Thatha iNtyelelo kwiifoto zeNdlu yaseBlenheim kwiCotswolds

01 ngo 08

Imbonakalo ye-Aerial yendawo enkulu kakhulu

Imbali yaseBlenheim, enye yezindlu ezizizimeleyo eBrithani, yayiyikhaya lokuzalwa kunye nekhaya lomntwana kaSir Winston Churchill. Lo mzekelo omhle wezakhiwo zaseBraque zaseNgesi kwaye, kunye nezizathu ezintle kunye nezikhangayo, wenza usuku olukhulu oluphuma eLondon, Oxford okanye eBirmingham.

Kwaqala njengesipho esivela kukumkani onombulelo, uKumkanikazi uEnne, kuYohn Churchill, owokuqala uDuke waseMarlborough, ngokuhlonelwa kwakhe kweFrentshi ngo-1704 iMfazwe yaseBlenheim kwiMfazwe yeSpanish.

Ngethuba lebhotwe elinesibhakabhaka laligqityiwe, ezinye zezona zakhiwo ezinkulu, abaqulunqi, abalimi behlabathi, abadwebi, abaqingqiweyo kunye nabadwebi bemifanekiso yekhulu le-18 babeye bathatha inxaxheba ekudalweni kwayo kodwa i-Duchess yawa kunye nayo yonke into-kuquka no-Queen of England.

Phantse iiyure ezimbini ukusuka kwiLondon ngemoto (ngaphantsi ngesitimela kunye nebhasi yendawo), i-Palace yaseBlenheim yenza uhambo olulula oluvela eLondon kunye "neyomfuneko" kuyo nayiphi na ityelelo leMpuma-mpuma okanye iCotswolds. Thatha uhambo lwakhe, uze ucwangcise uhambo lwakho.

Cwangcisa Ukutyelela kwiNdlunkulu yaseBlenheim

02 ngo 08

North Front

Ibhotwe, eyakhelwe uJohn Churchill, owokuqala uDuke waseMarlborough, yayingumvuzo wokukhokela imikhosi kwi-Battle of Blenheim. U-Queen Anne, iminyaka emibili kuphela ekubanjeni kwakhe, wamnika "iManor kunye neHlonstock ye-Woodstock kunye nekhulu le-Wooton", kunye ne-£ 240,000 ukwakha indlu eya kuba yikhumbuzo ekunqobeni kwayo. Ekugqibeleni, indlu kunye nabahlali bayo abadumileyo ngenxa yokuba badume kakhulu kunokoyisa ukunqabisa.

I-Churchill yayisetyenziselwe ubuhlobo bobukumkani, kunye noSara umfazi kaYohane engumhlobo osondeleyo we-Queen Anne. Ngazo zonke iingxelo, kufuneka ukuba ube yinto encinane, kuba ngexesha le ndlu yagqitywa, wayesehlile kunye nabakhi, umakhi wezobugcisa, abaculi kunye nabenzi bezandla, bengakhange bathi ngo-Queen.

Iindwendwe zanamhlanje kwiBlenheim zingakhenketha indlu okanye zizonwabele igadi, ipaki kunye neenqwelomoya ezahlukeneyo kule ndawo yeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO.

03 we-08

I-Clock Tower eBlenheim Palace

Ngoxa i-Duke yaseMarborough yaya empini, ijongene neFrentshi kwakhona kwi-Battle of Ramillies ngo-1706, umfazi wakhe uSara wayezibhokoxa ngokudala indlu eyisikhumbuzo. Naluphi na ukubheka kuyo, iimpawu kunye namatye emfazwe athile.

Umcebisi uJohn Vanbrugh, naye owayengumdlali we-18 wenkosi yaseChristine, owayengumdlali oneminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, waxhaswa nguNichollas Hawksmoor, owadala amaninzi eZixeko ezidumile zaseLondon. ULancelot "Ukwazi" uBrown, wenza ipaki kunye namachibi.

