IsiSpanish silawula, kodwa iilwimi zasemthonyeni zithethwa
Ukuba uhamba ePeru, mhlawumbi ucinga ulwimi oya kuliva ngalo iSpanishi. Enyanisweni, kodwa i-Peru luhlanga olwilwimi ezininzi, kwaye lulawulwa yiSpanish kodwa luya kwintlanzana yolwimi lwendabuko. Inkcazo yesizwe isicatshulwa kubonakala kwiCandelo lama-48 loMgaqo-nkqubo wePolitiki wasePeru, owamkela ngokusemthethweni aze avumele iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zesizwe:
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zikaRhulumente ziSpeyin kwaye, nokuba ziphi na ezi zikhulu, iQuechua, i-Aymara kunye nezinye iilwimi zasemhlabeni ngokuhambelana nomthetho. "
01 ngo 04
Spanish
Malunga neepesenti ezingama-84 zabantu basePeruvia bathetha iSpanishi (eyaziwa ngokuba yiCastellano okanye iSpanan ), okwenza kube yilapho iilwimi zithethwa kakhulu ePeru. Kwakhona kulwimi oluyinkokheli lwaseburhulumenteni yasePeru, i-media, kunye neenkqubo zemfundo.
Nangona kunjalo, abahamba ngesiSpanish abahamba ngePeru baya kufana neenkqubela zengingqi kwiilwimi, ezifana nokutshintshwa kwezivakalisi kunye nezenzo eziqhelekileyo. Njengazo zinto ezininzi ePeru, ezi zintlukwano zihambelana nemimandla emithathu yelizwe yonxweme, iintaba kunye nehlathi . Umhlali ogwini lwaseLima, umzekelo, unokukwazi ukubona iPeruvia esuka ehlathini ngendlela yakhe yokuthetha.
I-slang yePeru yama-Ever-evolving is aqhelekileyo kwilizwe lonke, ngokukodwa phakathi kolutsha loluntu lwasezidolophini.
02 we 04
IsiQuechua
IsiQuechua yilwimi lwesibini oluqhelekileyo ePeru kunye nolwimi oluqhelekileyo oluthethiweyo. Kuthethwa ngamaphesenti angama-13 abantu, ngokukodwa kwimimandla ephambili kunye nentshonalanga yePeru. IsiQuechua yayilwimi lwase-Inca yoBukumkani; bekukho ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba i-Incas ibe namandla, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwabo nokukhuthazwa kolwimi kwandinceda-kwaye bahlala beqinile-kwimimandla yase-Andean yasePeru.
Ulwahlulo oluninzi lukhona kwintsapho yolwimi lwesiQuechua kangangokuba ezinye izikhulumi ze-Quechua zifumanisa nzima ukuthetha nabo bevela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, ilungu leqela laseQuechua eNorthern Peru, kunokuba kunzima ukuthetha ngokucacileyo kunye nomntu ovela eCusco okanye ePuno.
03 we 04
Aymara
Kukho ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sezigidi ze-Aymara-iintetho zasePeru (malunga ne-1,7 pesenti yabemi), kodwa ihlala yintetho yesithathu eselulwimi. Inani lezithethi zolu lwimi liye lancipha ngeenkulungwane, bekunzima ukulwa neCecechua kunye neSpeyin.
Kwamanje iPeru, izikhulumi ze-Aymara zihlala phantse ngokupheleleyo kumzantsi osemngceleni kunye neBolivia kunye neLake Titicaca (abantu base-Uros beziqithi ezijikelezayo bathetha i-Aymara). I-Aymara ixutywa kakhulu eBolivia, enezigidi ezi-2 zezigidi ze-Aymara.
04 we 04
Ezinye iilwimi zasePeru
Inzululwazi ye-Peru ifinyeleleke ekufikeleleni kwayo njengoko uhamba empuma ye-Andes uye ehlathini. I-Peruvian Amazon Basin inezindlu ezingamaqela angama-13 e-ethnolinguistic, ngalinye liqulethe iziqendu ezingaphezulu kweelwimi zasekuhlaleni. Isebe le-Loreto, elona likhulu kwiindawo zokulawula zasePeru , liqulethe iilwimi ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokwezizonke, iilwimi eziseleyo zasePeru-ezifana neAguaruna, Ashaninka, ne-Shipibo-zithethwa ngaphantsi kwe-1 ekhulwini labantu basePeruvia. KwamaPeruya athetha ulwimi lwasekuhlaleni, kuquka iQuquhua neAymara, uninzi lwazo ziilwimi ezimbini kwaye zithetha iSpanish.