Ngubani ongakuvayo, uJoan waseArc, oyiNtloko oyiNgcwele yeFransi? 'Umzikazi wase-Orleans' owashiswa kwisibonda esineminyaka engama-19 ngo-1431, uye wakhuthaza imisebenzi yobugcisa kunye neenkcubeko kwihlabathi kangangeminyaka engama-600. Imizobo yokuma kwayo yonke iFransi, ingakumbi umfanekiso wegolide kaJoan waseArc ngehashe e-Place des Pyramides eParis.
Fumanisa kabanzi ngaye kunye neengqungquthela ezizungezile kwi-Historial uJeanne d'Arc eRouen, ebekwe kwiNdlu yeArchbishop yakudala ngoku ibuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza kwizuko lekhulu le-18 leminyaka.
I-Historia uJeanne d'Arc
AmaFrentshi amnandi kakhulu kumabonakude amaninzi, kwaye i-Historial imalunga nokuzibandakanya ebomini kunye namaxesha kaJoan waseArc ngokusebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo ezihlakaniphileyo ukusuka kwiipaneli eziguquguqukayo ezicacileyo ukuya kwizibonakaliso zeziganeko ezinkulu kwiindonga kunye namapaneli mboniso. Ungaze ukhumbule iteknoloji; Isiphumo sihamba ngokuthakazelisa kwixesha elidlulileyo kwiinkampu zamagumbi amnyama bebukela iifilimi usebenzisa abalingisi abaphilayo, bejonge kwiindawo ezintle xa zibonakala zikhuni, kwaye ziphulaphule iincwadana eziphazamisayo ngolwimi lwakho.
- Vumela imizuzu engama-75 ukuhamba ngobomi bukaJoan waseArc obume kwiindawo ezi-7 ezahlukeneyo.
1. I-Dawn ye-15 leminyaka . Uqala kwi-Cryesque Crypt yeNdlu yeArchbishop yaseKare. IFransi neNgilani zibandakanya kwiMinyaka eyi-100 iMfazwe eyenzeka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka ngo-1337 ukuya ku-1453 xa iiKumkani ezilandelelanayo zombini zombini zilwa nomhlaba waseFransi.
Unyaka ngowama-1420 kwaye isiganeko sinokubuyiswa kwakhona kweJoan yaseArc. Isikhokelo sakho kunye nomlandisi nguJean Juvénal des Ursins, eneHhologram ibali lakho elixelela umngane wakho. Umntu obalulekileyo ngexesha, uJean Juvénal (1388-1473) wayengummeli onamandla kunye noMbhishophu, owokuqala waseBeauvais ngoko weLaon , kwaye ekugqibeleni uReims.
Wayengumntu ongeyinto ebomini ebomini bukaJoan waseArc, ebonisa ubungqina bakhe kunye nokufa ngo-1421, kwaye kamva ebengamele inkundla eyayibuyiselwa ngo-1456.
2. I-Gothic Crypt kunye noJoan of Arc ebusweni bokuqala. Wazalelwa eDomrémy, eyaziwa namhlanje njengeDammy-la-Pucelle (Domrémy-of-Maiden) ngo-1412. Idolophana encinane kwisebe laseVosges kwi- Grand-Est Region , i-equidistant phakathi kukaNancy kunye neyodwa ' Ubuncwane beChampagne ', iSt Dizier. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva ngo-1415 uKumkani uHenry V weNgilani wahlasela enyakatho yeFransi waza wamisa izithuthi ezikhokelela ekufeni kwakhe. Wayenomqhele waseKumkani waseFransi kodwa ngeenkani zesiNgesi neFrentshi kunye neziindlalifa zifa ngaphambi kwexesha, indlela ishiywe evulekile ukuba amaFrentshi athole itrone phantsi egameni likaDauphin, uCharles VII, oyindlalifa yesiFrentshi esihlalweni sobukhosi.
Ingaba ukholwa kwiintsimi kunye nemimangaliso okanye kungenjalo, ingumfana ongummangaliso wenkwenkwezana yakhe ehamba phambili ephuma kwidolophana yakhe ngo-1429, oneminyaka eyi-17 ubudala, ukukholisa amadoda anamandla afana noRobert de Baudricourt ukuba amnike ihashe aze ahambe ukuze afike kwinkundla yaseFransi. Wayeka iinwele zakhe, egqoke iingubo zamadoda waza wahamba ngohambo lweentsuku ezili-11 kunye nesingeniso sokumkani waseKumeni.
3. I-Old Kitchens kunye noJoan kunye noKumkani. Lapha uJean Juvénal uxela intlanganiso kaJoan noDauphin Charles ngo-1429 xa wayeneminyaka eli-17 kuphela; iimvavanyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezenziwa ngabafundisi ukuba bamise ukunyaniseka kwakhe, kunye nexesha elenziwe ngayo i-Knight kwi-Tours.
