Ekuqaleni enikezelwe kwisenzo sikaShi'a Islam, i-moshi ye-al-Azhar isele idala njengeCairo ngokwayo. Yayithunywe ngo-970 yi-Fatimid Caliph al-Mu'izz, yaye yayiyindawo yokuqala yamanxuwa amaninzi kuloo mzi. Njengesikhumbuzo sakwa-Fatimid endala kunazo zonke eYiputa, ukubaluleka kwayo kwimbali engenakulinganiswa. Kukwaziwa kwakhona kwihlabathi jikelele njengendawo yokufunda isiSilamsi kwaye iyafana neYunivesithi e-al-Azhar echaphazelekayo.
Imbali yeMosque
Ngama-969, iYiputa yahlulwa nguJikelele uJawhar njengo-Siqili, esebenza phantsi kwemiyalelo ye-Fatimid Caliph al-Mu'izz. U-Al-Mu'izz wagubha umhlaba wakhe omtsha ngokusungula isixeko esinegama eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "Ulwahlulo luka-al-Mu'izz". Lo mzi wawuza kuthiwa ngolunye usuku njengeCairo. Emva konyaka, u-Mu'izz wayala ukwakhiwa kwe-mosque ye-al-Azhar yokuqala. Kugqityiwe kwiminyaka emibini nje, umsikiti waqala ukuvula imithandazo ngo-972.
Nge-Arabhu, igama elithi Al-Azhar lithetha "i-mosque yezona zihloniphekileyo". Ingqungquthela kukuba le moniker yeengqungquthela ayithethi ukuhleka kweMosque ngokwayo, kodwa kuFatimah, intombi yomprofeti uMuhammad. UFatimah wayaziwa nge-epithet "az-Zahra", okuthetha "ukukhanya okanye ukuhloniphayo". Nangona le ngqungquthela engavunyelwanga, iyacaca - emva kwayo yonke, u-Caliph al-Mu'izz wathi uFatimah ungomnye waboyise. A
Ngo-989, i-mosque yamisela abaphandi abangama-35, abahlala kwindawo yabo yomsebenzi omtsha.
Injongo yabo yayikusabalalisa iimfundiso zakwaShiya, kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha, umsikiti waba yunivesiti epheleleyo. Eyaziwayo kulo lonke elaseMbusweni wamaSilamsi, abafundi bahamba bevela kwihlabathi lonke beza kufunda e-Al-Azhar. Namhlanje, ngowesibili indala eqhuba iyunivesiti ehlabathini kwaye ihlala enye yezona ndawo ziphambili ze-scholarship scholarship.
I Mosque Namhlanje
I-mosque yafumana isikhundla sayo njengeyunivesithi ezizimeleyo ngo-1961, kwaye ngoku ifundisa izikhokelo zanamhlanje ziquka iyeza kunye nesayensi kunye nezifundo zonqulo. Okuthakazelisayo, ngelixa i-Fatimid Caliphate yasekuqaleni yakha i-Al-Azhar njengeziko leSaha, liye liye liyigunya elibaluleke kakhulu lehlabathi kwiSayensi yezemfundiso kunye nomthetho. Iiklasi ngoku zifundiswa kwizakhiwo ezakhiwe ngeenxa zonke kwi-mosque, ezishiya uAl-Azhar ngokwayo ukuba angathinteki umthandazo.
Ngaphezulu kwexesha lokugqibela leminyaka leminyaka, u-Al-Azhar uye wabona ezininzi ukuhlaziywa, ukulungiswa, nokubuyiswa. Isiphumo namhlanje sisinxibe esinezityebi zezitayela ezahlukeneyo ezidibanisa ukuveliswa kwezakhiwo zaseYiputa. Iintlalo ezininzi ezithintekayo kwihlabathi ziye zashiya uphawu lwazo kwi-mosque. Imijelo emihlanu ekhoyo, ngokomzekelo, yimizila yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ezo zeMamluk Sultanate kunye noMbuso wase-Ottoman.
I-minaret yasekuqaleni iyaphumile, isithuba esabelwe yiyona nxalenye yendawo yokwakha yaseMosque ngaphandle kwee-arcade kunye nezinye ze-stucco. Namhlanje, i-mosque ayinayo iminyango engaphantsi kwesithandathu. Abavakatye bangena kwiSango likaBarber, isongezelelo sekhulu le-18 kuthiwa kubafundi babeye bahlanjululwa phantsi kwendawo yokungena kwayo.
Isango livuleka kwibala legwebhile elimhlophe, elona lenye yezona ndawo ezindala kunazo zonke zeMosque.
Ukusuka entendelezweni, ezintathu zemithi ye-mosque zibonakala. Ezi zakhiwe ngekhulu le-14, le-15 ne-16 ngokulandelana. Abaveleli bayavunyelwa ukungena kwiholo elisondeleyo lokuthandaza, elisekhaya le- mihrab enhle kakhulu, i-niche eyisikiti-sondo eqoshwe eludongeni lweMosque yonke ukuze ibonise isiqondiso seMecca. Uninzi lweMosque luvaliwe kubakhenkethi, kuquka nelayibrari yayo enemifanekiso, ephethe izindlu ezinomlinganiselo we-8th century.
Ulwazi olusebenzayo
I-Al-Azhar Mosque ifumaneka entliziyweni yeCairo yamaSilamsi, kwisithili sase-El-Darb El-Ahmar. Ukungena kukhululekile, kwaye i-mosque ihlala ivulekile yonke imini. Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha ngamaxesha onke kwiMosque.
Abafazi mabagqoke iimpahla ezigubungela iingalo kunye nemilenze yabo, kwaye kufuneka ukuba banxibe ingqumbo okanye iveli phezu kweenwele zabo. Ababhenkethi bobabini beesondo baya kufuna ukususa izihlangu zabo ngaphambi kokungena. Lindela ukuba uthabathe amadoda aqwalasele izicathulo zakho ekubuyeni kwakho.
NB: Kucelwa uqaphele ukuba ulwazi olukule nqaku lichanekile ngexesha lokubhala, kodwa liya kutshintshwa nanini na.