Iseluleko kunye neNkcukacha kubakhenkethi
Emva kokuhlaselwa kwamagebhrazi eParis ngoNovemba ka-2015 kunye nesiganeko esincinci kakhulu esingaphandle kwendawo ye-museum yaseLouvre ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari 2017, abaninzi abantu abaya kwiindwendwe zaseFransi bayazibuza ukuba ngaba ukhuselekile ngokwenene ukutyelela ngeli xesha.
Ezi zihlaselo azithethi nje ngeParis, nokuba zilandelayo: Ekuhambeni kwengozi kaNovemba ka-2015, enye e-Brussels ngo-Matshi 2016 eyayibangele amaxhoba angama-32, kunye nezihlaselo ezimbini ezongezelelweyo e-Nice, eFransi naseBerlin, eJamani, abakhenkethi bajikeleza ngeYurophu ngokuqinisekileyo uziva echukunyiswe kwaye ngaphezu kokuncinci kancinci malunga nokukhuselwa.
Kodwa njengoko ndichaza ngokubanzi ngokubanzi, kusekho isizathu esicacileyo sokususa uhambo lwakho okanye ukuziva uxhalabele ngokuhamba eParis.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlala unolwazi kuhlale kulungile. Nantsi iindwendwe eziya kwisixeko kufuneka zikwazi emva kokuhlaselwa, kuquka ulwazi malunga neengcebiso zezokhuseleko zangoku kunye neenkcukacha zokuthutha, iinkonzo kunye nokuvalwa kweso sixeko.
Skrolela phantsi ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluyidingayo , kwaye khangela apha apha ukuze uhlaziywe njengoko imeko iguqukela.
Iingcebiso zezokhuseleko ezisemthethweni: Ii-ambassasi zicele abantu ukuba "baqaphele"
Amazwe amaninzi akhuluma isiNgesi akhupha iingcebiso zokuhamba ekucebiseni abemi bawo ukuba baqaphele ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye baqaphele eYurophu emva kokuhlaselwa eBrussels, eParis, naseNicent, nasekuseni nje eBerlin. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ayingabalulekanga malunga nokuhamba eFransi.
I-American Embassy yakutshanje ikhuphe isaziso sokuhamba emhlabeni jikelele ngoSeptemba 2016. Nangona isilumkiso esilumkiso sobungqina bezinye izihlaselo ezivela kwi-ISIS / ISIL eYurophu, isilumkiso, esingenakho usuku lokuphela kwayo, kodwa alucebisi abantu baseMelika ukuba bangahambi EFransi okanye lonke elaseYurophu.
Kunoko uthetha oku kulandelayo:
Ulwazi oluchanileyo lubonisa amaqela oogqirha afana ne-ISIL / Da'esh, kunye ne-al-Qaida kunye nabalingani baqhubeka beceba ukuhlaselwa eYurophu njengabaqaphi basemzini babuya ekhaya bevela eSiriya nase-Iraq, ngoxa abanye abantu bangaphinda bahlaselwe okanye baphefumulelwe ngu-ISIL propaganda. Ngonyaka odlulileyo unqabile ukuhlaselwa eFransi, eBelgium, eJamani naseTurkey. Amagunya aseYurophu ayaqhubeka exwayisa ngeziganeko ezongezelelweyo kwiziganeko ezinkulu, izitishi zokutyelela, iivenkile zokurhweba, amaziko okurhweba, indawo zokunqula, kunye nesebe lokuthutha. Amazwe onke aseYurophu ahlala esengozini ekuhlaselweni kwimibutho yeentlanga zamanye amazwe kunye nabemi base-US banxuswa ukuba baqaphele ngelixa ziindawo zoluntu.
- Ukufumana iingcebiso kunye nolwazi olutsha olusuka kwi-American Embassy eParis , kubandakanya nendlela yokubhalisa kunye ne-Embassy ngexesha lokuhlala (uncetyiswa), tyelela i-website yabo esemthethweni.
