I-Pot True Melting on the North Coast
Umxube ohlukeneyo wohlanga lwadala umphefumlo kunye nolwazi lweCleveland. Enye yezinto ezinika isixeko umlinganisi wakhe onomdla, kungabhekiseli kwiindawo zokutya ezizwe, amakhelwane kunye namasiko. Nanku ukukhangela kumaqela amakhulu ancedise ekwenzeni iCleveland yintoni namhlanje. Ngolunye ulwazi malunga nelifa lemveli likaCleveland, khangela iprojekthi yeCleveland Memory.
01 we-17
Iipolisi
Abafuduki baseCleveland basePoland baqala ukufika phakathi nekhulu le-19, bekhishwe ngumsebenzi kwizixhobo zokugungqa (izitye) kunye noMlambo waseCuyahoga kunye neendwangu zeeboya. Ngaphandle kwamaCzech, bahlala kwindawo ejikeleze iCuyahoga Valley, ekuthiwa yiSlavic Village kunye neNewburgh Heights.
IsiPolish sisathethiwa malunga nomzana waseSlavic, kunye nezitolo zokutya, ezifana nee-Seven Roses Deli, zithengisa i-sausages, pierogi, kunye nezinye izinto zasePoland. Ummandla waseSlavic Village ugubha ilifa lakhe ngalunye ngoMeyi uSuku nge-parade kunye no-Agasti ngamnye kuMthendeleko wokuVuna. ISt. Stanislaus Church, eyasungulwa ngo-1888, yayiyimpembelelo yokuqala kuluntu kwaye yanceda ukuxhasa abafikayo.
02 we-17
AmaTaliyane
Abafuduki bevela eItali baqala ukuhlala eCleveland ngephakathi kwe-19 leminyaka, kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Big Italy ecaleni kwe-Woodland ne-East 30th Street. Uninzi lwabahlali baseNtaliyane bokuqala babengabathengisi, abapheki kunye nabasitolo. Intsalela encinci ye "Big Italy," kodwa amashishini afana neGalccci kunye noCalallano ayingcambu yawo.
Ngasekupheleni kweXesha le-19, iqela elithile lamaTaliyane lahlala kwindawo esezantsi kwe-Euclid, kufuphi neMayfield, eyaziwa ngokuba yiNtaliyane encinane. Uninzi lwaba bantu abatsha beza kuba ngamatye aphethwe ngamatye aqingqiweyo aseMountain Cemetery . I-Italy yaseLatin namhlanje isigcina umoya walezo zizukulwana zokuqala zaseMelika.03 we-17
Irish
I-Irish yayingenye yamaqela okuqala ukuhlala eCleveland, ekhankanywa yimisebenzi eyenziwe yi-Ohio-Erie Canal kunye neCleveland docks. Abafuduki base-Ireland bokuqala bahlala kwiWhisky Island (egama linguLornzo Carter, kungekhona abemi abasha) ekuqaleni kwee-1820s.
Njengoko umsebenzi wasemanzini waba ninzi, abaninzi abantu abavela kuma-Irish bafika bevela eYurophu, behlala kwi-West Side nakwii- Flats namhlanje. ISalaki yaseMalaki, i-parish yase-Ireland, yayiyiyona ndawo ebalulekileyo kuyo.
UCleveland usazikhumbuza ezininzi zalabo baqala ukuhlala kwiindawo ezininzi zama-Irish, ukubhiyozelwa kweSuku lweSt. Patrick kunye nabaninzi be-Irish pubs.04 we-17
AmaJamani
Abahlali baseJamani baseNortheast Ohio bavela kakhulu baseMpuma bathi, inzala yabo bafika eUnited States ngexesha leNguqulelo yaseMerika.
Ukwakhiwa kweConal-Erie Canal kule minyaka yama-1830 kwazisa ukuhlaselwa kwezizukulwana zokuqala zaseJamani, abaninzi babo bahlala kwindawo yaseTront yanamhlanje, kwi-Street Lorain eBrooklyn, kunye neendlela eziPhakamileyo kunye neCentral kwi-East Side. Abafuduki baseJalimane bokuqala babengabakhono abanobuchule, abapaki, abagugu, kunye nabaxhasi, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Izakhiwo zaseJamani zaseCleveland zihambile, kodwa ifa lesixeko saseJamani singabonwa kwiMakethe yase-Honsa eLorain, kufuphi neWest Side Market, naseZion UCC eTrmont.