Kodwa, njengoko iprojekthi yaba yindoda ethe xaxa kwaye yabiza, u-Queen noSara bickered. Izopolitiko zatshintshile enkundleni kwaye, xa ama-Marlborough ahlaselwa ngo-1712, imali yeprojekthi yome. Ngaloo xesha, iVanbrugh yayinetyala elingama-45,000 kwii-45 000 kwaye zonke izakhiwo zaye zaphela.

04 we-08

IHolo Elikhulu eBlenheim Palace

Ngoxa i-Duke yaseMarlborough yayingekho ukulwa, uSarah, i-Duchess, wazinikela ekwakheni isikhumbuzo ekuzukeni kwakhe njengeHolo Elikhulu.

Xa amaMarlborough ahlaselwa enkundleni, imali yokwakha i-Palace yaseBlenheim yome. Ngokuqinisekileyo baya ekuthinjweni eYurophu iminyaka emibini, bebuya kuphela ekufeni kukaMongameli Anne.

Imisebenzi yendlu yaqala kwakhona ngo-1716 kodwa, ekubeni iDuke yayikhupha ephaketheni lakhe (i-£ 60,000 kuyo yonke into) wenqaba ukuhlawula irhafu yesithsaba. Ezinye zeengcweti zeengcweti, njenge-carver Grinling Gibbons, owakhenkceza eli gumbi, wenqaba ukubuyela kwizinga eliphantsi lokuhlawula. UVanbrugh no-Hawksmoor baphinde baxhaswa kodwa uVanbrugh washiya ngobushushu emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, ekhononda ngeengxaki zokugxekwa kweDuchess kunye "nokunyanzeliswa" kwakhe. Kubonakala ngathi iingxaki zabakhi zingunaphakade.

U-Hawksmoor wabuya emva kokufa kukaDuke ukuze enze i-trichphal arch inhlonipho yakhe. Kodwa iVanbrugh ayizange ivumeleke kwakhona kwipropati kwakhona.

Nxamnye namaDrama ...

... indlu eyakhayo yadalwa. Abaveleli bangena kwiNdwendwe yaseBlenheim ngeHolo enkulu, ngaphambi kokuba baqalise ukutyelelwa kweekhenkethi zamagumbi anamnandi. IHolo lika-67 leenyawo eziphezulu zelitye lalipendezwe nguSir James Thornhill kwaye ibonisa uMdumba wokuqala wengubo yamaRoma ebonisa icebo lakhe lokulwa eBritannia.

Imizobo yamatye ejikeleze egumbini yiGrinkling Gibbons kwaye i-inventory yezindlu ichaza ngokuthi "i-cutt eyaziwayo icebile kwaye iyancipha kakhulu." Ngethuba ngeli gumbi, jonga umgca webhedu we-9th Duke kwiNkundla yakhe yeengubo zeGarter, nguSir Jacob Epstein.

05 ka 08

Igumbi lokuBhala iGreen eBlenheim Palace

Igumbi laseChina liyokuyeka kuqala kwikhenketho yaseBlenheim. Phakathi kweeNkonzo zeSevres kunye neMeissen eziboniswe apho, khangela iMeissen tureen ngeesitela zemonom zokuphatha. Inxalenye yenkonzo enikezwe kwiDuke yesithathu nguKumkani wasePoland ngokutshintshela ipakethe ye-stag hounds.

I-ofisi ecacileyo ekamelweni, ehlotshiswe nge-marquetry yanamhlanje, yenziwe nge-Millennium ngu-Viscount Linley, umntakwabo ka-Queen.