- I-Embassy yaseCanada ikhuphe isiluleko emva kokuhlaselwa eParis icela ukuba abemi bayo "basebenzise umgangatho ophezulu wokulumkisa ngenxa yesongelo esiphezulu sogoposho". Jonga eli phepha ukuze uthole ulwazi oluninzi kunye neengcebiso.
- I-Australian Embassy ikhuphe izilumkiso ezifanayo, njengoko i-UK Embassy.
Ukufumana i-ambassy yakho okanye i-consulate kunye nayiphi na iingcebiso zokhuseleko ezipapashwe apho, jonga eli phepha.
Ngaba Kukhuselekile Ukutyelela iParis? Ngaba Ndifanele Ndiyikhansele Uhambo Lwam?
Ukhuseleko lomntu luyimpumelelo kakhulu, kakuhle, kwaye, andinakukunika isiluleko esilukhuni kunye nokukhawuleza kwindlela abahambahamba ngayo okanye abanokukhathazeka. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ukhathazekile emva kwezi ganeko-sonke sizanyazanyiswa ngabo. Akukho mntu uthembisa ukuba ukuhlaselwa okungekho nto ayikwazi. Ndiyakhuthaza ukuba ucinge ngala maphupha phambi kokuba ukhansele uhambo oluya eParis, nangona kunjalo:
Ukhuseleko mhlawumbi liphezulu kunabo bonke ngoku, kwaye abalindi bavikela ngokukhawuleza imimandla echaphazelekayo.
Nangona unokuba ufunda okanye ukhangele kwiindawo ezithile * zeendaba eziphathekayo ezixhalabileyo, iFransi ithatha ukhuseleko ngokubalulekileyo, kwaye amagosa athatyathele ngempumelelo kwaye awonakalisa ukuhlaselwa kwamandulo kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Uninzi kunje, ngoFebruwari 3 walo nyaka, umhlaseli oxhobile ngesigxina uzame ukungena kwiziko lezitolo zakwaCarrousel du Louvre (kufuphi neyamyuziyam eyaziwayo); xa amajoni ahlasele umnyango engavumi ukumvumela ukuba ahambe naye, wabetha omnye wabalindi, owamtshutshisa.
Ijoni lathinteka kancinci kwintloko, kwaye umhlaseli wasala ebudeni obubalulekileyo. Akukho zikhenkethi ezenzakaliswe okanye zabulawa kulo hlaselo. Nangona iindaba ezikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza zikhukula ngeentloko eziphazamisayo malunga nokuhlaselwa kwamagorha eParis, mhlawumbi kuchanekileyo ukubiza ngokuba "ukuzama" enye, kuba abalindi bemikhosi benza umsebenzi wabo ekukhuseleni indawo kunye neendwendwe zasemzini kwingozi. EFransi, ngubani obiza ngokuba "ukuzama ukwenza isenzo sobutshabalala", kwakhona uphapheme kakhulu, kwaye ukuhlaselwa kwakuyisikhumbuzo sokuba umngcipheko wokuzama ukuqhubeka kwindlunkulu iyinyani.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukuyifaka ngembono.
Ngaphezu koko, i-Paris njengangoku ijikelezwe ngamanani amapolisa kunye nabasemkhosini, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, izithuthi zikawonkewonke, kunye neendawo ezihlala zikhutshwa ngabakhenkethi, kuquka izikhumbuzo, iimyuziyam, iimarike kunye namaziko amakhulu okuthenga. Amawaka amaninzi amabutho namapolisa asetyenziswe ukukhusela nokubeka iliso kule mimandla.
Ubungozi bakho mhlawumbi buphantsi kakhulu kunesiqhelo ngenxa yezi zikhuselo eziphakamileyo. Ngelixa amagosa karhulumente avuma ukuba ukuhlaselwa okuninzi kunokwenzeka, babonisa ukuphaphama ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye basebenza ngokusemandleni abo ukukhusela isixeko, abahlali balo kunye neendwendwe zayo.