05 we-17
Iintetho
Ngexesha elikhulu leminyaka ye-20, uCleveland wayenomphakathi omkhulu eSlovenia eMelika. Ukuqhelana nemisebenzi kwiindonga zensimbi, iiSloven zaqala ukufika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, zihlala kwindawo yaseNewburgh.
Ezinye iikholeji zeSlovenes ziquka indawo yeSt. Clair Avenue (ukusuka kwi-East 30th Street ukuya e-East 79th Street.) Kunye nommandla waseCollinwood . Kamva, amaninzi aseSlovenia ayefudukela e-Euclid, e-Ohio.
Abaqwengqileyo abasemagqabini abangoSlovenia bahlala bequka uSene George Voinovich kunye neenkwenkwezi ze-Polka Frankie Yankovic. Ummandla omncinci kodwa osebenzayo waseSlovenia usaphila eCleveland.
06 we-17
IsiTshayina
Ilifa leChina leCleveland livela kwiqela elincinci kodwa elisondeleyo laseCantonese elihlala kufuphi nePublic Square ngasekupheleni kwe-1860s. Abahlali baseTshayina basekuqaleni babebanini bendawo yokutya kunye nabasebenzi.
Njengoko idolophu yaseCleveland yenyuka, le ndawo yafudukela empuma, kuqala ukuya kwingingqi ye-East 55th Street kunye ne-Euclid Avenue kunye nama-1930 ukuya kwiCleveland yaseChinatown ( ngoku eyi-Asiatown ), ecaleni kwe-Rockwell ne-East 24th Street.
Ii-1970 kunye nee-1980 zazisa ukufuduka kwabasemzini baseTshayina, ababethelelwe kwiiyunivesithi zaseCleveland kunye nemisebenzi yobunjineli kunye nobuchwepheshe.
Namhlanje, i-Asiatown yaseCleveland igcwele iitishi zokutya zaseTshayina-zaseMelika kunye nezitolo zokutya zaseTshayina kwaye zifumana ukuzalwa kwakhona njengendawo yokuhlala.
07 we-17
ICzech
I-Czechs yenye yeyona ndlela inkulu nakakhulu kunamaqela aseCleveland. Laba bavela kwamanye amazwe, okwakhiwa ngamaBhohemi, eMoravians naseSiliesi, baqala ukufika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. AmaCzech asekuqaleni ahlala kwicandelo lomlambo namhlanje elibizwa ngokuba yiFlats.
Abafikeni bexesha elizayo bafuduka besuka kwisixeko apho babe nobunzima bomhlaba ukuze bahlume imifuno, bahlala kwi-Broadway neFleet Avenue kunye ne-West 41st Street kunye neClake Avenue.
Zombini ezi ndawo zihlala zizinzile, zincinci zabantu baseCzech-American. Inkcubeko yaseCzech ingafumaneka nakwiicawa, njengeSt. John Napomocene kwiFleet Avenue kunye neKarllin Hall yeqela loluntu, nakwiindawo zaseSlavic Village.08 we-17
BaseUkraine
Abafuduki bokuqala baseCleveland baqala ukufika kuloo ndawo kwiminyaka ye-1870, behlala ngokubanzi kwindawo yaseTrmont. Kamva amaza abafudukayo afika eCleveland phakathi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I kunye neMfazwe Yehlabathi II nangemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Abafuduki abaninzi abasandul 'umva baye badala i-enclave yase-Ukraine eParma, ngasezantsi kweCleveland.
Uluntu olusebenzayo luneenkqubo ezintathu zerediyo kunye namaphephandaba amathathu e-Ukrainian kunye neMyuziyam yase-Ukraine kwi-Avenue yeKenilworth eTrmont. Ezinye iicawa zendawo ziphethe iinkonzo e-Ukrainian; ezi ziquka i-Sts. UPetros noPawulos eTrmont naseSt. Josaphat eParma.
