Moais, rongo rongo kunye ne-BirdMan
I-Easter Island, eyaziwa ngokuba yiRapa Nui kunye ne-Isla de Pascua, yindlela ende ukusuka naphi na. I-Pitoote yaseHanua , oku kuthetha ukuba "iNqwelo yehlabathi" yiyona siqithi ehlala kuyo yonke indawo, malunga ne-2000 mi (3200 km) ukusuka eChile naseTahiti, kwaze kwaba yilapho iWeverver International Airport yakhiwa ngawo-1960, ukufika apho kuphela nge nqanawa.
Yileyo ndlela isi siqithi "safunyanwa" ngamaDatshi ngo-1772, xa i-Admiral Jacob Rogge phakathi ihamba khona ngeCawa yePasika kwaye yanikela isiqithi sayo kungeyiyo.
Wayengowokuqala waseYurophu ukuchaza izifanekiso eziqhelekileyo eziqoshwe kwiqonga le-volcanic eRano Raraku. Ukuma njengomude njengo-18 ft (5.5m m) kunye nobunzima beetoni ezininzi, iziqashiso zibizwa ngokuba yi- moai , kwaye nganye imbonakalo yomfanekiso ofanayo, mhlawumbi unkulunkulu okanye isidalwa semfihlelo, okanye inzala. LeNdwendwe enhle yeeNtshonalanga izokunika ingcamango yento eyenziwa nguRogge kunye nabasebenzi bakhe. I- moais ibemi ngokulandelelana kunye nommandla wonxweme, (bona imephu ) abambalwa abajonge elwandle njengabathunywa okanye abagcini babantu baseRapa Nui, kodwa ininzi ibhekene nezwe ngaphakathi, njengokungathi lijongana nomsebenzi wesiqithi. Kwakukho ezininzi iziteyathelo ezongezelelweyo zobukhulu obuhlukeneyo kunye nezigaba zokugqitywa kwiintlambo zentaba-mlilo.
I-Admiral ichaza umhlaba okhulileyo kunye neenkuni kunye ne- moais oya kubona kwiSiqendu se-Easter ngo-3 ubukhulu. Uqikelele ukuba abantu bangaphezu kwama-10,000. Xa ukuhanjelwa okuphumelelayo kwiintetho zesiNgesi, iSpanish neFransi zaye za tyelela isiqithi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, zafumanisa inani elincinci labantu, ininzi i- moais yahluthwa kunye nehlabathi elincinane ekulimeni.
I-Whalers yenza ukuba isiqithi siqine, kwaye abathengisi bezogqithisi emva koko bathatha abantu abangama-1000 baza bawathatha ukuba basebenze iziqithi zaseGuano ngaselunxwemeni lwasePeru ngo-1862. Kulaba-100 ababesinda, babuyela e-Rapa Nui nge-smallpox. Inani labalo-1881 babalwe ngaphantsi kwe-200 abantu.
ISilikhi yahlutha isiqithi ngo-1888 ngexesha lokunyuka emva kweMfazwe yasePacific eyathatha ukufikelela kweBolivia ePacific.
Kuze kube ngama-1950 i-Compañia Exploradora de la Isla de Pascua (i-CEDIP)) yimbutho ebusayo, njengengalo ye-Anglo-Chilean ishishini. Urhulumente waseChile waphawula ukuqeshiswa kweCEDIP kunye ne-ChileyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyLaqAaWaAaAaAaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa. Ngokuphucula umgangatho wobomi wobomi, ukuhlala kwiRapa Nui kwaba lula.
Namhlanje, ngokuhamba emoyeni, ukubonelela kunye nomdla omkhulu kwihlabathi, abantu basePaster bayakhula. Bonke bahlala kwidolophu kuphela yaseHanga Roa. I-Rapa Nui iye yavakaliswa indawo yeGugu leMhlaba ngu-Unesco. Kukho iindiza eziqhelekileyo ezivela eSantiago kunye nabakhenkethi, izazinzulu kunye nabafuna ukwazi ukwazi ukuza kuhlolisisa i- moais , bafunde ngexesha elidlulileyo kwaye baqikelele izifundo ezikhoyo kwixesha elizayo.
Zininzi iimfihlakalo kwiSiqithi se-Easter. Kwiqithi elincinci, malunga ne-64 sq km (166.4 sq km) kukho into enokufunyanwa nokutolika.
