Oko kufuneka ukwazi ukuhlala ukhuselekile kwiZika
Kwiinyanga zokuqala zonyaka we-2016, abahambi ukuya eMbindi naseMzantsi Melika baxwayiswa ngokutsha kwesifo esitsha esingazisongeli iindwendwe eziphathekayo, kodwa sibeka abantwana abangabantwana abasengozini. Kuyo yonke iMelika, amazwe angama-20 alwa ne-Zika virus.
Ukusasazwa ngamangqungqwana asulelekileyo, abahambi abavakatyelayo nawaphi na amazwe achaphazelekayo achongwe ngamaziko okuLawula izifo (CDC) ayengozini yokusuleleka.
Ngokwezibalo ze-CDC, malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zalabo badibene ne-virus baya kuphuhlisa iZika, ukugula okufana nesifo sokukhukhuza okungazinzi kakhulu.
Ziyintoni iZika? Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngaba usengozini kwi-Zika virus? Nazi izimpendulo ezinhlanu ngamnye ohambahambayo kufuneka azi malunga ne-virus yeZika ngaphambi kokuya kwisizwe esinokuchaphazeleka.
Iyintoni intsholongwane kaZika?
Ngokutsho kweCDC, uZika isifo esifana nesibini kunye ne-chikungunya, ngelixa lifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Labo abagqitywa yi-Zika banokufumana umkhuhlane, ukugqithisa, amehlo obomvu, kunye neentlungu kwiindawo kunye nezihlunu. Isibhedlele asikho imfuneko yokulwa neZika, kwaye ukufa akunakwenzeka kubantu abadala.
Abo bakholelwa ukuba baye bafumana isivumelwano seZika kufuneka baqhagamshelane nogqirha ukuze baxoxe ngeendlela zokwenza unyango. I-CDC icebisa ukuphumla, ukusela amanzi, nokusebenzisa i-acetaminophen okanye i-paracetamol ukulawula umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu njengeplani yokwenza unyango.
Ziziphi iindawo ezinomngcipheko omkhulu kwi-Zika virus?
Ngo-2016, i-CDC ikhishwe iSaziso seZibini sokuThuthuka kumazwe angaphezu kwama-20 e-Caribbean, eMntla Amerika naseMzantsi Melika. Amazwe achaphazelekayo yiNtsholongwane kaZika zibandakanya iindawo zokutyelela ezikhenketho zaseBrazil, eMexico, ePanama nase-Ecuador. Iziqithi eziliqela, kuquka iBarbados kunye neStart Martin, nazo zichaphazeleka yiZika.
Ukongezelela, izinto ezimbini zaseMerika ezihambayo abangashenyuli ngaphandle kwepasipoti ziye zenza uluhlu lwesaziso. Bobabini iPuerto Rico kunye neZiqithi zase-Virgin zaseUnited States babephapheme, kunye nabahambi bacela ukuba baqaphele xa behamba ukuya kwiindawo.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu kwi-Zika virus?
Nangona nabani na oya kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo basengozini yegciwane lesifo se-Zika, abafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abaceba ukukhulelwa banakho ukulahlekelwa. Ngokutsho kwe-CDC, iimeko ze-Zika virus eBrazil ziye zaxhunyaniswa ne-microcephaly, ezingonakalisa umntwana ongakazalwa ekuphuhlisweni.
Ngokwamaphepha ezokwelapha, umntwana ozelwe nge-microcephaly unentloko encinci ekuzalweni, ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwengqondo engalunganga kwisibeleko okanye emva kokuzalwa. Ngenxa yoko, abantwana abazalelwa kule meko banokujamelana nobunzima obuninzi, kubandakanywa ukukhawuleza, ukubambezeleka kokuphuhliswa, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kunye neengxaki zombono.
Ndiyakucima uhambo lwam phezu kweZika virus?
Kwiimeko ezikhethiweyo, ii-airline zivumela abahambi ukuba bahluthe ihambo zabo kwi-Zika virus. Nangona kunjalo, ababoneleli ngee-inshorensi zokuhamba bangenako ukuphakela kwabo bahamba kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
Bobabini i-American Airlines kunye ne-United Airlines ziya kunika abahambi ithuba lokurhoxisa iindiza zabo malunga neengxaki zeZika izifo kwiindawo ezichazwe yi-CDC.
Ngoxa i-United iya kubavumela abahamba ngeenkxalabo ukuba bahlengahlengise uhambo lwabo, iAmerica ivumela kuphela ukukhansela kwiindawo ezithile ngokuqinisekisiweyo okubhaliweyo kokukhulelwa kogqirha. Ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhansela i-airline, qhagamshelana ne-airline ngaphambi kokuba uhambe.
Nangona kunjalo, i-inshurensi yohambo ayiyi kubeka i-Zika njengesizathu esisemthethweni sokukhansela. Ngokuhambelana ne-intanethi ye-inshorensi ye-inshorensi ye-Squaremouth, ukukhathazeka kweZika kungenako ukwanele ekuhambeni kokubanjiswa kwebango kwinkqubo yomshuwalense. Abo banokuba bahamba kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo mabaqwalasele ukuthenga i-Cancel nayiphi na inkqubo yomgaqo-nkqubo xa behlela amalungiselelo okuhamba.
Ngaba uya kuhamba ne-inshurensi yokufihla i-HIV?
Nangona i-inshurensi yokuhamba ingasayi kugxotha uhambo lokukhansela ngenxa yegciwane leZika, umgaqo-nkqubo unokusebenza ukugubungela abahambi ngexesha lokuya kwawo.
I-Squaremouth ibikela abaninzi ababonelela nge-inshorensi yokuhamba bengenayo i-exclusion yezokwelapha kwi-Zika virus. Ukuba umhambi wayenokusulelwa ngentsholongwane ngexesha eliphesheya, i-inshurensi yokuhamba iyakunceda unyango.
Ukongezelela, ezinye iinkqubo ze-inshorensi zokuhamba ziquka icandelo lokukhansela ukuba umhambi uza kukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuhamba. Ngaphantsi kwesi sigatshana sokukhansela, abahambi abakhulelweyo banokukwazi ukurhoxisa uhambo lwabo kwaye bafumane impindiselo ngenxa yeendleko ezilahlekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuthenga umgaqo-nkqubo we-inshorensi yokuhamba, qiniseka ukuba uyayiqonda yonke imingcele.
Nangona ukutshabalaliswa kwegciwane leZika kunokusongela, abahambi bazinokuzikhusela ngaphambi kokuhamba. Ngokuqonda ukuba yiyiphi intsholongwane kwaye ngubani usemngciphekweni, abacebisi bangenza izigqibo ezifundisiweyo malunga nezicwangciso zabo zokuhamba kulo lonke imeko.