09 we-17
BaseHungary
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, iCleveland yayinabantu abakhulu baseHungary ngaphandle kweHungary. Ukususela ngo-1870, amaninzi abantu baseHungary ahambela eNortheast Ohio ukuba asebenze kwi-foundries nakwiivenkile zemishini ezikhulayo kuloo ndawo. Amaninzi amaninzi aseHungary awakhiwa, amabini amakhulu kunawo onke ajikeleze i-East 79th Street kunye neWatchland Avenue kunye neBuckeye Road.
Iziganeko ezilandelayo emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kunye ne-1956 yesiHungarian Revolution zazisa amaza angaphezulu.
Namhlanje, isiko saseCleveland sesiHungary sibonakala kwintsimi yaseHungary kwi-Cleveland Cultural Gardens, kwiMark Museum yaseHungary, nakwiivenkile ezifana neBalaton kwiShaker Square (ekuqaleni kweBuckeye Road).10 we-17
I-African-American Community
Ifa lemveli elimnyama laseCleveland liphantse lidala njengaloo mzi ngokwawo. Umhlali wokuqala wase-Afrika-waseMelika, uGeorge Peake, wafika eCleveland ngo-1809, emva kweminyaka engama-13 emva kokuba uMoses Cleaveland awusise isixeko ngo-1796. Ukususela ngoko abahlali base-Cleveland baseAfrika-Amerika baye badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwesixeko. Ziquka uKarl Stokes , ongowokuqala waseMelika-waseMelika.
Abemi abamnyama bakaCleveland bafika kumaza aphezulu amakhulu, eza ngokubanzi evela eMerika yaseMzantsi. Umshumbisi wokuqala wavela ngo-1890 ukuya ku-1915 waza wahlala ngokubanzi ngokubanzi kwiCentral Avenue, phakathi kwedolophu kunye ne-East 40th Street. Kamva, phakathi kowe-1940 no-1960, ukutshatyalaliswa okwesibini kwabase-Afrika baseMelika, inxalenye yeMfudumalo ePhambili.
11 we-17
AmaKorea
Inani elincinane laseCleveland labafuduki baseKorea baqala ukufika e-northeast Ohio ekupheleni kweMfazwe yaseKorea ngo-1953. Inani elikhulu labantu baseKorea bafika ngokuthe ngcembe ngee-1970 nakwe-1980. Aba bantu abatsha beza kuba ngabafundi, amagqirha kunye neenjini.
Ukususela ekubeni abafuduki bakaCleveland baseKorea bafika ngokuthe ngcembe, bahlala kuyo yonke loo mzi, kunokuba bahlala kwindawo enye. Isiko saseKorea sibonakala kwiisonto ezintandathu zaseKorea-America esixekweni, kuquka iSt. Andrew Kim Korean Catholic Church eTrmont.
12 we-17
BaseCroatia
ICroatia iyindawo engamazantsi eSlavic eYurophu, ummandla onxunguphalo, ngokukodwa ngekhulu lama-20. Ngethuba lobalo luka-1990, uCleveland wayenomdla wesine waseCroatia e-US. Aba basemfuduka baqala ukufika kuma-1860s, behlala kunye neSlovenes ngeSt. Clair Avenue, ukusuka e-East-ninth ukuya eMpuma 79 ezitalatweni. Uninzi lwabafuduki baseCroatia ababenemisebenzi abangenalwazi abanokufumana imisebenzi kwiirhasi zetsimbi nakwiivenkile zokurhweba.
Emva kwexesha elide lincinci, abaqeqeshi abaqeqeshiweyo baseCroatia bafika emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, babalekela umbuso wamaKhomanisi waseYugoslavia.
Namhlanje, isiko saseCroatia sibonakala kwiKhaya leSizwe laseCroatia elitsha elise-Eastlake kunye neecawa, njengeSt. Nicholas, kwi-Superior Avenue.
13 we-17
AmaGrike
Uluntu lwase-Cleveland lwesiGrike lincinci kodwa luhlangene kakhulu. Abafuduki baseGrisi baqala ukufika eCleveland kuma-1880, behlala ngeBolivar nase-Ontario indawo ebizwa ngokuba yiSangoway.
Abafikile ekufikeni kwekhulu lama-20 behlala eTrmont baze basekela iBandla le-Annunciation, elisaqhubekayo namhlanje.