Enye yeemfihlelo ezilula, ukuba kuninzi ukufihlakeleyo, imfihlelo yabantu abalahlekileyo phakathi kokutyelelwa kwe-Admiral Jacob Rogge phakathi noKaputeni Cook ngo-1774. Ingcaciso eyamkelekileyo kukuba abahlali besiqithi babenezinto zabo ezibonakalayo: ezolimo zazingenakudla ukwanda kwabantu .
Bawunqumla imithi, kwaye ngaphandle kwendlela yokwakha iinqanawa baze bashiye isi siqithi, ekugqibeleni baye bathatha imfazwe kunye nemigodi. I- moais yachithwa njengeyinye iqela elinye elinye lalinokutshabalalisa iifoto zabo. Abaninzi bama-theorists bembona okwenzeka kwiSiqendu se-Easter, bayibhale njengeRapa Nui Syndrome, kwaye nibone njengesixwayiso kubo bonke abantu bomhlaba.
Iimfihlakalo ezihlala ziyimifanekiso kaMoai yaseRapa Nui. Bazintoni? Kutheni na? Ngobani? Enye inkolelo eyinqaba kukuba nganye ye- moai ibonakaliswa nguothixo kunye nokhokho, kwaye njengakwamanye amabandla asePolynesia, yanika igunya, okanye i- mana , kubantu abaye bayigcina kwaye bayigcina imifanekiso. Ukuba, njengabafundiweyo, nganye kwintsapho okanye iintsapho ezikulo siqithi , zenza i-moais yazo, ukwakha iqonga elibizwa ngokuba yi- ahu ukukhonza njengendawo yokungcwaba intsapho, ngoko kulula ukuqonda ukuba kutheni imindeni elwalayo ifuna ukutshabalalisa umthombo amandla omnye nomnye.
Le ngcamango ayichazi ukufakwa kwe- moais , kwaye akukho nto ibukeka ngayo eyahlukileyo kunezona zindlebe ezide zide, imilomo emilenze kunye neentetho ezingenanto. Ngokwesiko, amaqela aphikisayo afunyenwe njengee-Short Ears nee-Long Ears, ezinokuthi zichaze inani elikhulu leemifanekiso ezide.
Emva koko kukho imfihlakalo yamehlo alahlekileyo. Ngaba iziseko zamehlo zachongwa kwaye zashiya zingenanto kwaze kwaba yilapho i- moai isakhiwe kwaye i- mana ifanele iqale ukusebenza, okanye ingabe amehlo, eyenziwe nge-coral kunye ne-scoria ifakwe kuphela kwizihlandlo zemikhosi?
UThere Heyerdahl waxelwa ukuba abahlali beRapa Nui bafika nge-balsa raft evela eMzantsi Melika. Incwadi yakhe uKon-Tiki yenze umtsalane wenzala kunye nemvume yokucima nokuhlola ezinye ze- moais . I-theorists ukususela apho baye baxhasa umsebenzi wakhe, njengokuba kuBu bungqina boLwimi lwe-Peruvian-Rapanui Ifonibhuku okanye abaphikisana ngokupheleleyo nembono yokuba abantu babenokwenza nantoni na . Kwi -Space Gods Ebonakalayo , u-Erik Von Daniken ubeka ingcamango eyabhuqa izithuba zabahlali abadala izidatshana. Inkolelo-mbono ayixhaswanga ubungqina bemivubukulo nangona mhlawumbi iqela le-NOVA elizama ukumisela isifanekiso esisebenzisa kuphela izixhobo umntu ohlala kulo, angaba wamkela ngaphandle kwezoncedo. Funda ibali labo kwiiNcwadi zePasika. Zonke i- moais ezimiyo ngoku ziyakhiwa kwakhona kwiminyaka edlulileyo.
Njengoko i- moais yachithwa okanye ishiywe, kwaye akukho zitsha ezakhiweyo, inkcubeko yatshintshela kulokho ngoku kuthiwa yihlelo leBirdMan.
