Phakathi kokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwegciwane leZIka kulo lonke elaseLatin America, abanye baye bacela ukuba iMidlalo yeMidlalo yeOlimpiki yohlobo lwe-2016 ikhutshwe. Iimidlalo zeOlimpiki zicwangciselwe ukuba zenzeke eRio de Janeiro ngo-Agasti. Nangona kunjalo, ukulungiselela iMidlalo yeOlimpiki sele sele iyingxaki ngezizathu ezininzi. Ubuqhetseba obunobuncwane, imibhikisho kunye nokungcola kwamanzi eRio yimiba enzulu kakhulu, kodwa i-Zika virus yaseBrazil iqalile ingxoxo malunga nokukhupha iMidlalo yeOlimpiki.
I-virus yeZika yaqaphela okokuqala eBrazil kunyaka odlulileyo, kodwa isasazeke ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yezizathu ezibini: okokuqala, ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane intsha kwintshona yelizwe, kwaye ngoko ke, abantu abanakho ukhuseleko kwisifo; kwaye okwesibini, ngenxa yokuba umiyane oluphethe isifo luyinto ebonakalayo eBrazil. Ubungqingili be-Aedes aegypti, uhlobo lwemiyane ejongene nokuthumela ii-Zika kunye neentsholongwane ezifana neengqungquthela kunye ne-yellow fever, ngokuhlala zihlala ngaphakathi emakhaya kwaye ziluma kakhulu emini. Ingakwazi ukubeka amaqanda kwindawo encinci yamanzi ahleliyo, kubandakanywa i-saucers phantsi kwezindlu, izitya zentlanzi kunye namanzi anokuqokelela ngaphandle, njengezityalo ze-bromeliad kunye neeplastiki.
Ukuxhalabisa ngeZika kuye kwanda ngenxa yekhonkco elityholweyo phakathi kweZika kunye neengxaki ze-microcephaly kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, unxibelelwano alukabonakali. Ngeli xesha, abafazi abakhulelweyo baye bacebiswa ukuba baphephe ukuhamba kwiindawo apho i-virus yeZika isasazeka khona ngoku.
Ngaba iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yohlobo lwe-Olimpiki yase- Rio de Janeiro ye-2016 iya kukhutshwa? NgokweKomiti yeOlimpiki, akukho. Nazi izizathu ezintlanu ezinokuthi zichazwe ngokungaxhasi iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yohlobo lwe-2016 ngenxa yegciwane leZika.
Izizathu zeOlimpiki akufanele zikhanselwe:
1. Imozulu epholileyo:
Nangona igama elithi "Iimidlalo zeOlimpiki zasehlobo," u-Agasti ubusika eBrazil.
Ubungqingili be-Aedes aegypti bukhula kwimvula eshushu, emanzi. Ngoko ke, ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane kufuneka kuphuphe njengoko kudlula ihlobo kunye nokupholisa, ukufika kwezulu kushushu.
2. Ukukhusela ukusasazeka kweZika phambi kweMidlalo yeOlimpiki
Ngeemidlalo ze-Olimpiki esondela kunye nokwesaba ukukhula ngaphezu kweZika eziphumo ezinokwenzeka kwiintsana ezingakazalwa, izikhulu zaseBrazil ziye zatshathisa ingozi ngokubalulekayo ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuthintela ukusasazeka kwegciwane. Okwangoku, ilizwe lijolise ekukhuseleni ummi ngomsebenzi wemikhosi ekhuselekileyo, oya ngendlu ngendlu ukuze aphelise amanzi amile kwaye afundise abahlali malunga nokukhusela ummi. Ukongezelela, indawo apho iMidlalo yeOlimpiki iya kwenzeka khona ukukhusela ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane kulezo ndawo.
3. Ukugwema iZika ngexesha leMidlalo yeOlimpiki
Abahambi abaza kwiiMidlalo zeOlimpiki banokuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo ngokungenasifo. Ukuze benze njalo, kuya kufuneka badinga ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo amanyathelo okukhusela ngelixa e-Brazil. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa i-mosquito repellent (bona iziphakamiso zokuguqula ummiyane ), ukugqoka iimpahla ezide kunye nezicathulo (endaweni yezicathulo okanye i-flip-flops), uhlala kwindawo yokuhlala kunye ne-air conditioning kunye neefestile ezicyiweyo, kunye nokuphelisa amanzi amile kwihotele kwigumbi.
