Ezinye zeGems Literary Gems eziya kukugcina uVukani kwixesha elide, iiNtsundu ezimnyama
Njengoko ungazi ukuba, iHalloween yinto engummangaliso wase-Ireland ... kakuhle, ngeendlela ezincinci, njengokuba imvelaphi yemikhosi ye-spooktacular ingatholakala kwiCelttic Samhain . Kodwa ngaba uyayazi ukuba umntu wase-Ireland unikwe enye yezinto ezifunekayo kwi-Halloween, ngaba i-movie okanye i-costume? Ewe, sithetha ngo-Count Dracula.
Ngoko, ukukufumana kwi-Halloween (okanye i-Samhain) imizwelo, nokuba i-Ireland okanye i-Indiana, unokwenza okubi ngaphezu kokuya kwilayibrari yakho yasendaweni kwaye ukhangele ezinye iingongoma zase-Irish.
Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso, zizaliswe kunye nekhonkco kwi-archive ye-intanethi ebhalwe ngokucacileyo okanye ephupha ngabalobi base-Ireland. Masifumane i-Gothic yeengcambu!
I-Maturin yaseMelmoth - inzima
UCharles Robert Maturin (u-1782 ukuya ku-1824) wayenomsebenzi phambi kwakhe njengomfundisi, wanyulwa kwiCawa yase-Ireland. Imisebenzi yakhe yangaphandle, nangona kunjalo, ihlawulwa kuyo nayiphi na intuthuko enkulu ebandleni lobukhosi. Waqala umsebenzi wesibini njengombhali we midlalo yamaGothi kunye neenveli, okokuqala ngaphantsi kwegama elibi. Xa kubonakala ukuba umbhali oyinyaniso, umbandla waseAreland akazange adideke kwaye waxhoma uMaturin ukuba asomile. Umsebenzi wakhe owaziwayo ufikeleleka ebomini (nangona kufuneka kuthiwa le nto yayingekho ixesha elide) - ukutshiza "uMelmoth Wanderer".
"IMelmoth Wanderer" yayinguMaturin ehamba phambili (ngexesha kunye nendawo) inoveli yamaGothi kwaye yapapashwa ngowe-1820. "Iqhawe" lenveli, uMelmoth, ngumfundi owenza izinto ezithandwayo zokuthengisa umphefumlo wakhe kumtyholi. Ukutshintshisa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-150 eyongezelelekileyo yobomi. Emva koko uyahamba, njengokuba wayesebenza, efuna umhlaba ukuba umntu athathe isicatshulwa sikaSathana.
Ubukho bakhe obuqhubekayo bunqhathaniswa " nomYuda othungayo ", kodwa uyabona iFaust kunye no-ETA Hoffmann " uElixiere des Teufels " njengento eyahlukileyo kwimixholo efanayo.
Incwadana yinkcazo yamabali adibeneyo kwamanye amabali, enikela umfundi (kwiindawo ezingathembekiyo) ibali lobomi bukaMelmoth.
Kukho ukuhlalutya kwentlalo yaseburhulumenteni (ikakhulukazi isiNgesi) ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Kwaye kukho nenye into ebangelwa ngumlomo xa ifika kwiCawa yamaKatolika, ngokuchasene nosindiso olufumaneka kwiProtestanti. Abafundi banamhlanje bazama ukulwa naloveli ... kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba uzame.
Unokufumana uxwebhu olupheleleyo lweMatmin "uMelmoth Wanderer" ngokulandela le link.
Ukufunda okuMandla - iSt John D. Seymour's Collections
USt. John D. Seymour naye wayengumfundisi wamaProtestanti, kodwa ngokungafani noMaturin wayengumqokeleli, kunye no-antiquarian. Amaqoqo akhe asekuhlaleni ase-Victori kwiingqungquthela ezingaphezulu kwezinto ezihle kakhulu zihlala zidibanisa kulo mbandela, ixesha lokulala lokufunda liza kugqitywa ngokukhanya kwekhandlela elikhanyayo ... Ndiyincoma ukukhangela kwindlela yakhe yokuphamba kwi-Irish Witchcraft kunye neMadonology, equka ezininzi iinkcukacha kwiimvavanyo kunye neengxaki zikaDame Alice Kyteler. Kwaye ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, unokuba uzama iIndonesian Irish Ghost Stories eziqokelelwe nguSeymour, odidi lwesibini.
U-Sheridan Le Fanu - Ukudibanisa Inyaniso kunye neFiction
UJoseph Thomas Sheridan Le Fanu (1814 ukuya ku-1873), mhlawumbi, umbhali waseIreland ophumelele kakhulu weengxelo zamaGothi kunye neenveveli eziyimfihlakalo (ezininzi zezo zilandelayo zibaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yobuxoki buxoki).
