Ukusetyenziswa koMthetho weRhafu kuNgezelele kwiiNkonzo eMichigan
Xa sisabela kwisingxaki sebhajethi esasongela ukuvala urhulumente karhulumente, umthethospala waseMichigan wadlulisela isichibiyelo kuMthetho weRhafu weeNtsebenzo, oya kunandisa irhafu kwiindidi ezininzi zeenkonzo ngomhla we-12/1/07.
Isimo / Ukuphunyezwa
I-6% "yerhafu yenkonzo" ihlangabezane neenkcaso zangaphambili. Enyanisweni, kwaqalwa iindleko ezimbini zeSenate eziza kulibazisa kunye / okanye ukuphinda isichibiyelo kuMthetho weRhafu woTywala owadala irhafu yesevisi.
Kwakuyi-Bill House (HB5408) ekugqibeleni yenziwe, nangona kunjalo, kuba yayiquka indlela yokwenza imali. Kwagqitywa yi-Senate kunye neNdlu ngomhla we-1 kweyoku-1 ku-2007, nje ezimbalwa kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokulungiswa kweerhafu zenkonzo. Urhuluneli uGranholm wasayinisa umyalelo-mthetho ngoLwesibini, ngoDisemba 4, kwaye wabelwa uMthetho woLuntu ka-145 ka-2007.
I-PA 145'07 ishicilelwe ngokutsha isilungiso serhafu sonikezelo ngokubhekiselele kwizilungiso zoMthetho weRhafu weRhwebo, kungekhona ubuncinane bokubekwa kwe-intlawulo yeshishini eya kusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2008.
I-SB 845 yadluliselwa yizo zombini izindlu ngo-Disemba 4 kwaye inikezela ukubuyiselwa kwemali kunoma yimuphi umrhumo werhafu yenkonzo ngoMgqibelo, ngomhla we-1 ku-1 ku-2007.
Isizathu
Kutheni ityala leenkonzo? Ingundoqo kuba ukwandisa irhafu yokuthengisa kwiinkonzo kunika umthombo omtsha kunye nokwandiswa kwengeniso. Oku bhetele kubonakalisa uqoqosho eMichigan, olutshintsha ukusuka kwimoto-esekelwe kwiinkonzo zenkxaso-mali.
Iindlela kwizinye iiMerika
Yonke into ibonisa ukuba irhafu echaphazela "inkonzo," kuquka iMichigan ( Jonga iRhafu yoThutho lweNtengiso yeeNkonzo, umz. 12 ), kodwa ayingeniso eninzi yerhafu yerhafu.
Kuloo mazwe akwenzayo, uninzi lwebhedi elineendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye ulisebenzise ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Ngokutsho kwe-Wikipedia uluhlu lweentengiso ze-Intengiso e-United States, into eyaziwayo kakhulu yiNew Mexico nge-7% yerhafu yeerhafu epheleleyo kumashishini. I-Ohio ibiza ngokuba yerhafu yerhwebo. Amanye amabandla amaninzi, kuquka iHawaii, iMaine, iProvense Washington kunye neTexas, ikwaxela irhafu yerhafu kwiiresi zamashishini.
Kwimihlaba esebenzayo irhafu yesevisi njengokongezwa kwerhafu yokuthengisa, kuye kwaba yinto engathandekiyo. Enyanisweni, iFlorida yatshitshiswa yerhafu yenkonzo ka-1987 kunyaka. Enyanisweni, ukuchaswa kwerhafu yenkonzo kudla ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni kusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngcembe kangakanani, nokuba iinkonzo zihlawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwibhodi kwaye kulula ukunika ingxelo.
Qaphela: Ngokona nxalenye, zonke iindawo ziyacaca ngokucacileyo iinkonzo zobungcali zentela.
Imbali eMichigan
UMichigan wamisela uMthetho weRhafu woNcedo ngo-1937 ukuvala umngxuma wokungcola ngokuphathelele iimveliso ezithengwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngokwe-2003 yeMicimbi yaseMichigan Sales and Use Tax Report, irhafu yokusetyenziswa yongezwa ngezilungiso kwiminyaka. Njengamanye amaninzi amazwe, umzamo wokubamba i-revenue-and-more income ekugqibeleni yaphazamisa umgca phakathi kweemveliso neenkonzo. Ngokomzekelo, iinkonzo zefoni, ihotele yokuqeshisa kunye neenkonzo ezinxulumene nokwakha ziye zathotyelwa irhafu yokusetyenziswa kweMichigan iminyaka.
Iziphakamiso zangaphambili
Ingcamango yokumisela irhafu yerhafu yenkonzo ibe yinto ephindaphindiweyo kwimeko yethu kwiminyaka yamuva. Ngo-2003, i-Red Cedar Coalition, apho iMicrosoft Educational Association ilungu, ithathwa njenge-1% yerhafu yenkonzo ngokuchithwa ngokunciphisa i-1% yokunciphisa irhafu yokuthengisa.