Funda ehlobene: Indlela Yokuhlala Ukhuselekile eParis: Iingcebiso Zethu Eziphezulu
Siphila kwihlabathi elinobungozi obunzima, kwaye sithatha loo mngcipheko rhoqo.
Njengoko ungeke uqinisekise ukuba ukungena emotweni yakho ekuhambeni kwakho kokusa kusasa kubakho ukuphazamiseka kwemoto, okanye ukuba awuyi kuba yintlanzi yobundlobongela obunobunzima kwintengiso, ukuhamba kuthatha inqanaba lomngcipheko . Inyaniso enokukhathazeka kukuba ulwabilo luyazi ukuba akukho mida emingeni yethu: ukwesaba iParis ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi umasipala omkhulu ukungaqondi kakuhle indlela abagqugqisi basebenza ngayo.
Beka ingozi yakho ekujoliswe kuyo kuhlaselo lwamagebengu ukuya kumbono onengqiqo.
Kubafundi abavela e-US ngokukodwa, kubalulekile ukubeka ingozi ekhoyo ehambelana nokuhamba eFransi okanye lonke elaseYurophu libe ngumbono. E-US, izibhamu zibulala abantu abangama-33,000 ngonyaka-xa kuthelekiswa neFransi, ekubhaleni kwirejista engaphantsi kwe-2,000 yokufa kwesibhamu ngonyaka. I-UK, okwangoku, ibhalisa ukufa kwabomdaka kuphela kumakhulu aphantsi ngamnye ngonyaka.
Inyaniso kukuba, nangona usuqwalasela ukuhlaselwa okukrakra eParis, y ingozi yethu yokuhlaselwa ngesihluku eFransi- nakwezinye iindawo zeYurophu - ziphantsi ngaphantsi kunokuba zilapha e-US. Ngoko ngoxa kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ukhululekile ngokuya kwelinye indawo, ukubuyela emva kwaye ulungele ukwesaba kwakho kwimigqaliselo enganako kunokunceda.
Ubomi eParis kufuneka buqhubeke ... kwaye ngaphandle koluncedo lwakho, aluyi kuba.
Njengoko iidolophu zihamba, i-Paris yindawo yokuvakatyelelwa kwinani lokuvakasha emhlabeni. Esi sixeko sidinga, ngaphezu kwako konke, ukuphilisa nokuhlawulela kule ntlekele eyingozi, kodwa ngaphandle koncediso lwabahanjisi abafaka isandla kakhulu kwimpilo yabo yezoqoqosho kunye ne-vibrancy, akunakuphumelela. Njengoko iNew York City yabuyisela emva kamsinya emva kokuhlaselwa kobugandagha be-9/11-kwaye ngokubonga, ngenxalenye, ekuxhaseni iindwendwe-yilo mbono yombhali ukuba kubalulekile ukuma emva kweParis kwaye ugcine umoya wayo uphila.
Funda ngokumalunga: Izizathu ezili-10 eziphezulu zokuvakasha eParis ngo-2017
Ingozi eyingozi ngakumbi kuneyona esiyifundileyo?
Ngengqondo yam, ingozi eyona nto yayiza kubakho iParis ilahlekelwa yizona zimpawu ezifunyanwa kakhulu: ukuvakalelwa, ukufuna ukwazi ngengqondo, ukuhlukahluka okungafaniyo, kunye nenkcubeko ekhuthaza ukugcoba umzuzu wamanje kunye nobutyebi bayo.
Isixeko apho abantu abaneemvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo baphuma kwizitrato kunye nakwiidanga ze-cafe , ukuvuselela ngovuyo kunye nokufuna ukwazi. Inkolelo yam yokuba asimele sikhubazeke ngenxa yokwesaba nokwesaba, hleze sinike ukunqoba kwabahlaseli.
