisayo senziwa ngababukeli, njengenxalenye yesiphelo esikhulu. Ukazikazi uLakshmi utyumkile ukuba umyeni wakhe, iNkosi uJagannath, uye wahlala kude ixesha elide ngaphandle kokumema okanye ukumxelela. Uvale iingcango zetempile kuye, amkhiphe ngaphandle. Ekugqibeleni, uyakwazi ukumbamba iipesele, aze avuke aze amvumele angene.
Ziziphi iiRath Yatra Ditual Dates ze-2018?
- ESri Gundicha: ngoJulayi 14 . Ukubekwa koothixo ezinqwelweni kunye nohambo lweTempeli laseGundicha. Inqwelo yokuqala yokuhamba yiyo iNkosi uBalabhadra. Okulandelayo yi-Subhadra, kunye neNkosi yokugqibela yeJagannath.
- Hera Panchami: NgoJulayi 17. Umfazikazikazi uLakmimi, umfazi weNkosi uJagannath, uyaxhalabisa kuba engabuya. Uthukuthele, uya kwiTempile yaseGundicha ukumfumana aze abone oko kwenzekayo.
- Bahuda Yatra: Julayi 22 . Uhambo olukhulu lokubuyela kwiNgcango yeSango leSango leJagannath. Izinqwelo zokulwa ziya kutsalwa ngokulandelelana.
- Suna Besha: Julayi 23 . Ukuhlobisa oothixo kwiintsimbi zegolide. (Esi siko esithandwa kakhulu).
- Adhara Pana: Julayi 24 . Ukunikela oothixo isiselo sokuncedisa impilo.
- Niladri Bijay: Julayi 26 . Iimpawu zibuyiselwa ngaphakathi kwindlu yeJagannath.
Yintoni enokuyilindela kwiRath Yatra Festival?
I-Rath Yatra umthendeleko kuphela kwimeko apho abantu abangengabo amaHindu, abangavunyelwe ngaphakathi kwetempile, banokubona kwabo bonkulunkulu. Ukubona nje ngeNkosi uJagannath enqwelweni, okanye nokuba yichukumise inqwelo, inqatshelwe ukuba yinto enomdla kakhulu.
Inani elikhulu labanikeleyo ekuhlaleni umthendeleko libeka umngcipheko wokhuseleko. Ubomi bahlala belahleka kwisihlwele esikhulu, ngoko kufuneka kunyathelwe ingqalelo.
Ulwazi oluthandayo malunga neNkosi uJagannath
Isithixo seNkosi uJagannath asinayo imilenze nemilenze. Uyazi ukuba kutheni? Kubonakala ngathi, yenziwe ngemithi ngomchweli emva kokuba iNkosi ifike kuKumkani ephupheni, yamyalela ukuba isithixo senziwe. Ukuba ubani wabona isithixo ngaphambi kokuba igqitywe, umsebenzi awuyi kuqhubela phambili. UKumkani waba nesineke waza wathabatha isithandwa, kwaye isithixo asihlali siphele. Abanye abantu bathi ukungapheleli kukaJagannath kubonisa ukungapheleli okusijikelezile, kwaye oko kuyisikhumbuzo sokuba nomusa kwabo bahluke kuthi.