I-Suite Suite

Ngekhulu le-18 nele-19, iindwendwe ezidumileyo eziye zivakatye i-Palace yaseBlenheim ziya kunikwa ukusetyenziswa kwamagumbi amathathu. Igumbi lokuBhala lokuGcina, elifaniswe apha, liyinxalenye yoluhlu olubandakanya:

• Igumbi lokuDrafta elihlaza elihlotshiswe ngesitayela saseLouis XV. Unesitopu esicacileyo, ehlotshiswe kwiqabunga legolide eli-24K, nguNicholas Hawksmoor kunye newashi elimangalisayo okanye i-ormolu clock eyenziwe nguGosselin waseParis. Khawujonge i-portrait ye-Duke yesi-4 kwiNkundla yakhe yeengubo ze-Garter (ekhangeleka njengoGeorge Washington). Kwimvelaphi, ungabona oko "ukukwazi" ukukhwabanisa kweBrown kubonakala ngathi kwiXesha le-18 kunye neTempile kaDiana, ububuwula beklasi, apho uWinston Churchill wacebisa umfazi wakhe.
• Igumbi lokuDrafa eliBomvu elihlotshiswe ngefenitshala yaseChippendale kunye neCapeon carpet. Iimpawu ezimbini ezibalulekile ukuthatha ixesha elide phezu kwazo ziyimifanekiso ye-Duke yesi-4 kunye nosapho lwakhe ngu-Sir Joshua Reynolds kunye nomfanekiso we-9 uDuke kunye nomfazi wakhe waseMerika, u-Consuelo Vanderbilt, obonwe ngu-American Singer Sargent.

Igumbi lokuBhala iGreen

Phakathi kobuncwane beli gumbi, ininzi edumileyo yi-tapestry yaseBelgium ebonisa i-Duke yokuqala eyamkela ukunikezelwa kweFrentshi kwi-Battle of Blenheim. Kuyamangalisa kuba kungqina ngokuzibonela. Nabani na onomdla kwimbali ye-18 yempi yempi kufuneka achithe ixesha elithile efunda yonke into eyenziwa emva kwesenzo esiphezulu se-tapestry.

06 we-08

Saloon

Cinga ukuba ube negumbi endlwini yakho oyisebenzisayo kanye ngonyaka. I-Saloon, igumbi lokudlela laseburhulumenteni eBlenheim Palace yilelo gumbi. Intsapho yeDuke yaseMarlborough iyisebenzise iKrisimesi yokutya kunye neyo malunga nayo.

Imibala kunye nemizobo kule ndawo egqibeleleyo yayigqitywe ngumculi waseFransi uLouis Laguerre, owathi wathwala imali engama-£ 500 kwiqashiso. USir James James Thornhill, owawucwecwe iipiliti zeHolo Elikhulu wayethunywe ukuba akwenze oku gumbini, kodwa uSara, u-Duchess wokuqala waseMarlborough waphikisana nemirhumo yakhe. Wayeyaziwayo ngeemali eziphikisanayo kunye nokuphikisana neengcweti kunye nabasebenzi ababeqeshwe. Kwimbambano efanayo nabakhi, i-master carver i-Grinling Gibbons yagqiba enye yeefowuni zengxube yemarbo ekhethiweyo xa umsebenzi wendlu unqunyanyisiwe ngo-1712. Akazange abuyele xa umsebenzi uqala kwakhona.

Isikhulu esikhulu, esinesilivere esiqinileyo kwisilili sichaza i-1st Duke, ehamba ngehashe, ebhala ngokuthumela umfazi wayo, emyalela ukuba abikele ukunqoba eBlenheim ku-Queen Anne. Ukuthunyelwa, okubhalwa phantsi kwe-bill ye-tavern, igcinwe kwiLibrari yaseBrithani (ikopi igcinwe kwiGumbi lokuqala loMbuso). Icandelo eliphambili lenziwe nguGarard, iJonne Jewelers.

07 ka 08

Igumbi lokuqala loMbuso kwiNdlu yaseBlenheim

Ezinye iipapestestries zaseBelgium zibonisa ukunqoba kwempi yaseMarborough kwindawo yokuqala yokuqala yamathathu "karhulumente" adibanisa iSaloon kwiLathala elide.

