Enye yezinto eziphambili kunye nezithandwa kakhulu zaseYiputa , iLuxor idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yindawo enkulu ye-museum evulekile emhlabeni. I sixeko samanje saseLuxor sakhiwe nakwii-dolophu zedolophu yakudala yaseThebes, abapheli-mlando abaqikelela ukuba baye bahlala kulo ngo-3 200 BC. Kwakhona kwindlu yetempile yaseKarnak, eyasebenza njengendawo ephakamileyo yokunqula iThebe. Ngokubambisana, ezi ndawo zintathu zitsalane nabakhenkethi kwimihla yamaGrisi-yamaRoma, bonke bebanjwe yintlangano engaqhelekanga yamathempeli endala kunye nezikhumbuzo.
Golden Age Golden Age
Imbali kaLuxor isandulela isixeko sanamhlanje kwaye isingqiniswanga ngokugqithiseleyo kunye neThebes, idolophu eyayiqhelekileyo eyaziwayo kumaYiputa asendulo njenge-Waset.
I-Thebes yafikelela ekuphakameni kobuqaqawuli bayo kunye nempembelelo kwixesha elivela kwi-1,550 ukuya ku-1,050 BC. Ngelo xesha, likhonza njengenkunzi enkulu yeYiputa elitsha, kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yiziko lezoqoqosho, ubugcisa kunye nobunzulu obunxulumene noonkulunkulu waseYiputa u-Amun. Amaharahara awalawula ngeli xesha achitha imali eninzi ethempelini eyenzelwe ukuhlonipha u-Amun (kunye nabo), ngoko ke izikhumbuzo ezimangalisayo apho isixeko esiyaziwayo namhlanje sizalelwa. Ngeli xesha, eyaziwa ngokuba nguBukumkani obutsha, amaninzi amaharahara kunye namakhosikazi abo atyunjwe ukuba angcwatywe kwi-necropolis eThebes, eyaziwa namhlanje njengeNtlambo yeeKumkani kunye neNtlambo yaseQueens.
Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo e Luxor
Efumaneka kwibhankuma empuma yoMlambo iNayile, okwangoku namhlanje uLuxor kufuneka ibe ngowokuqala ukumela izivakashi kuloo mmandla.
Qala kwiMyuziyam yaseLuxor, apho imibukiso ezele izixhobo ezivela kwiitempile ezijikelezileyo kunye namangcwaba unikeza isingeniso esiphezulu kwiindawo ezikhangayo ezifunekayo. Izibonakaliso ezibhaliweyo ngesiArabhu nangesiNgesi zivelisa ubugcisa be-pharaonic, ubunqabileyo kunye neengubo ezintle. Kwisihlomelo esinikezelwe ubuncwane boBukumkani obutsha, uya kufumana amabini amakhosikazi asebukhosini, okholelwa ukuba yi-Ramesses I.
Ukuba ufumana udibene nenkqubo yokungcoliswa, ungaphuthelwa iMyuziyamu yeMamification kunye nokubonakaliswa kwayo kwezilondolozo zabantu kunye nezilwanyana ezigcinwe ngokucophelela.
Inqabileyo enkulu eLuxor ngokwayo, ke, ithempeli laseLuxor. Ukwakhiwa kwaqalwa ngu-Amenhotep III malunga ne-1390 BC, kunye neenkcukacha zoluhlu lweeharaharas ezizayo kuquka uTutankhamun noRamesses II. Izinto eziphambili zezobugcisa zibandakanya i-colonnade yamakholomu aphakanyisiweyo ahlotshiswe nge-hieroglyphic reliefs; kunye nesango elilondolozwe ngamatye amabili amakhulu aseRamesses II.
Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo e Karnak
Umntla weLuxor ngokwawo uhlala kwiComplex Temple Complex. Kwixesha la mandulo, iKarnak yaziwa ngokuba yi- Ipet-isut , okanye iindawo ezikhethiweyo zeendawo, kwaye yakhonza njengendawo ephakamileyo yokunqula kwi-18th-dynasty Thebans. UFaro wokuqala ukuba akhe apho kwakukho uSenusret I ngexesha loBukumkani baseMbindi, nangona ezininzi zezakhiwo eziseleyo zibuyela kwi-New Age yobudala begolide. Namhlanje, isayithi yinkimbinkimbi enkulu yeendawo ezingcwele, ii-kiosks, ii-pylons kunye ne-obelisks, zonke ezizinikele kwiTheban Triad. Kucingelwa ukuba yinto yesibini inkulu kunqulo yonqulo. Ukuba kukho enye imbono ekuphakanyeleni uluhlu lwamabhakethi, kufuneka ukuba yiHormal Hypostyle Hall, inxalenye ye-Precinct ye-Amun-Re.
Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo e Ancient Thebes
Intloko ngaphesheya koMlambo iNayile ukuya kwiWest Bank, kwaye ufumane i-necropolis enkulu yeThebes yamandulo. Kwiziqendu zayo ezininzi, ezona tyelele yiNtlambo yooKumkani, apho amaPharaoh of the Kingdom entsha akhetha ukuba ahlaselwe ngokucwangciswa emva kokufa. Imizimba yabo enomzimba yayingcwatywa kunye nayo yonke into ababefuna ukuyithatha - kuquka ifenitshala, ubucwebe, iimpahla kunye nokubonelelwa kokutya kunye neziselo eziqulethwe emininzi. Kukho amathandathu angama-60 awaziwayo entlambo yooKumkani, eninzi lawo asele ahlanjululwe ubuncwane bawo. Kule, ininzi edumileyo (kwaye ininzi kakhulu) ingcwaba likaTutankhamun, i-pharao encinci eyayilawula iminyaka elisithoba nje.
Ukusa kwezantsi kweNtlambo yooKumkani kulele iThafeni laseQueens, apho amalungu omndeni kaFaroya angcwatyelwa khona (kuquka amadoda namabhinqa).
Nangona kukho amangcwaba angama-75 kweli candelo le-necropolis, ezine kuphela ezivulelekileyo kuluntu. Kule, ininzi edumeleyo yiyo iNdlovukazi uNefertari, iindonga zayo zihlanganiswe ngemifanekiso emangalisayo.
Kuphi ukuhlala kunye nexesha lokuya
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhlala ozikhethayo e-Luxor, ezininzi zazo zihlala kwibhankini empuma. Kufuneka ukwazi ukufumana into nganye kwi-bhajethi, ukusuka kwiinketho ezingathengiyo ezifana ne-star-star-star, eneenkwenkwezi ezintathu ze-Nefertiti; kwiindawo ezintle zeenkwenkwezi ezinamahlanu ezinjenge-Sofitel Winter Palace Luxor. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuhamba ngethuba loMatshi ukuya ku-Epreli nakwi-Oktobha ukuya kuNovemba ngamaxesha aphelileyo, xa izihlwele zihamba kunye namaqondo ashushu ahlala esithwala. Ubusika (ngoDisemba ukuya kuFebhuwari) lixesha elipholile kakhulu kunonyaka, kodwa kwaye likhulu kakhulu kwaye libiza kakhulu. Ephakamileyo ehlobo (ngoMeyi ukuya kuSeptemba), ukushisa kungenza ukubonakala kungakhululeki.
Ukufika apho
Luxor ngenye yeendawo zokuvakatyela eziphezulu kwiYiputa, kwaye ngenxa yoko uchithelwa ngokukhethekileyo ngeendlela zokufika khona. Kukho iibhasi kunye nezitimela ezivela eKairo nakwezinye iidolophu ezinkulu kwiYiputa. Unokuthatha i-felucca esuka e-Aswan ecaleni kweNayile, ngelixa i-Luxor International Airport (LXR) ikuvumela ukuba ubaleke ukusuka kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhamba ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.