Imfihlakalo yam: Yintoni eyenzeka kuMichael Rockefeller?

Isikhokelo esifutshane kwi-Art He Collected ngaphambi kokuba ilahlekelwe ngonaphakade

I-Metropolitan Museum of Art kaMichael C. Rockefeller Iphiko liphakathi kweyona nto inomdla kakhulu kwiyodwa yeemyuziyam ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Ngokukhawuleza ukufuphi kwiimifanekiso zemiGrike kunye namaRoma, uvela kwiholo lobugcisa bemifanekiso emhlophe yemabula, iifestile kunye nemifanekiso ebonakalayo ebonakalayo ingaqhelekanga into evakalelwa njengenye indawo.

Iifom ezinkulu, ezizenzekelayo zijonge kwiifestile zeglasi ezisezantsi kunye nePalest Park . Ilitapu yecwecwe igxuma ngaphezu kwexesha elide, iinqanawa ezibunjiweyo. Kulula ukuziva ngathi uye wathunyelwa kwilizwe lembali.

Iqoqo lafika kwi-The Met ngowe-1973 njengomnikelo osuka kwiRockefeller. UJohn D. Rockefeller uncedisa ngemali i- Met Cloisters ngowe-1938 kunye neqoqo lika-Abigail u-Aldrich Rockefeller wezobugcisa base-Asia. Kodwa le qoqo yabizwa nguMichael C. Rockefeller, unyana kaRhuluneli kunye no-Vice-Mongameli uNelson Rockefeller, owaye walala ngo-1961 ngelixa eqokelela ubugcisa kwi-Dutch New Guinea.

UMichael wayefunde i-Economics eHarvard kodwa kamva wagqiba ekubeni afunde kunye ne-Peabody Museum of Archaeology ne-Ethnology. Ngo-1961 wajoyina i-Dutch New Guinea apho wayefuna ukuqokelela ubugcisa egameni lentsapho yakhe.

Iminyaka emine ngaphambili ngaphambili uyise wayemise "iMyuziyam yoBugcisa boBugcisa" kwikhaya laseRockefeller kwi-54th Street. Lo kwakuyimibutho ebalulekileyo yezobugcisa obungasentshona ezaziye zaziwa eYurophu kodwa yayingavamile eMelika. UMichael, eneminyaka eli-19 ubudala, wayebizwa ngokuba ngumlungu webhodi. Isigqibo sakhe sokuhlala eNew Guinea emva kokuba uhambo lwaluqhubekile ukuze aqhubeke nokuqokelela ubugcisa xa efunda ngakumbi nge-Asmat.

UMichael waqokelela amakhulu ezinto kuquka izitya, iinkophe kunye nemikhonto. Ukufumana kwakhe okubaluleke kakhulu kwakuneentsimbi ezi-4 ezazisetyenziselwa umngcwabo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zishiya ukubola, zishiye ixabiso labo elingokomoya emhlabeni. Abantu base-Asmat babenomlutha wecuba ngexesha lobudlelwane baseDutch kwaye wasebenzisa le nto ukuthengisa kunye nokuqhawula njengoko wayehamba ukuya kwiidolophini ezilishumi elinesithathu kwiiveki ezintathu.

Oku kwenzeka emva koko kuye kwaba yinto eqiqa ngayo. Kuyaziwa ukuba uMichael wayekho emkhombeni owawuthatha amanzi kwaye wawashiya ukuze ahambe e-ashore. Wadibanisa amabini amathandathu e-petroli engenawo onqeni ukuze amncede ahlale ehamba, kodwa kwakufuneka adide iimitha ezili-10 ngokumalunga nokukhoyo ukuze afumane umhlaba. Nangona oku kubonakala kunzima kakhulu, wayeneminyaka engama-23 ubudala kwaye waziwa ngokuba ngumshukumisi oqaqambileyo. Kodwa akazange abuywe kwakhona.

Amaziko okuhlangula aseDutch ahlola isi siqithi. Ngenxa yempembelelo yentsapho yaseRockefeller kunye nezinto ezininzi, kwenziwa umzamo omkhulu wokubuyisela. Ekugqibeleni wagqiba ukuba wayegwityiwe okanye wayidliwa yihaki.

Amahemuhemu aqala ukusabalalisa ukuba uMichael wayedliwe yizilwanyana. Ngaloo xesha, i-headhunting yayingumsebenzi obalulekileyo njengenkqubo yokuphindisela ekufeni. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mathambo kaRockefeller aphinde atyhutywe kwaye kwakungekho iitena ze-petroli ebezibophe ezinqeni zakhe okanye isayinwe.

Ngo-1969 u-Nelson Rockefeller wanikela ngokuqokelelwa kwiMyuziyam yoBugcisa boBugcisa be-Met. Kwakungokuqokelela kokuqala kwezobugcisa obungasentshona ukuba kuboniswe kwingqokelela ye-encyclopedic e-United States kwaye ibeke umzekelo kumbono ongekho wesentshona ukuba uboniswe phantsi kophahla olufanayo njenge-classic, ye-medieval ne-Renaissance masterpiece. Umnikelo waba yintloko yeSebe lezobuGcisa be-Afrika, i-Oceania, kunye ne-Amerika. Iphiko elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba nguMichael C. Rockefeller lakhiwe ngasecaleni lesakhiwo ukuze kuboniswe ukuqokelela kwakhe ubugcisa obuvela eNew Guinea kunye nokusebenza njengomnqophiso wenzondelelo awayeyenza emva kokuphela kobomi bakhe obufutshane.