Ukuba ukhathazeke ngokuhamba, mhlawumbi ukugxotha uhambo lwakho kungaba yinto efanelekileyo , ukuba unqwenela ukuvumela ixesha elidlulileyo kwaye ukuba imeko ihlale. Kanti, kwakhona, andiyikucebisa ukukhansela uhambo lwakho ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba uhlala eParis, landela izilumkiso zokhuseleko onokukhutshwa ngabasemagunyeni kwileta, kwaye uhlale uqaphela kwaye uqaphele. Ukutyelela eli phepha kwi-Ofisi yeTisitereji yeParis ukwenzela ukuhlaziywa kwangoku malunga neencomo zokhuseleko.
Ukuhamba kwenye indawo eFransi? UMary Anne Evans wase-About.com Uhambo lweFransi linomxholo oqaqambileyo unikezela iingcebiso kubakhenkethi bavakatye lonke ilizwe emva kokuhlaselwa. U-Rick Steves, okwangoku, ubhale ingcamango ekhangayo ye-Facebook malunga nokuba kutheni sifanele siqhubeke sihamba-kwaye singazivumeli ukuba sisongelwe.
Ukungena ngaphakathi nangaphandle: iiApeports kunye neeStishi zeeTeyile
Ukuhamba nokuphuma ngaphandle kweFransi kunye nenkunzi enkulu ihlolwe ngononophelo, kodwa izithuthi zaseburhulumenteni kunye nezitishi zezithuthi zomhlaba wonke zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ukulawula kumaziko eenqwelo-moya, izitishi zezitimela, kunye neefesti zokuqaliswa kweefestile ziye zaqiniswa ukususela ekuhlaselweni kukaNovemba ka-2015, ngoko kufuneka ulindele into encinane ekulibazisekeni okukhulu. Uhlolo lokulawulwa kwemida lwangoku lukhona nakuwo wonke amanqaku okungena eFransi, ngoko qi ni sekise ukuba iipaspoti zakho zilungele.
I-Metro kunye nezoThutho zoLuntu: Zonke ii- metro , ibhasi kunye ne- RER imigca eParis ziqhuba ngokuqhelekileyo.
Izihlaselo zikaNovemba 2015: Iinkcukacha eziphambili
Ngobusuku ngoLwesihlanu, ngoNovemba 13, 2015, abahlaseli abesibhozo abanezixhobo ezizenzekelayo kunye neebhanti eziqhumayo zijoliswe kwiindawo ezisibhozo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngeParis, babulala abantu abangama-130 benobungozi abangaphezu kwama-400, kubandakanywa abangaphezu kwe-100. Amaxhoba, ubuninzi abaselula kunye nezizwe ezahlukeneyo, isichotho kwiintlanga ezili-12 ezahlukeneyo.
Ininzi yezihlaselo ezibulalayo ezijoliswe kwiindawo ezisempuma ezisemaphandleni e-10 kunye ne- 11 ye-Paris, kuquka ihholo lekhonsathi yaseBacaclan, apho abantu abangaphezu kwama-80 babulawa phantsi kokuhlaselwa kwesibhamu kunye nokuhlaselwa kwebhokhwe, kunye neefestile kunye neendawo zokutyela ezijikelezayo kwi- Canal St-Martin .
Ezi hlaselo zaqhutyelwa kude kwiiofisi zephephandaba zaseCharlie Hebdo apho amaphekula abulala amaninzi intatheli kunye nabadwebi bemifanekiso ngoJanuwari 2015. Abanye baye bacetyiswa ukuba le mimandla neendawo zikhethwe njengezimboli ze-cosmopolitanism yaseParis kunye nohlobo lweentlanga; njengemimandla ebonisa uhlobo lwenkululeko, inkolelo enkulu yenkcubeko yolutsha ebonwa "inkohlakalo" ngababi. Eyaziwayo njengenkcubeko, inkolo, kunye neentlanga eziqhekezayo kunye neendawo ezizithandayo zobomi basebusuku , isithili sele sihlala kwindawo apho abantu bezizwe ezahlukeneyo bekhona khona.