I-Duke yokuqala yanikezela uluhlu lwe-tapestries e-11, evela kwiBegian weaver deVos, ukukhunjulwa kwimpumelelo yakhe yempi ye-18 leminyaka. Imfazwe yaseBlenheim iboniswe kwiGumbi lokuBhala iGreen. Phakathi kwabo baboniswe kule gumbi:

• Umtshini weDonauworth, obonisa imikhosi yaseMarborough elungiselela ukuhlasela iinqaba kunye nomzi onogada.
• Imfazwe yaseMalplaquet
• Ukuwela iLines yeBrabant
• Ukuvinjelwa kweLille.

Ngaphezulu kwendawo yokucima umlilo ngumfanekiso kaConuelo Vanderbilt, umfazi waseMelika wokuqala weDuke 9. Kwakuyimali, i-Vanderbilt imali eyayikunceda ukubuyisela ukufakwa kwesiqulatho solu gumbi. Lihlotshiswe ngegolide le-9 ye-carat kwaye likopishwa kwi-plail eVersailles.

I-Standard Quit-Rent

Enye yezobukhulu bendlu yeBlenheim i-Standard Quit-Rent. Ibhanki eneentlanzi ezintathu ze-lys, ngumgangatho waseburhulumenteni waseFransi. Ngokomyalelo ka-Queen Anne, umgangatho omtsha wokuKhutshwa kweRhafu unikezelwa kumlawuli unyaka ngamnye ngosuku lokukhumbula iMfazwe yaseBlenheim.

Ngeli gumbi, qinisekisa ukuba ukhangele i-crack, i-crack cradle apho i-Duchess Consuelo yayigubha khona oonyana bakhe babini, omnye wabo waba ngu-Duke we-10.

08 ka 08

ILibrari ende kwiNdlu yaseBlenheim

Iincwadi ezingaphezu kwe-10 000 zigcinwa kwiThala leThala elide, elicwangciswe nguVanbrugh kwaye lenziwe nguNicholas Hawksmoor.

Igumbi lezinto ezintle, iThala leThala elide liqhuba ubude bendlu yesentshona kunye nelinye lamagumbi amakhulu kunawo onke eBhithani. Kwixesha langaphambili, oomama basebenzisa umgangatho wabo wesimo sezulu ngokuhambahamba egumbini laseVanbrugh elichazwe njengeli "gumbi elihle" legalari okanye igalari yezithombe. Ukulinganisa ama-183 amade ubude kunye neekhilomitha ezingama-32 eziphakamileyo, iThala leLibrari elide liqule nomzimba owenziwe nguHenry Willis ngo-1891-ilungu elikhulu kwiziko labucala eYurophu.

Nangona ekuqaleni kwakucwangciswe nguVanbrugh, iLathala elide kwiBala laseBlenheim ithathwa njengelona gumbi elihle kunazo zonke e-Hawksmoor. Yichitha ixesha elithile ukhangele kwiindawo ezingenangqamaniso ze-stucco, ezibandakanya amabini amabini angamanga, agqitywe ngo-1725.

Iipaneli ezingenanto ezingenanto zibonakalisa enye ingavumelani nabahlobiso. USir James James Thornhill wayethunywe ukuba azalise iziganeko ezingenangqondo. Wayexabisa kakhulu kangangokuthi ahlala engenanto. Okuthakazelisayo, kule ngqungquthela yesiNgesi yeBaroque, iipaneli ezingenanto ezingenalutho zinika ikamelo ukubonakala ngathi kulula, okuqhelekileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha ye-neoclassical okanye yaseGeorgia kaRobert Adam ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18.

ILathala elide liye labona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa ngaphezu kweminyaka. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I kwakuyiwadi yesibhedlele kwaye ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II ibe yindawo yokulala yaseMalvern College. Ukususela ngo-1940 ukuya ku-1944, oonobhala be-MI5 bazalisa igumbi kunye needesksi zabo kunye nomsebenzi ophezulu wobunhloli. Namhlanje, iThala leThala elide ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziselwa iibhola zothando.

Fumana okunye malunga nokutyelela iNtlanzi yaseBlenheim kwaye uhlele usuku lwakho.