I-Mosque enkulu kakhulu ye-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia, kwisiXeko sase-Indonesia yeXeko-dolophu
I-Istiqlal Mosque eJakarta, i-Indonesia iyona mkhosi omkhulu kwi-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia, ifanele indawo yayo kwilizwe elikhulu lamaSilamsi kwihlabathi (ngokwebemi labantu).
UMosque wakhiwa ukuba uhambelane nombono omkhulu kaMongameli uSukarno wombuso onamandla, olwahlukahlukeneyo kunye noorhulumente kwiziko lakhe: I-Istiqlal Mosque ibheke ngaphesheya kwesitalato ukusuka kwiKatolika yaseKarta yaseJakarta, kunye neendawo zombini zonqulo zimi kufuphi neMerdeka Square , ikhaya eMonas (Isikhumbuzo se-Independence) esibhekisele kuzo zombini.
Istiqlal Masque Scale
Abavakatyeli be-Istiqlal Mosque baya kukhwabaniswa nesikali esikhulu seMosque. Umsikiti uhlanganisa indawo engama-hektare; isakhiwo sinamanqanaba amahlanu, kunye neholo elikhulu lokuthandaza kwiziko elikhutshwe liqela elikhulu elixhaswe ngeentsika ezilishumi elinesibini.
Isakhiwo esiphezulu sinamaplaza emacaleni asezantsi nakuma empuma angabamba abanquli abaninzi. I-mosque ifakwe kwiiyari ezili-1,6 zamadidi ezi-marble zokutshitshiswa kweemabula ezivela kwi-Tulungagung regency empuma yeJava.
Ngokumangalisa (kunikwe indawo kwilizwe elitshisa ilizwe) i-mosque ye-Istiqlal ihlala ipholile ngisho nasemini; izakhiwo eziphakamileyo zesakhiwo, iindlovu ezivulekileyo, kunye namagceke avulekileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuchitha ubushushu kwisakhiwo.
Kuqhutywe isifundo ukulinganisa ubushushu ngaphakathi kwe-mosque- "Ngethuba lokuthandaza ngoLwesihlanu kunye nokuhlala ngokugcwele kwindlu yokuthandaza," uphando luphetha ngokuthi, "isimo sengqondo esiphezulu sasisekho kwindawo yokuthuthuzela."
Impendulo ye-Istiqlal Mosque kunye nezinye izinto
Abanquli kufuneka basuse izicathulo zabo baze bahlambe kwindawo engcolileyo ngaphambi kokungena kwiholo lokuthandaza. Kukho indawo ezininzi zokungcola kumgangatho ophantsi, ezixhotywe ngamanzi adibeneyo avumela abantu abangaphezu kwama-600 ukuba bazihlambe ngexesha elinye.
Iholo lokuthandaza kwisakhiwo esiphezulu ngokuqinisekileyo i-Cavernous - izivakashi ezingezizo iiMuslim zingayiqwalasela ukusuka kwelinye laphezulu.
Umgangatho wendawo uqikelelwa ukuba ungaphezu kwama-6,000 weeyadi. Umgangatho ngokwawo utywekwe ngephepha elibomvu elinikelwa nguSaudi Arabia.
Iholo elikhulu likwazi ukufumana abakhonzi abanama-16,000. Iintlanu eziphantsi kwelo holo yokuthandaza zinokuhlala ezingama 60,000. Xa umkhosi we-mosque ungazaliswa kumandla, izantsi eziphezulu zikhonza njengeendawo zokufundela zonqulo, okanye njengendawo yokuphumla yokuhambela abahambi.
Iqonga lihlala ngqo ngasentla kwindlu yokuthandaza, exhaswe ngamatye aneenkonkxe kunye neensimbi. Iqonga lingama-140 ububanzi, kwaye liqikelelwe ukuba lingama-86 amanani ubunzima; intsimbi yayo iyatshitshiswa ngensimbi engenasici, kwaye umsila wayo ulungiswe ngeendinyana ezivela kwiKoran, zenziwa kwi-Arab calligraphy.
Amagceke asezantsi nangasempuma kummandla weMosque aneendawo ezipheleleyo malunga neekwere ezingama-35,000, kwaye unikezela indawo eyongezelelweyo yabakhulekeli abangaphezu kwama-40,000, indawo ekhethekileyo ngokukodwa kwiintsuku ezihamba phambili zeRamadan.
I- minaret yomsikiti ibonakala kwiibhotari, kunye neSikhumbuzo seSizwe, okanye i-Monas, siyayisezela kude. Esi siphumo esicacileyo malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-300 eziphakamileyo, ezinqabileyo ezinkundleni kwaye zichazwe izibhengezo zokusasaza ngokusasazo umnxeba we-muezzin kumthandazo.