Izigandane nazo zahlasela isiteyimu seStade de France kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni yaseSt-Denis ngexesha lebhola lebhola / ibhola phakathi kweFransi neJamani. Ababhikishi abathathu bazibulala apho ngaphandle kwebala lemidlalo, kodwa akukho phelo lokufa labikwa kuloo ndawo. Kwakhona, le midlalo iye yajongwa njengowomqondiso wobunye baseFransi ngenxa yamandla karhulumente wezemidlalo ukuzisa ndawonye abemi beemvelaphi ezahlukileyo-kwaye ngoko ke, ezinye iindawo, mhlawumbi zijoliswe kuzo ngezizathu ezifanayo.
Intlangano yesigebengu eyaziwa ngokufana ne-ISIS, ISIL, okanye iDaesh ithe ixanduva lokuhlaselwa - elifa kunazo zonke kwimbali yaseFrance-kusasa kusasa. Abasixhenxe kwabasibhozo abasolwalayo, kuquka abathathu baseFransi nabaseSiriya, bakholelwa ukuba bafile. Umsolwa wesibhozo, uBelgium Salah Abdeslam, wabanjwa eBrussels ngasekupheleni kosuku lukaKwindla emva komntu wasemhlabeni wonke, kwaye uhlala esitokisini.
Ngentsasa yokuqala kaNovemba 18, amapolisa ahlasela indlu ehlala enyakatho yeSaint-Denis , ngamapolisa ebopha abantu abaninzi abasolwa ngo-13 Novemba eParis. Kwabikwa ukuba abantu abasixhenxe bafunyanwa emaphoyiseni ukuze babuze imibuzo, kwaye ummangali wesilisa nowesifazana okhoyo kwindlu yafa emva kokuba i-former ibenze ibhendi eliqhumayo. Omnye ummangalisa obulewe kwindawo leyo waqinisekiswa njengoAbdelhamid Abaaoud, wesizwe saseBelgium esikholwa ukuba ngumlawuli wolu hlaselo, kunye ne-ISIS eSiriya.
NgoLwesihlanu, ngoNovemba wama-20, iinqununu zaseYurophu zeeNtlangano zidibene eBrussels malunga neentetho zongxamiseko kwi-Yurophu, efuna ukuphucula ngokubanzi ulwalamano kunye nokukhuseleko kwimilinganiselo yangaphandle yelizwe ngalinye. Abaninzi abanjelwe eBrussels ukususela ekuhlaselweni: amapolisa athathe abantu abaninzi babecinga ukuba babandakanyeka.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga nokuhlaselwa kunye nemva yabo , nceda ubone ukugqithiswa okukhulu kwiziko ezifana ne-BBC kunye neNew York Times.
Umva: Ukutshitshisa nokulila
Emva kobusuku obusongelayo, ukudideka, kunye neentlanzi, abaseParis bavusa ngentsasa elandelayo kwimeko yosizi nokungaqondakali. UMongameli waseFransi uFrancois Hollande wabiza iintsuku ezintathu zokulila kweSizwe ngoMgqibelo, ngoNovemba 14, kunye neflegi yesiFrentshi ehamba ngeenyawo kwi-Palace yase-Elysées, kunye nakwezinye iindawo.
NgoNovemba 27, 2015, iFrance yabona usuku lokulila lwesizwe. Umkhosi ekukhunjweni kwabahlaseli abangama-130 behlaselo lwabanjelwa e- Les Invalides , isibhedlele sasemkhosini saseParis. Abantu abangaphezu kwe-1 000 beza kumthendeleko, bongameli nguMongameli Hollande kunye namalungu entsapho amaxhoba.
Kwintetho ngosuku olulandelayo ukuhlaselwa, u Hollande wababiza ngokuthi "isenzo sokungabikho kwinqanaba lobundlobongela" kwaye wathembisa ukuba "iFransi iya kuba yintloni ekuphenduleni kwayo [ISIS]."
Kodwa wabiza ukuba ubumbano lwesizwe kunye "neentloko ezipholileyo", isilumkiso malunga nokunyamezela okanye ukwahlukana emva kokuhlaselwa.
