I-Xiamen kwiphondo laseFujian yayisetyenziswe ngabantu baseYurophu nabaseMntla Amerika njenge "Amoy". Igama livela kwiilwimi ezathethwa ngabantu baselapho. Abantu beli phepha - ngasezantsi kweFijian naseTaiwan - bathetha iHokkien, isiqhelo esithetha ngokubanzi ngabantu. Nangona namhlanje, isiMandarin yilwimi oluqhelekileyo lwezoshishino kunye nezikolo.
Kwinqanaba laseMandulo
Iidolophu eziselunxwemeni zaseFujian, kuquka neQuanzhou (namhlanje isixeko esingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-7 esingazange uzive ngayo), zaziyizixeko ezisemaphandleni ezishukumisayo.
IQuanzhou yayiyichweba elincinci laseChina kwi- Tang Dynasty . UMarco Polo wathi ngorhwebo lwaso olukhulu kwezohambo.
I-Xiamen yayiyi-port exakekile eqala kwiNgoma yesiXhosa. Kamva, Yaba yinkampu kunye nokukhusela abantu be-Ming baxhatshaza ukulwa neMynchu Qing Dynasty. UKoxinga, unyana womrhwebi womrhwebi wamisa isiseko sakhe sokulwa no-Qing kuloo ndawo kwaye namhlanje umfanekiso omkhulu ekuhloniphekeni ujonge ngaphesheya kwechweba esuka kwisiqithi saseGulang Yu.
Ukufika kwamaYurophu
Abathunywa bevangeli basePortugal bafika ngekhulu le-16 kodwa baphuthuma ngokukhawuleza. Kamva abarhwebi baseBrithani nabaseDatshi bema kude kube sekude ukuvalwa kwechweba ukuthengisa ngekhulu le-18. Kwakungekade kufike iMfazwe yokuqala ye-Opium kunye neSivumelwano saseNanking ngowe-1842 ukuba i-Xiamen yavulwa kwakhona ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuba isungulwe njengenye yeePorts zeTranstiki ezivuleleke kumashishini angaphandle.
Ngelo xesha ininzi yeti eyashiya i-China yathunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Xiamen. I-Gulang Yu, isiqithi esincinane esivela kwi-Xiamen, sabelwe abantu basemzini kunye nendawo yonke yaba yinkampani yangaphandle.
Uninzi lwezakhiwo zokuqala zisekho. Hamba phantsi ezitalatweni namhlanje kwaye unokucinga ukuba ukhona eYurophu.
IJapan, iMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwaye emva kwe-1949
AmaJapane ayehlala kuloo ndawo (amaJapane asele eTaiwan, ngokokuqala i-Formosa, ukuqala ngo-1895) ukususela ngo-1938 ukuya ku-1945. Emva kokuba amaJapan anqotywe yi-Allied eWWII kunye neChina yaba phantsi kolawulo lwamaKhomanisi, i-Xiamen yaba ngumthombo wamanzi.
U-Chiang Kai-Shek wathatha i-Kuomintang kunye nobutyebi belizwe baseChina ngaphesheya kweStrate ukuya eTaiwan kwaye ngoko i-Xiamen yaba yinto ephambi kokuhlaselwa kwe-KMT. IRiphabhliki Yabantu YaseTshayina ayinakukuhlakulela indawo ngenxa yokwesaba ukuba nayiphi na inkqubela okanye ishishini liza kuhlaselwa yiintshaba zabo, ngoku ziqinisekiswe eTaiwan.
Kwaye kwinqanaba elithile, i-Jinmen Island yaseTaiwan, iikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kunxweme ye-Xiamen, yaba enye yezona ziqithi ezixhobileyo kwihlabathi njengeTaiwan esaba ukuhlaselwa kwelizwe.
1980
Emva kokuguqulwa kweDeng Xiaoping kunye nokuvula, i-Xiamen yazalwa kwakhona. Kwakuyinye yeZakhiwo zoQoqosho ezikhethekileyo eChina kwaye yafumana utyalo-mali obunzima nje kuphela kwilizwe kodwa nakwamashishini aseTaiwan naseHong Kong. Njengoko ukuxabana phakathi kwelizwe laseChina (i-PRC) kunye ne-KMT elawulwa yiTaiwan laqala ukuphumla, i-Xiamen yaba yindawo yokuzimela kwamashishini eze kwilizwe.
Ngomhla we-Xiamen
Namhlanje i-Xiamen ibonwa yiTshayina njengenye yezona zixeko eziphila kakhulu. Umoya uhlambulukile (ngemilinganiselo yaseTshayina) kwaye abantu balapho banandipha imilinganiselo ephakamileyo yokuphila. I-swathes enkulu yendawo eluhlaza kunye nolunxwemeni luye lwaphuhliswa ukuzonwabisa - kungekhona nje kuphela umdlalo webala lolwandle kodwa kunye nokulula kweendlela zokugijima, ezingaqhelekanga kwizixeko zaseTshayina.
Kwakhona isango lokutyelela lonke iPhondo laseFujian, indawo eyaziwayo ngabavakhenkethi baseTshayina nabangaphandle.