Le nto yayisekho, kwaye ibhaliwe ngowe-1860 kunye nemifanekiso engaphezu kwe-150 okanye i-petroglyphs ikhona emadwaleni azungeze iindawo zokubhujiswa kwidolophana yaseOrongo, kufuphi ne-calano yaseRano Kau. Imizobo ibonisa umzimba womntu ngentloko yentaka, ngamanye amaxesha ubambe iqanda ngakwesinye icala, kwaye inkolelo ikhona ukuba le nkcubeko ibonisa umnqweno wokubalekela esi siqithi. Umcimbi osisiseko lo mbutho wawunomsebenzi wokufumana iqanda lokuqala libeka intwasahlobo nganye kwisiqithi sase-offshore sikaManuel Tara , intaka engcwele. Induna nganye inkulu yathumela omnye umviwa, okanye i- hopu , ukuba athawule ku-Moto Nui, isiqithi esikhulu kunazo zonke ngaphantsi kwe-Orongo, apho ukuze ulinde amaqanda. Xa i- hopu ifunyenwe iqanda, wayifaka ebunzini lakhe waza wabuya wabuya wabuya, wakhwela emaqhankini waza wanikela inja engenakunyaka .
Le ntloko yayiza kuba yi-BirdMan kunyaka ozayo, ngamagunya kunye namalungelo. Ezinye ze-petroglyphs zineempawu zokuzala ezixutywe kuyo. Ngomnye umphelo wesiqithi yindawo ekucingwa ukuba yindawo yokujonga ilanga, okanye inqaba yeenkwenkwezi.
I-Rapa Nui yayinefomu yokubhala ebizwa ngokuba yi-rongorongo engabikho mntu onokuyichaza. Intsimi kunye nomthombo wabalinganiswa abavulekileyo baye bavulelwa ukutolika iminyaka, kuba ithebhulethi yathunyelwa kuTepano Jaussen, uBhishophu waseTahiti, njengombonakaliso wentlonelo, ngabahlali besiqithi abasanda kuguqulwa.
Ukufika apho
Mhlawumbi uya kwiSiqithi sase-Easter ngomoya. I-LAN yaseChile yiyo kuphela i-airline ephaphazelayo kodwa ungenza uxhulumaniso lweeveki ezintathu ukusuka eSantiago okanye kabini ngeveki ukusuka ePapeete, eTahiti. Uhambo oluvela eSantiago luba malunga neeyure ezintandathu ubude, kodwa ukubuya, ngenxa yemimoya ekhulayo, lingaphantsi kweeyure ezintlanu. I-Airport ye-Mataveri ye-International ngaphandle kwe-Hanga Roa inomda omde kunabo bonke bee-airfield zaseChile kwaye isebenza njengendlela yokumisa ngokukhawuleza.
Hlola iindiza ezivela kwindawo yakho ukuya eSantiago okanye kwezinye iindawo zaseChile. Unokuphinda uphendule iehotele kunye nokuqashisa imoto.
Nini ukuya
Iqondo lokubanda lidlula ngaphezu kwama-degrees angama-85 (30ºC) kwaye aliyeki ngaphantsi kwama-degrees ama-57 (14ºC). Yilungiselele umoya, ogcina ubumnandi beqondo lokushisa, kunye nemvula emvula kangangoko ngosuku. Ngamana ingangenyanga enamandla kakhulu, kodwa ihlabathi elinyukayo lomswakama ngokukhawuleza. Khupha iimpahla ezikhululekile, izicathulo zokuhamba kakuhle okanye izibhotshi, ijezi okanye i-sweatshirt kunye ne-windbreaker. Iinyanga ezininzi kakhulu zixesha lehlobo laseDisemba ukuya kuMatshi.
Khangela isimo sezulu namhlanje kwiRapa Nui.
Izinto ozozenzayo kwaye ubone
Ngokuxhomekeka kwithuba elide lokuhlala kwakho, kwaye akunakulungeleka ukuhamba yonke loo ndlela kwaye ungayisebenzisi iintsuku ezine okanye ezintlanu apho, unokucwangcisa ukubona isiqithi sonke ngeenyawo, 4X4, ihashe okanye ibhayisikili. Ukuba ngebhayisikili okanye ngeenyawo, khumbula ukuthatha amanzi amaninzi, i-sunscreen, i hat kunye nama-glass sun.
