Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzonwabisa kwinqanaba laseMntla eMerika liphantsi, kodwa iPentral America neMexico zimela indlela yokubamba iziyobisi eMelika, ngakumbi i-cocaine. Ngenxa yokuthengiswa kweziyobisi, i-Latin America kunye neCaribbean inezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lolwaphulo-mthetho emhlabeni .
Nangona kunjalo, amazwe aseMntla yaseMelika athabatha i-drug possession kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokunyanisekileyo. Iziyobisi zingekho mthethweni kulo lonke elaseMntla eMerika, kwaye abahambi bonke baxhomekeke kwimithetho yeziyobisi zendawo kunye nezohlwayo, ezidla ngokugqithiseleyo (njengeminyaka kwiminyaka engaphezu kwesikhotho, igoli elidityanisiweyo).
Imithetho kunye nezohlwayo eProsta Rica
Ngaphandle kotywala kunye nocuba, iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa zi-mthetho ezingekho mthethweni eCosta Rica , kwaye ukuthengiswa kweziyobisi yinkinga ekhulayo kweli lizwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa i-cannabis engekho mthethweni, amagosa asePosta Rica akagcinanga abantu abaphethe imali encinci yobuncwane ukuze bathengise; Iidolophu eziselunxwemeni zihlala zihlala zihamba phambili malunga nayo. Sekunjalo, ukusetyenziswa ngabantu abahlali basasazeke kakhulu: i-Ofisi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kwiZiyobisi kunye noLwaphulo-mthetho (UNODC) ibeka izinga lokutya ukubhema phakathi kwabantu baseCosta Rica phakathi kweminyaka eyi-12 ukuya kwe-70 kwipesenti enye (xa kuthelekiswa, ukusebenzisa I-United States i-13.7%).
Imithetho yezobisi kunye nezohlwayo eGuatemala
Ukuthengiswa kweziyobisi ngxaki enkulu eGuatemala , ewela eMexico ukuya ngasentla. Izigwebo zokurhweba izidakamizwa eGuatemala zinzima kwaye zinomlinganiselo ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-20 kwiintolongo ezinobundlobongela; izigwebo zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezilula ukusuka kwi-8 ukuya kwe-15 iminyaka.
Ngelixa i-UNODC ibeka intlawulo yonyaka we-marijuana phakathi kwabantu baseGuatemala kwi-4.8%, efanelekileyo, ingozi ayifanelekanga.
Imithetho kunye nezohlwayo eBraze
I-Belize inezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokusebenzisa inambuzane eCentral America; I-UNODC ibeka izinga lokusetyenziswa kwabantu phakathi kweBelize kwi-8.5%.
Kwiindawo ezininzi zokutyelela-indawo ezinzima kweli lizwe, isimo sengqondo sokusetyenziswa kwegunju sibuyiselwe emva, kwintsimi yenkcubeko. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho mthethweni, kwaye i-possession ingabangela iintlawulo ezinzima okanye ukuvalelwa entolongweni. Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinzima zokufumana imali eninzi, izigwebo zinokuba nzima kakhulu.
Imithetho yezobisi kunye nezohlwayo eHonduras
Ukuthengiswa kweziyobisi, ngakumbi i-cocaine, yinkathazo enkulu eHonduras kwaye ixanduva lolwaphulo-mthetho oluphezulu kakhulu nokubulala. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngaphakathi kweHonduras kuncinci kakhulu - i-UNODC ibeka izinga lokutya ukubhema phakathi kwabantu baseHonduras kuma-0.8 ekhulwini, umzekelo. Abagwenxa bezonyango baseHonduras banokulindela izigwebo ezide zentolongo kunye neentlawulo ezinzima.
Imithetho yezobisi kunye nezohlwayo ePanama
Ukuba uhlakaniphile, uya kugweba iziyobisi kuzo zonke iindleko ePanama . Ngenxa yokuba i-Panama idlulisa iColombia , yindlela enkulu yokuthengiswa kweziyobisi, kwaye ilizwe lithatha izidakamizwa kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo. Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwegciwane le-Panama kuyingcipheko - i-UNODC ibeka izinga lokutya ukubhema phakathi kwabantu basePanama kwi-3.6% - akukho mthethweni, kwaye ukufumana ixabiso elincinci lezilwanyana lihlawulwa ubuncinci bonyaka entolongweni. Ngokutsho kwinyanga yokukhokela kwinyanga, abathengisi beziyobisi ngamanye amaxesha babeka abavakhenkethi abanokuzithengisa ngenxa yokukhwela iziyobisi, benethemba lokwabelana ngesityholo kunye negosa eliphosakeleyo.
Imithetho kunye nezoNyango zaseNicaragua
Efumaneka ngqo phakathi kwe-Central America, iNicaragua iphinde ibe phakathi kwendlela yokuthungela iziyobisi phakathi kweMerika neMerika. Nangona i-marijuana isetyenziselwa ukulinganisela eNicaragua, ayikho mthethweni, kwaye ukubanjiswa kunye nemali encinci kunokubangela iintlawulo ezinzima kunye nezigwebo zentolongo - ukufikelela kwiminyaka engama-30.
Imithetho yezobisi kunye nezohlwayo e-El Salvador
Nangona i- El Salvador encinci, yonke into yokuthunyelwa kwezilwanyana ezingekho mthethweni eMzantsi Melika kufuneka idlule e-El Salvador okanye eHonduras endleleni eya eMexico. Ngenxa yoko, i-El Salvador ineengxaki ezinkulu kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene neziyobisi kunye nogonyamelo. Izigwebo zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye nefa kwi-El Salvador ziphezulu.
Ekuvaleni, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba awudingi ukwesaba abadayisi beziyobisi belo mmandla. Eyona nto, bayayinyamekela ishishini labo kwaye abayi kukukhathaza ngaphandle kokuba ubayeke ukwenza into yabo - 99% yexesha, abahambi abachaphazelekayo.
> Ehlelwe ngu-Marina K. Villatoro