Ukukhusela umlingo eBrazil yiyona nto abahambahambayo kufuneka baqaphele. Nangona i-virus yeZika ingaba yintsha eBrazil, leli lizwe sele lisekhaya kwizifo ezithwalwe ngummiyane kuquka i-dengue kunye ne-yellow fever, kwaye kwakukho ubhubhane lwe-dengue ngo-2015. Ezi zifo zinempawu ezinzulu kwaye zinokubangela ukufa kwiimeko ezininzi , ngoko abahambi bafanele baqaphele ingozi ebangelwa kuyo kwiindawo apho baya kuhlala khona kwaye bathathe amanyathelo xa kuqwalaselwa. Ezi zifo azange zisasaze kuzo zonke iindawo zaseBrazil - umzekelo, i-CDC ayicebisi isitofu sokugonywa kwe-yellow fever eRio de Janeiro kuba eso sifo asifumaneki khona.
4. Imibuzo engaphenduliweyo malunga nemiphumo yeZika
I-virus yeZika yavakaliswa ngxamnye nexakeka kwihlabathi lehlabathi emva kokuba izikhulu zenze isigqibo sokuba kukho ukudibanisa phakathi kweZika kunye ne-spike kwiimeko zokuzalwa kwe-microcephaly eBrazil.
Nangona kunjalo, umnxibelelwano phakathi kweZika kunye ne-microcephaly kunzima ukubonisa. Inkonzo yezempilo yaseBrazil ikhuphe izibalo ezilandelayo: ukususela ngo-Oktobha 2015, kuye kwaba nama-5,079 amacala athatywayo okuyi-microcephaly. Kuzo, iimeko ezingama-462 ziqinisekisiweyo, kunye neemeko ezingama-462 eziqinisekisiweyo, ezingama-41 kuphela eziye zaxhunyaniswa noZika. Ngaphandle kokuba unxibelelwano phakathi kwintsholongwane kunye nokwanda kwimiba ye-microcephaly kungqiniswa, akunakwenzeka ukuba iMidlalo yeOlimpiki iya kucinywa.
5. Ukugcina isoyiko likaZika ngembono
Kukho ukhathazeka ukuba isifo sengculaza seZika sisasazeka ngenxa yabantu abasulelekileyo bebuya kwimidlalo yeOlimpiki. Nangona oku kukuxhalabisa ngokwenene, amandla okwenza iZika ukusasazeka akhona kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Uhlobo lwemiyane ephethe iZika aluhlali kwiindawo ezipholileyo, ngoko ininzi yaseUnited States neYurophu ayiyi kuba yindawo enamandla yokuzalisa intsholongwane. Intsholongwane sele ikhona kwiindawo ezinkulu ze-Afrika, kwi-mpuma ye-Asia, iinqithi zaseMzantsi Pacific, kwaye ngoku i-Latin America. Abantu abavela kumazwe apho i- Aedes i- spy mosquito ekhoyo khona kufuneka ibe ngokunyamekela ukukhusela umlingo xa uhlala eRio de Janeiro ukwenzela ukuba ithuba lokubuyisela iZika kumazwe abo asekhaya liya kuncitshiswa.
Ngenxa yekhonkco ekhoyo phakathi kweZika kunye neziphene zokuzalwa, abafazi abakhulelweyo bayacetyiswa malunga nokuhamba kwiindawo ezithelelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwempembelelo enokwenzeka kwimibhobho, iimpawu zeZika zincinci, ngakumbi xa zifaniswa neentsholongwane ezifana ne-dengue, chikungunya, kunye ne-yellow fever, kwaye kuphela abantu abangama-20% abanesifo sikaZika ababonise iimpawu.
Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaya kwiBrazil kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki bafanele bazi ukuba indlela isifo sengculaza esingenziwa ngayo. Basenokusuleleka kwaye, xa bebuyela kwilizwe labo begciwane lesifo sengculaza besabakho kwiinkqubo zabo, banokusasaza eso sifo ngokubethwa yizilwanyana ze- Aedes ezinokuthi zidlulisele intsholongwane kwabanye. Inani elincinci lemiba yeZika esasazwa nge-saliva, ngokwesondo kunye negazi kuye kwabikwa.