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengomnye wabalobi beendaba zomoya ngexesha le-19 leminyaka, wadlala indima ephambili ekuphuhliseni uhlobo. Kwakhona, kukho iBandla lase-Ireland, njengoko uyise kaLe Fanu wayengumfundisi waseWest Dublin. Zombili iPienix Park kunye nedolophu ekhethekileyo yeChachazodzod ifumaneka kumabali kaLe Fanu.
Igama lokulumkisa - uSheridan Le Fanu wazama isenzo sokulinganisela phakathi kokuveliswa kunye nokuqokelela. Ezinye zamabali akhe zenziwe, ezinye zinikezwa kubafundi ngokuthi "iingingqi zendawo". Omnye akaqinisekanga ukuba uphicilelo luphela kunye neengcamango ziqala ... zikhangele iindidi zamabali kaSheridan Le Fanu kwingqokelela efikelelwa ngolu hlobo.
Big Daddy - Bram Stoker
UAbraham (owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi "uBram") U-Stoker (1847 ukuya ku-1912) naye wayevela kwintsapho yaseCentral yase-Ireland eyayinomdla, wayenomdla wemfundo yabucala kwisikolo senkolo, wafunda umthetho, kodwa waziwa ngokubanzi njengomncedisi womntu we-Victorian star star UHenry Irving, kunye nomphathi wezorhwebo we-Irving's Lyceum Theatre eLondon.
Ngethuba lakhe elincinane, wabhala ngokubhala amabali amfutshane kunye neenveli ...
Ngomnyaka we-1897 wachaza "iDracula" kwilizwe lamaVictoria - inoveli yeGothic eyenza umfundi uyingxenye yeYurophu ngexesha elirekhodiweyo ( "... denn die Toten reiten schnell!" ) Kwaye ifuna ukuqokelela iincwadi, idayari ukungena kunye nokunye, kunye nomhleli oguqukayo. Oko, ngokwenene, iyakwazi ukufundwa namhlanje ... ngaphezu kokudideka "uMelmoth".
"I-Dracula" yeBram Stoker iyakwazi ukuhlula kunye nokuthintela kwiintlobo ezininzi zokubhala - ngokuqala ngeveli ye-Gothic, iincwadi zengqungquthela zengqungquthela, ingcamango ebalulekileyo yeengcamango, kunye "neencwadi zokungena", indlela yaseBrithani yokunika uxhaso ngezwi. Kwakhona kubonisa ukunyaniseka. Iifampi ayiyiyo into eyenziwa nguSostker, kwaye ukhetho lwakhe lokuyenza iVlad the Impaler iqhawe elingalathandanga lingaba likhulu okanye lingaphantsi, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo le ncwadana yayinefuthe elikhulu kwilo hlobo.
Ukufunda okuhle, okude, funda i- "Dracula" yeBram Stoker ngokulandela le link.
Ngendlela, ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo uDracula wafika ekhaya ngo-2014, xa i-movie "iDracula Untold" ifakwe kwiNyakatho ye-Ireland ... kutheni i-CGI ephucukisiwe Inkqubo yeGiant wayimelwe ukuma kwiintaba zaseCarpathian inokuhlawulwa ngaphezulu zi khuthazo kunengqiqo.
Ukukhululwa Kokukhanya kunye no-Oscar Wilde
Umlobi wase-Ireland nomlobi u-Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills uWilde (1854 ukuya ku-1900) akafuneki isingeniso, kwaye "umfanekiso we-Dorian Gray" uvame ukubonwa njengencwadana ekhohlakeleyo ... kodwa ngeHalloween ndingathanda ukukhuthaza enye ibali elichaphazelayo engokwemvelo. "I-Canterville Ghost" ibali elifutshane eliye (ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwempumelelo, ndikhetha i-original for sheer wit) echanekileyo kwesikrini kunye nesigaba. Ngokwenene ibali likaWilde lokuqala lokupapashwa, "kwi-Court and Society Review" ngoFebruwari 1887.
Ibali lilula - indlu enkulu yelizwe lesiNgesi, ebizwa ngokuba yiCanterville Chase, isetyenziswe njengendlu ye-archetypal indlu, igcwaliswe kunye nesimo seGothic kuquka ukufakwa kweefowuni, ilayibrari efakwe kwi-oak yomnyama, iinqwelo zecala, kunye neziprofeto zasendulo zokuhamba nazo zonke ezi zinto.
Kufika abantu baseMelika baseMelika abachasayo ... i-Otis yintsapho, igqibelele ngezinto zokuthanda izinto, ukuzithemba okungenamkhawulo, kunye nenkolelo engapheliyo kwiintsikelelo zehlabathi lanamhlanje ... kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla. Ewe, oku kuxabana nezithethe zaseBrithani. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kunye nomoya weCanterville ...
Ukuzonwabisa kumnandi kwi-Irish Halloween, akukho nto ingaba ngcono kune-Oscar Wilde "I-Canterville Ghost", efumaneka phantsi kwesi sixhobo.