Imisebenzi yeNtlalontle ye-Istiqlal
I-Mosque ingeyona indawo yokuthandaza kuyo. I-Istiqlal Mosque nayo ibamba amaziko amaninzi anika iinkonzo zentlalo kuma-Indonesiya ahluphekileyo, kwaye isebenza njengekhaya-kude-ekhaya ukuya kutyelela abahambi ngexesha lika-Ramadan.
I-Istiqlal Mosque iyindawo eyaziwayo yokuhambela abazalwana abafeza isithethe esibizwa ngokuthi i'tikaf - uhlobo olulandelayo lapho umntu ethandaza khona, ephulaphula intshumayelo, aze afunde iKoran. Ngeli xesha, i-Istiqlal Mosque isebenza ngaphezu kwama-3 000 ukutya rhoqo ebusuku kubakhulekeli abaphula ngokukhawuleza kwabo kwi-mosque. Elinye i-1000 yokutya iyakhonza ngaphambi kokuntwela kokusa ngexesha leentsuku ezilishumi zokugqibela zaseRamadan, isiqhamo sexesha lokuzila elizisa inani labakhulekeli kwi-Istiqlal kwintlanzi yalo nyaka.
Abahambi balala behlala ezindlini xa bengathandaza; Amanani abo ahluma malunga nama-3 000 kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwe-Eid ul-Fitr, ekupheleni kweRamadan.
Kwiintsuku eziqhelekileyo, imimandla kunye nommandla ojikeleze umdlalo we-mosque kwiindawo zokuthengisa, iintlanganiso kunye nezinye iziganeko.
Imbali ye-Istiqlal Mosque
Emva koko uMongameli uSukarno wayala ukwakhiwa kwe-Istiqlal Mosque, ephefumlelwe nguMphathiswa wakhe wokuqala weNgqungquthela ye-Religious Affiars Wahid Hasyim. USukarno wakhetha indawo yesinqaba esidala saseDutch kufuphi nesixeko sendawo. Indawo yayo kufuphi necawa yobuKristu ekhoyo yayingumngcipheko; USukarno wayenqwenela ukubonisa ihlabathi ukuba iinkonzo zinokubambisana ngokuvumelanayo kwilizwe lakhe elitsha.
Umyili we-mosque wayengeyena umSilamsi, kodwa umKristu-uFrederick Silaban, umqambi waseSumatra owayengenalo amava okuklama ama-mosque ngaphambili, kodwa ngubani owanqoba ukhuphiswano olubanjwe ukugqiba umklamo we-mosque. Ukuqulunqwa kukaSilaban, ngelixa elihle, ligxeka ngenxa yokungabonakali kwezithethe zendalo zase-Indonesia.
Ukwakhiwa kwenzeka phakathi kuka-1961 no-1967, kodwa umoskiti wavulwa ngokusemthethweni emva kokuqothulwa kukaSukarno. Umceli wakhe njengoMongameli we-Indonesia, uSuharto, wavula iminyango ye-mosque ngo-1978.
I-mosque ayizange ikhululwe kubudlobongela bamacandelo; ngo-1999, ibhomu yaqhuma kwindawo yase-Istiqlal yaseMosque, eyalimala ezintathu. Ukuqhubhisa ibhomu kwaxelwa kubavukeli bakaJemaah Islamiyah, kwaye bavuselela ukubuyisela kwezinye iindawo ezazihlasele iicawa zamaKristu ngokubuyisela.
Ukufikelela kwi-Istiqlal Mosque
Umnyango omkhulu kwi-Istiqlal Mosque ujikeleze kwisitalato ukusuka kwiCathhedral, kwiJalan Kathedral. I-Taxis kulula ukuza eJakarta, kwaye yindlela efanelekileyo yokuvakatyelela ukuvakasha kweso sixeko - khetha itekisi ebhakabhaka ukukuthatha kwihotele yakho ukuya kwi-Mosque nasemva.
Emva kokungena, jonga iindwendwe 'kwindawo ephakathi kwangena; Ulawulo luya kuba nolonwabo ukubonelela ngesikhokelo sokutyelela ekuhambiseni isakhiwo. Abangewona amaSulumane abavunyelwe ngaphakathi kwindlu yokuthandaza eyona nto, kodwa uya kuthathwa ephezulu ukuze ujikeleze ezindleleni eziphezulu kunye nemithamo ejikeleza isakhiwo esikhulu.