Thatha i-snack kuba kungekho ndawo ngaphandle kweHanga Roa. Iindlela kunye neengoma zibuhlungu, kodwa akukho zithuthi ezininzi kwaye uya kukhuseleka. Abahlali besiqithi banqwenela ukuthetha into eyedwa ehlala entolongweni yinto ye-spiderwebs. Unokucwangcisa i-drive, kunye nokuyeka kwezinye i-moai ezidumileyo, okanye ukufundisisa ngokubanzi, kwaye zibandakanya ukuma kwindawo ye-quarry ukuze ucinge ngemifanekiso engcwatyelweyo kunye engaphelelanga apho.
Ukutyelela uAhu Akivi, uAhu Nau Nau, uAhu Tahai noRano Raraku. Kukho imirhumo yokungena kwiNqila yeCeremoni yaseOrongo neAhu Tahai.
Ngeke ulahleke. Isiqithi se-Easter sinesiqingatha se-triangular, kunye ne-volcano inamathela nganye kwikona. I-Maunga Pukatikei kwi-1200 ft (400 m) ihlala ekhoneni elisenyakatho-mpuma, iRano Kau e-1353 ft (410 m) ephezulu, kunye neyona nto ephakamileyo, uMaunga Terevaka ngo-2151.6 ft (652 m). Izithambeka zingenabumba, kwaye uza kufumana ukunyuka kwakho nokunyuka kweenduli ezincinci. Kuze kube yimini, akukho mda wokukhawulelwa, kodwa uhloniphe umsebenzi wezinto zakudala, ukuba inxalenye yesithathu yesi siqithi yiParque Nacional Rapa Nui. Awuyi kuvunyelwa ukususa nayiphi na impahla. Unokuthenga iimpendulo ze- moais, iipilisi ze-rongorongo kunye nezinye izinto ezisemaphandleni.
Ukuhlala, Ukutya nokunye
Kukho iihotele ezininzi kwi siqithi, izindlu ezininzi zeendwendwe, kwaye unokumisa inkampu e-Anakena ngaselunxwemeni, kodwa onke amanzi kunye nokutya kufuneka kuqhutyelwe kuyo. Gqibezela le ihotele ezongeziweyo ukwenzela ukufumaneka, amaxabiso, izibonelelo, indawo, imisebenzi kunye nezinye ulwazi oluthe ngqo. Ezinye iintsapho ziya kukuvumela ukuba uzibekele kwiinkampu zazo. Ukuba uhamba ngotyelelo, iimfuno zakho zezindlu ziya kugcinwa, ngaphandle koko ungathatha amathuba kwaye wenze amalungiselelo akho ekufikeni.
Abaninimzi abaninzi bafumana iiplani ezingenayo kwaye unokwenza ukhetho lwakho ngoko.
Ekubeni zonke izinto zingeniswa, zilungele iindleko zokutya eziphezulu. Kungaba kubi kakhulu ukuthenga isidlo sakusihlwa kunye nesidlo sasemini kwisitolo sendawo, (kukho i-supermercados ezimbini ngoku) kwaye udle kwivenkile yokutya ukuze udle isidlo sakho sakusihlwa. I-lobster isondlo. Kukhethwa ukhetho lweSitolo kunye neZityela.
Njengoko umnotho wesiqithi uhamba ngokubanzi ngokukhenketho, ukunganeliseki ngumnini waseChilean kukhula. Kukho ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo ukuzimisela nokuzimela. Kuthetha ulwimi lwesiSpain nolwimi lwasekuhlaleni, kunye nemithendeleko yendawo efana neRapa Nui Tapati Fiesta, eyayibanjwe njalo ngenyanga kaFebruwari, inqumana noRapa Nui. Amanye amaqela, afana neConjo de Ancianos , ufuna ipaki kazwelonke ibuyele kubemi bokuqala, abangenalo ipropathi ngaphandle kweHanga Roa.
Iindaba zeRapa Nui ziza kukugcina ulwazi. Enye imibutho, njengeRapa Nui Outrigger Club ifundisa izakhono, iimbali kunye nokuxabisa inkcubeko yabo kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni abancinci ngaphezu kokuncintisana nokuqhubela iinqwelo.
Uza kufumana iRapa Nui ibe mnandi, indawo yokungenisa izihambi ukutyelela, kodwa ungamangaliswa xa uvakalelwa ngumbono ongenangqiqo , intlungu kunye nokutsalwa kwe- moais yamandulo.
Jabulela uhambo lwakho!