Ukukhathazeka ngenxa yegciwane leZika kuye kwabangela ukuba abaninzi abahambahamba bahlaziye iiplani zabo zeOlimpiki. Enyanisweni, abagijimi abaninzi baye bathabatha isigqibo sokuyeka iiOlimpiki zasehlobo, kuquka i-golfers Jason Day kunye noVijay Singh kunye nomqhubi webhayisikili iTeayay Gard Garderen, ngenxa yegciwane leZika. Inentsholongwane isasazeka kwiCentral naseMzantsi Melika, iCaribbean, kunye namacandelo asezantsi eUnited States, kubalulekile ukwazi iindaba ezikhoyo ze Zika.
Siyazi ntoni ngoZika?
Isifo sengculaza seZika sisisandul 'ukutsha kwiLatin America, kodwa sisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kwaye sabangela ukuxhalabisa ngokubhekiselele kwikhonkco zayo kwiziphene zokuzalwa. Ngoxa i-Zika yintsholongwane egciniweyo kwaye ngenxa yoko ayikho inkxalabo kubantu abadala abaphilileyo, iingxaki ezinxulumene noZika zivela kuqala kwi-northeast yaseBrazil, apho oogqirha babona inani elimangalisa leintsana ezizalwe ngengxaki yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-microcephaly. Ukususela ngoko, uphando luye lwaqhutywa oluye lwangqinisisa ukudibanisa phakathi kweZika kunye ne-microcephaly.
I-Zika ingakhokelela ekuzalweni kokukhubazeka xa umfazi okhulelweyo enesivumelwano sokuthi unqande intsholongwane, leyo leyo inokuthi idluliselwe emntwaneni ngokusebenzisa i-placenta. Xa oku kwenzeka, i-Zika inokubangela umntwana ukuba akhulise intloko encinci, edla ngokuxhomekeke kwingqondo engaphantsi kwengqondo. Ubunzima beli meko buyahluka, kodwa ezinye iintsana ezizalwe nge-microcephaly ziya kuba nokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, kunye / okanye ukulahleka kombono, kwaye iimeko ezimbi kakhulu zikhokelela ekufeni.
UZika uye wadibaniswa ne-Guillain-Barre syndrome, ukukhubazeka okwethutyana kodwa kunokwenzeka. Kukho malunga no-1 kwi-4000-5000 ithuba lokuba umntu osulelwe nguZika uya kuba nale mqathango.
Zika isasazeka njani? Uphi uZika?
I-Zika isasazeka ngamanzi. Njengomkhuhlane weDengue kunye ne-chikungunya, i-Zika isasazwa ngumlingo we- Aedes aegypti , ophumelela kwiindawo ezifudumele.
Ngokungafani nezinye izifo ezithwala izifo, i-Zika iyakwazi ukusasazwa ngesondo kunye nakwindoda ekhulelwe kumntwana ongakazalwa.
I-Zika okwamanje isebenza kuyo yonke iMbindi neMzantsi Melika, ngaphandle kweChile ne-Uruguay. Ukongeza, i-Zika kulindeleke ukuba isasaze kwiindawo zase-US apho i- Aedes aegypti ihlala khona-eFlorida naseGulf Coast. Iziganeko zeZika ziye zabikwa kwiindawo ezinjengeNew York City apho abahambi bebuya ePuerto Rico, eBrazil nakweminye indawo apho iZika ikhoyo khona kwaye idlulisela intsholongwane kumaqabane abo ngokusebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwezesondo.
Ngaba iiOlimpiki ziya kukhutshwa ngenxa yeZika?
I-World Health Organisation isenza isigqibo sayo sokungayi kukhawulezi okanye ukukhansela iMidlalo yeOlimpiki, eya kusekwa eRio de Janeiro ngo-Agasti. Ukuqiqa kwabo kubandakanya ukuba ukudluliselwa kweZika kulindeleke ukuba kunciphise ubusika eBrazil kuqala, kwaye iindwendwe ziyakuthintela ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane ngokuthatha amanyathelo okuqapha, ngokukodwa kusetyenziswe izilwanyana ezinqabileyo. Nangona kunjalo, malunga neengcali eziyi-150 zabuza i-WHO ukuba iphinde iphindwe kwakhona, icacise ukukhathazeka ukuba ezinye iindwendwe eziliwaka eziliqela ziza kubuyela kwilizwe lakubo.
Ngubani omele aphephe ukuhamba ngenxa yeZika?
I-WHO ikhuthaza ukuba abafazi abakhulelweyo abahambi kwiindawo apho iZika isasazeka khona.
Abasetyhini abaceba ukukhulelwa kungekudala okanye amaqabane amabhinqa anokukhulelwa kufuneka agweme ukuhamba okanye ukulibaziseka ukukhulelwa. Kukholelwa ukuba i-virus yeZika inokuhlala kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo malunga neenyanga ezimbini kodwa ixesha elifutshane kumadoda nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
Iindaba ezifutshane malunga nokugonya kweZika
I-vaccine yeZika iqhutywe ngoku. Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane ifana ne-yellow fever kunye ne-dengue, isitofu sokugonya singakhutshwa ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lokugonya luya kuthatha ubuncinane iminyaka emibini.