Namhlanje, iintsapho zikaRockefeller zivuma ngokusemthethweni ukufa kukaMichael njengobunzima kodwa ubungqina obutsha buye kwavela kwaye kwanyatheliswa kwincwadi ka-2014 ethi "Harvest Savage" nguCarl Hoffman. Umbhali uchaza indlela ngo-1961 amaDatshi aye amisela umthetho oqaqambileyo kwisiqithi kunye namapolisa ayebulala ama-Asmats amahlanu. Ngenxa yokuba bonke abafayo bafuna ukuphindiselwa kwi-Asmat, mhlawumbi xa uMikayeli egibela elunxwemeni, wayecingwa ngabo bafumana ukuba yingxenye "yesizwe esimhlophe" samadoda awayebulala ama-Asmats amahlanu. Ukuba kunjalo, babeza kumbulala, baqhekeza umzimba wakhe ukuze basebenzise baze basebenzise amathambo njengemifanekiso yezenkolo okanye izinto eziqhelekileyo.

Ukufa kukaMichael Rockefeller kuye kwaba yimbali yamabali amaninzi kwaye udlale. Akunakwenzeka ukuba emva kweminyaka engama-50 nayiphi na enye ihlala ikwazi ukunika ubungqina obaneleyo bokuthi wafa njani. Kodwa abantu abanomdla kwilifa lakhe banokuyonwabela iphiko elibizwa ngokuba yi-The Met, kunye nezinto ezingavamile ukusuka kolohambo olukhohlakeleyo, kwisimo esivakalisa ezinye zezimanga okumelwe ukuba wayezivile ngexesha lokuhamba kwakhe.

• 01 ngo 05

  Bis Poles

  Iine zeBis Poles ekubonisweni ziqokelelwe nguMichael Rockefeller. I-Bis Poles yenziwa kuphela kwingingqi yaseAsmat e-ntshona-ntshona ye-New Guinea kwaye idalwe ukuba ibe ngamagqabantshintshi enkundleni enkulu kumntu osanda kufa. Inani ngalinye limele umntu othile kwaye likhonza njengesikhumbuzo sokuba ukufa kwabo kufuneka kubuyisele njengoko ukufa kukubangelwa yimfazwe okanye imilingo.

  Umthendeleko wendabuko we- bis uya kubanjelwa ukuba abantu abemi besixeko babesweleke, okuza kulandelwa ukuhlaselwa. Namhlanje abantu base-Asmat abasayi kuphinda baxhathise imfazwe ukuze imikhosi ibe yimikhosi. Emva komthendeleko we- bis , izibonda ziziswa emasimini eentendelezo, umthombo obalulekileyo wokutya kwaye zishiywe ukubola, amandla awo angaphezu kwamandla asebenzayo njengesichumiso.

  Isibonda ngasinye siqoshiwe kwisitya esinye. Iqulethe umfanekiso ocacileyo womntu ofileyo, ezinye iokhokho kunye ne-phallus ekhonza isimboli sokuzala. Isiqendu esezantsi sisoloko sichaza isikhephe ukuthutha umoya emva kokufa. Isiseko sichazwe ukuze sikwazi ukufakwa emhlabathini.

• 02 we 05

  Ingqungquthela yesithethe

  Iidrum e-Asmat zenkcubeko zidibene nomthombo wobomi bomntu. Idlalwa kuyo yonke imikhosi kwaye idlalwa kuphela ngabantu. Intsingiselo ichaza ukuba umntu wazalwa ngamanani emithi aqoshwe ngumbumba ogama lingu-Fumeripits ukuze anqabise ukodwa kwakhe. Njengoko wayebetha yedwa umfanekiso waba ubomi waza waba ngumntu wokuqala u-Asmat.

  Nangona iingqungquthela zizinto eziqhelekileyo kwiinkcubeko ze-Asmat, zivame ukuba zithunyelwe kubachwephezi bezandla abazenzele iifom zezotyiki kwiingqinamba.

• 03 we 05

  Mask

  Le mijelo yomzimba yayisetyenziselwa kwimikhosi yokufa. Bembethe iifaki zomzimba ezipheleleyo, abafileyo nabaphilayo bahlanganiswa kwaye bahambahamba kwidolophana, badla kunye kunye baze bahambe kunye kunye nokungena ngokuphepha kwindawo yooyise.

• 04 we 05

  UMoya weCanoe

  Ezi nqanawa nazo ziye zadityaniswa kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuqaliswa kwamakhwenkwe kuba ngamadoda. Amakhwenkwe ahlala emzimbeni kwindlu ebeyiyo kwaye acela ukuba avele omnye ngomnye ngokukhwela kwinqanawa ebekwe ngaphandle kwendlu. Ziyabonwa njengamadoda emva kokuba zidlulele kwaye zidityanwe kunye neepatters eziyiphilisi eziphilisa kwizikrakra. Umkhombe womoya ulahlwa ekupheleni komcimbi.

• 05 we 05

  Kwoma Ceiling

  Nangona ayengaqokelelwa nguMichael Rockefeller, i-Kwoma Ceiling yindawo ephambili ye-Wing ephinde yafakwa ngo-2007 kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo yinto yokuqala yokuthatha ingqalelo kwiindwendwe zokuqala. Ngamamitha ama-80 ubude kwaye ububanzi obuyi-30 ububanzi, isilingi sesiganeko senziwe ngama-270 amatshini aphethwe ngabangcali be-Kwoma ngawo-1970. Nangona zizahlulo zangoku, zimela izithethe zamandulo zabantu baseKomoma abantu baseNew Guinea.