4. I-Old Pantry kunye noJoan njengeNkokeli yamaMkhosi. Oku kukubonisa ukuba yintoni le ntombazana ekwazi ukuyenza. UCharles wanika uJoan iinqwelo kwaye wamthuma nomkhosi waya eLowire Valley nase- Orléans , eyayijikelezwa yiNgesi. Kwiintsuku ezingama-5 umkhosi walwa noJoan okhokelela ekuhlaselweni xa belimele. Ukunqoba kwiNgesi yesi-Orléans kwalandelwa nguKumkani uCharles VII ngoJulayi 18, 1429 noJoan ovelele kwimikhosi. Kodwa ukunqoba okumnandi akuzange kugcine; UJoan wathunyelwa kuCompiègne ePalardy ukulwa nabakwaBurgundi, amaqabane aseFransi aseNgesi.
Ekhutshwe kwihashe yakhe, wabanjwa ngamaBurgundi axoxisana neNgesi. U-Joan waseArc owathunjiweyo wayeyisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiNgesi; kubiza ama-francs ayi-10,000.
UKumkani waseFransi uzikhuphe; IsiNgesi sammisela amagosa ecawa ukuba athathwe njengetyala, otyholwa ngobuqhetseba, ukuhlambalaza nokugqoka njengendoda. Wayegcinwe entolongweni yempi kwaye wayesongelwa ngokuhlushwa. I-tribunal ibuzwa imibuzo apha ngamaxesha ambalwa kodwa ayizange iphule.
5. I-Attic kunye noTyala. Khuphuka kwi-staircase ye-Cardinal-Estouteville ye-15 ye-esitrose ukuya kwi-attic yesilingo esichazwe kwi-panorama yesetyhula kunye nabalingisi bedlala abalinganiswa abemi egwebeni. UJoan ugwetyelwe ukufa. Ngomhla olandelayo, ngoMeyi 30, 1431, wathatyathwa waza watshitshiswa kwisibonda kwindawo yaseDueux Marché phakathi kweRouen. Oku kuphelile, iiflothi zivuliwe kwaye iifestile zityhila umbono ogqithiseleyo phezu kweRuen.
6. I-Attic apho uJoan waxolelwa khona-kungekudala. Kukho isahluko sokugqibela ukuxelela, kwi-attic yokugqibela encinci. UJean Juvénal ulapha ukuvuselelwa kukaJoan waseArc. Ngomhla wesi-7 kuJulayi, ngo-1456, wongamela umyalelo owawunikwe yindoda eyayiphambukile kuMvadi wase-Orleans iminyaka engama-25 ngaphambili. Ngoku kwakukho ixesha elifanelekileyo lezopolitiko likaKumkani uCharles VII ukuba athathe i-kudos ukuze athethelele umfazi owayeba ngumntu ohloniphekileyo kakhulu eFransi. Iingqina ezili-115 kwisilingo sokuvuselela iindonga kunye nebali ngendlela uCharles VII eya ngayo esuka kuDauphin waya kuKumkani.
Kukhona enye imbono enkulu ukusuka kule nqonga, iTour de Guet ngaphambi kokuba uhambe nge-staircase ye-15 ye-Luxembourg.
I-Mythothèque - KwiNkumbulo ukuya kwiNtsomi
I-tech high wizardry isetyenzisiwe kumagumbi amathathu ajonga iimbali zeJean d'Arc eziye zaba yinxalenye yenkcubeko yesiFrentshi.
Elikuqala lamagumbi amathathu lizaliswe ngeentengiso kunye neeposenti zentengiso; kwaye ubukele ifilimu ebonisa indlela inkohliso eyakha ngayo, indlela ezopolitiko ezivelisa ngayo imbono ephosakeleyo ye heroine, kunye nendlela abaculi abaye babonisa ngayo.
Isikhundla esinikezelwe kwingxelo yembali ikunika ithuba lokukhetha imibuzo ukubeka kubalobi-mlando abane.
Igumbi lokugqibela 'iKhabinethi yeCuriosities', ukuzaliswa kwemisebenzi yobugcisa kunye nezinto zonke eziveliswe kuMaid wase-Orleans othakazelisayo.
Olongezelelweyo ngoJeanne d'Arc eRouen
URouen, inkunzi yaseNormandy, igcwele izakhiwo zaseJeanne d'Arc. Uyakwazi ukubona isigxina esitratweni saseBourveuil esona sodwa siphila kwinqaba apho uJeanne d'Arc wayevalelwa khona.
Kukho umnqamlezo omkhulu kwisikwere saseVeux-Marché esibonakalisa indawo apho uJeanne d'Arc wasitshiswa khona. Ima ngokuphambene necawa yanamhlanje iJeanne d'Arc, kunye nomfanekiso wayo ngaphandle. Uphahla lwecawa lenzelwe ukubonakala ngathi amalangabi omlilo kunye neefestile zangasese zivela kwi-Renaissance.
URuen uyisixeko esivuyisayo ukutyelela. Kulula ukufika ukusuka eLondon , e-UK naseParis. Izele ngokukhenketho okuphezulu , kunye neendawo zokutyela ezifanelekileyo kunye namahhotela.
Ulwazi oluNcedo
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