Ingxaki yaqwalaselwa ngokusemthethweni ekuqaleni konyaka, emva kokuba iingxelo ezininzi ze-Standard & Poor zithintele ukulinganiswa kweentengo zeMichigan kwaye zixeliswe ngemiphumo emibi yemali evela ekutshitshweni kweRhafu yoShishino lwaBucala oluThile kunye neengxaki zebhajethi ezingapheliyo. Kwimizamo yokulinganisela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, irhuluneli inxulunye irhafu yenkonzo ye-2% malunga nesevisi ngaphandle kwalawo aphantsi kweentlobo zemfundo kunye neyeza. ( Qaphela: Ikhonkco ayisekho ). Isiphakamiso sadibana nokuchaswa ngokukrakra ngamashishini ahlukahlukeneyo enkonzo.
IiNkonzo ezijoliswe ngokukhawuleza
Ukubonelelwa ngxamiseko apho umthetho-mthetho kufuneka usebenze ngoSeptemba ka-2007 - urhulumente wephondo uza kuvala ngaphandle kwesisombululo kwisabelo-mali-ityala lokuthengisa elingu-6 liye landiswa kwiindidi zenkonzo. Ukunikezelwa kwejubane apho iinkonzo zikhethiweyo, ukukhathazeka ngokwemvelo kukuba ngaba iinkonzo zithatyathwa ngokukhawuleza okanye kwindlela yokusebenza kwamashishini.
IiNkonzo zeeNkonzo eziTekisiwe
Iinkonzo phantsi kwentela phantsi kwesenzo ziwela kwiindidi eziliqela. Icandelo lokuqala liinkonzo zeshishini ezingekho ngqo. Ezi nkonzo zivame ukulungiswa kwamanyathelo phakathi kweshishini elinye ukuya kwelinye, njengezokopi / iinkcukacha zokuprinta, ukubonisana, ukubhaliselwa kunye nokunye okunjalo.
Ezinye iindidi zeenkonzo phantsi kohlawulo lwentlawulo ziwela phantsi kwecandelo elibanzi "iinkonzo zomntu siqu" kwaye zibandakanya iinkonzo eziphezulu zokuqonda okanye iinkonzo zentengiso, kunye "nezinye iinkonzo zabasebenzi" njengoko kuchazwe kwiNkqubo yokuLawulwa kweMveliso yeNtshona Melika. Ngamanye amazwi, iinkonzo zomntu phantsi kohlomelo zikhethiweyo kuba zibhekwa zingabalulekanga. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyuka kweenkwenkwezi, ukubambisana kwebheyili, ukucwangciswa kweqela, ukunakekelwa kwe-nail kunye ne-facials zifakiwe, kodwa ukunakekelwa kweenwele kunye nokusisigxina kubandakanywa ngokukodwa.
Yima i-Outs kwi-List of Services Taxed:
- Isisindo-Ukunciphisa nokuThatana - Njengoko ukuchithwa kunye namakhredithi kwiimfanelo zentlawulo ye-federal zikhethwe ngokunyanisekileyo ukukhuthaza amanani athile, ukhetho olukhethekileyo lweenkonzo ezinxulumene nokunciphisa ubunzima kunye nokuthandana kwentela yombuso ngokuphazamisa / ukuphazamisa ixabiso elihambelana nokuhle impilo kunye nomtshato.
- Ukuhamba / uKhenketho - Kwimeko ejongene neengxaki zebhajethi, iinkonzo ezinxulumene nezokhenketho zibonakala zivelisa.
- I-Skiing - Enye yezinto zokuzonwabisa ezikhethiweyo ezihlawulwe phantsi kohlengahlengiso kusekhwela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kusasa kwelanga kuluhlu, okanye igalofu ingabikho. Mhlawumbi i-senators kunye nabameli babecinga igalofu into ebalulekileyo.
- I-Real Estate - Emva kwephulo lemveliso yecandelo lempahla yangaphambili kulo nyaka unxamnye ne-Granholm ye-2% isibonelelo sentela yesibonelelo senkonzo, iinkonzo ezihambelanayo neenkonzo zangaphandle azifaki kwisilungiso.
- Impembelelo yeLobbyist inokuchaphazela ngokungalunganga ukuba zeziphi iinkonzo ezirhafuweyo.
- Iingeniso zokubuyiswa kweemali ziyizinto ezingenangqiqo.
- Ierhafu ingaba yi-ATM yowiso-mthetho xa i-crisis budget ishiywe.
- Iinkonzo aziwa kakuhle kwiinkqubo zokuthengisa kunye neentengiso zerhafu yokuthengisa / yokusetyenziswa. Ierhafu ezichaphazelekayo kwiinkonzo zoshishino ezingekho ngqo zingabangela irhafu kwerhafu yamashishini amancinci.
- Amashishini amancinci angabachaphazeleka kakhulu ngenxa yokuba banakho amathuba okukhupha iinkonzo phantsi kokuhlawula irhafu.
- Irhafu yerhafu njengoko idlulileyo ingabonisa ingxelo yentloko. Igalelo elide elide elinokuba ngaba abantu basuka kwisimo sekhontrakthi esizimeleyo kwimisebenzi yengqesho.
- Irhafu ingathintela imfuneko yeenkonzo kunye / okanye iingcebiso ezinikezelwa ngabasebenzi beenkonzo.