"UFransi unamandla, kwaye nangona utyhafile, uya kuvuka kwakhona." Nangona sibuhlungu, akukho nto iya kumtshabalalisa, "watsho. "IFransi iqine, iyomelele kwaye iya kuyanqoba le nkcenkcesha .Umlando ukhumbuza oku kunye namandla esinalo namhlanje ukuba sihlanganisane.
IFransi iye yaqinisa ngokukhuselekileyo ukususela ekuhlaselweni, ukukhuthaza ama-polisi angaphezulu kwama-115,000 kunye nabasemkhosini ukukhusela i-Paris kunye nayo yonke indawo yaseFransi.
Iintlanzi, iMemorials, kunye neMigqaliselo yeSixeko
Amakhandlela amakhanda, iintyatyambo kunye namanqaku athile abonisa ukuxhaswa kweentsapho kunye nabahlobo bexhoba ezijikeleze esixekweni kwiiveki emva kokuhlaselwa, kubandakanywa neendawo zokutya kunye neendawo zokutya ezijoliswe eMpuma eParis nasePaul de la République. Esi sikwere esikhulu esaziwa ngokubonisa imibutho yaso kunye nokuqokelela, iqela labantu abalilayo lanikezela ngeenkululeko zokuzikhethela ngeveki emva kokuhlaselwa.
Ekupheleni kukaNovemba waloo nyaka, i-Eiffel Tower yayikhanyiswa ngemibala yeflegi yaseFransi-ebomvu, emhlophe, neyibhakabhaka-ekukhunjuleni amaxhoba. Inqaba yaseMontparnasse nayo yakhanyiswa ngemibala yeflegi ngoMvulo we-16.
Isiqubulo se-latin yesixeko, "i-Fluctuat Nec Mergitur" - eguqulela ukuba "ixutywe, kodwa ingatshitshisi" ibamba amabhanki azungeze isixeko, kubandakanywa nasePaul de la République. Kwakhona kuboniswa kwezinye iindawo zokukhumbuza.
NgoMvulo uNovemba-16 ngemini, iFransi yaphawula ngcaciso emfutshane yokukhumbula abantu abaxhobayo. Inkomfa yokuthula yayibonwa kwi-United Kingdom naseYurophu.
Okwangoku, abantu kunye noorhulumente abavela kumazwe ajikeleze ihlabathi bahlawula iindwendwe ezithintekayo kumaxhoba aseParis.
Iinkokeli zaseMzansi zaseFransi zagxeka ngokutsha izihlaselo. Umgcini we-Grand Mosque yaseParis, i-Dalil Boubakeur, wabiza ukuba abefundisi bamazwe baseMoslim balawule ngokufanelekileyo ulwalamlo kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zobundlobongela kwiintshumayelo zabo ezizayo. Wabamema ukuba bagcine imithandazo kunye nomzuzu wokuthula ngoLwesihlanu ngoNovemba 20 ekukhunjuleni amaxhoba okuhlaselwa.
Kwintetho, wabonisa "intsebenziswano" kunye "nentlungu" yabangamaxhoba, wathi uthe wagxeba ngokupheleleyo "izenzo ezingabonakaliyo" zamagebungela 'awonakele ngokupheleleyo abantu'.
Imibuzo okanye ukukhathazeka? Biza umnxeba woNcedo lweSixeko weeKhenketho:
Amagosa eSixeko avule umnxeba wokunceda abavakhenkethi kunye neendwendwe ukuba babuze imibuzo enxulumene nokukhuseleko okanye ukugcinwa kwempahla: +33 1 45 55 80 000. Abaqhubi abasebenzela isiNgesi bafumaneka kuloo mgca.
Khangela apha apha ukuhlaziywa:
Ndiza kuhlaziywa kweli phepha ngolwazi oluchanekileyo kubakhenkethi nakwiindwendwe ezichaphazelekayo malunga nokukhuseleko.