Abafuduki abaninzi baseGrike baba ngabanini bamashishini abancinci, ukuvula iivenkile zeefesi, ii-confectionaries, iivenkile, kunye nezinto zokutya ezincinci. Inani lala maziko likanamalungelo aloo maGrike.
14 we-17
BaseLithuania
Njengamanye amaqela angamaMpuma aseYurophu, i-first-wave yeLithuania abafudukayo yafika e-northeast Ohio ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ikhutshwe yimisebenzi kwicandelo lokuvelisa. Aba bafika kwangaphambili bahlala ngeSt. Clair Avenue, bevela kwi-Rockwell ukuya e-East 71st Street. Iparishi yabo, iSt. George's Lithuanian Church e-East 67th Street ne-Superior Avenue, yasungulwa ngo-1895 kwaye isaphila kakhulu.
Ingqungquthela yesibini yababaleki baseLithuania befikile eCleveland ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II njengoko iSoviet Union ilandele ilizwe labo. Laba bafike badala uluntu malunga ne-East 185th St
Namhlanje, isiko saseLithuania singatholakala kwiNgqungquthela ye-E. 185th Street nakwiqoqo laseLithuania kwiYunivesithi yaseKent State.
15 we-17
BasePuerto Ricans
Abantu basePuerto Ricans benza isininzi, malunga neepesenti ezingama-85, zase-Cleveland zaseSpanishi. Eli qela laqala ukufika kwiNxweme leNyakatho ukususela ngo-1945 kwaye ukufuduka kwaqhubeka kwada kwada ngo-1965; baqeshwe ukuba basebenze kwiimveliso zendawo kunye neendawo zokugcina izithombo. Ukufika kwabokuqala kwasekuhlaleni kwinqanaba lasempumalanga laseCleveland, malunga neHough, Lexington kunye neendlela eziphezulu.
Ekupheleni kweminyaka ye-1950, i-Cleveland yasePuerto Rican yafudukela kwisixeko esiseduze, malunga ne-West Fifth ukuya kwi-West Street izitrato ezingama-65, phakathi kweDetroit Road ne-Clark Avenue. Inani elikhulu lalabo basePuerto Rican bahlala bebiza le ndawo.
Ngamhla, isiko laseCleveland sasePuerto Rican lingafumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi zokutya zaseSpeyin kwiindawo ezikufutshane nentshonalanga kunye nomthendeleko wasePuerto Rican, owawuqhutywa ngo-Agasti ngamnye.
16 we-17
IVietnam
Abahlali baseVietnam abangaphezu kwama-2,000 baqala ukufika e-northeast Ohio emva kokuwa kweSaigon ngo-Apreli 30, 1975, isiganeko esibonakalisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Vietnam kunye nokuphela kwentando yeninzi yaseMzantsi Vietnam. Uninzi lwaba basemzini bahlala kwindawo yaseDetroit / Shoreway, kunye noMadison, Franklin, kunye neDetroit.
Namhlanje, ilifa leCleveland yaseVietnam liyabonakala kwiCawa yaseSt. Stefano kwi-West Street Street, kwiTet celebration ngonyaka ngoFebhuwari, kunye nakwiindawo ezininzi zokudlela zaseVietnam esixekweni, kuquka no-# 1 Pho.
17 we-17
Ummandla wase-Arab-American
Abafuduki baseMiddle East baqala ukufika eCleveland kwangaphambili ngo-1895, abaninzi babalekela ingxubusho kwindawo leyo eyayikhokelela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I. Abaninzi bezabelo zakudala baseArabhu bavela kwi-Greater Syria (ilizwe elibandakanya eLebhanon namhlanje) kwaye, ngokungafani ezininzi zehlabathi leArabhu, babengamaKristu. Aba basemzini bahlala kwiBolivar Avenue eDowveland naseTrmont.
Ingqungquthela yesibini yabafuduki baseArabhu yafika eCleveland emva kokusungulwa kukaSirayeli ngowe-1948, kwaye aba bavela kwamanye amazwe babefudukela ePalestina.
Namhlanje, ifa lelifa le-Arabhu liyabonakala kwiimarike ezithengileyo kwi-Market Side Market nakwiicawa, ingakumbi iSt Maron's kwiCarnegie naseSt. George Antiochian Orthodox Church eTrmont.