Unyaka ngamnye, sigubha uSuku lweMhlaba ngo-Apreli 22. Lili thuba lokubonisa ukuxabisa kwethu imo kwaye sifunde indlela yokukhusela ngayo. UJeff Campbell, umbhali weSigxina samaGorantshi: Ukunyuka nokuwa kweZityalo eziMdaka kunabo bonke emhlabeni, ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakhe ngoMhla woMhlaba.
Ngukuphi Usuku lomhlaba kwaye luncedo njani ekuphakanyiseni ulwazi?
Usuku lomhlaba lwaqala ngowe-1970, kwaye lokuqala luchazwa ngokuncedisa ukunyusa ukunyuswa kwendalo.
Ngama-1960, sasisuka nje siphumelele kwifuthe elibi lokungcola kwindalo ebomini bethu. Namhlanje, sithatha amaninzi okusingqongileyo kweso sihlandlo. Silindele ukuba amanzi ahlambulukileyo asele aze ahlambulule umoya ophefumulayo, kwaye yinto ehlaselayo xa singenayo.
Iipolisi ezili-10 eziphezulu zaseLouisville
UMthetho weeNtsholongwane oMngcipheko nawo waphelelwa ngeli xesha. Enye into yokuba uMhla woMhlaba wasinceda ukuba sisiphumelele kuze kube yinto echaphazela ngayo izilwanyana zasendle. Ngama-1970, i-ukhozi ye-bald yayicishe iphele eMelika, kwaye ukubuyiselwa kwe-ukhozi yenye yeendaba eziphambili zokulondoloza. Kodwa inyaniso kukuba, izilwanyana zasendle zibuhlungu ngakumbi namhlanje kunokuba zazikho ngoko. Sibhekana nobunzima behlabathi obuphelayo, obukhulu becala ngenxa yempembelelo yethu kumhlaba wethu. Iimpembelelo zethu kwizilwanyana zibandakanya okungaphezulu nje kokungcoliseka, kwaye iingxaki zinzima ukulungisa. Nangona kunjalo kufuneka siphathe ukhuseleko kunye nokulungiswa kweentlango njengento ebalulekileyo njengamanzi acocekileyo kunye nomoya.
Ukuba i-ecosystems ayikwazi ukulondoloza izilwanyana zasendle, ngoko umhla uya kugcina xa izilwanyana ezingenako ukusixhasa.
Iifama eziMgangatho oPhambili ezi-5
Ngaba kukho izinto abantu abangayenza kwiSuku lomhlaba ukuze bancede iplanethi yethu?
Ndicinga ukuba uMhla woMhlaba uyisizathu esihle sokubhiyozela iplanethi yethu emangalisayo, nokuphinda ucinge ngelo mfanekiso odumile loMhlaba njengemarble ebhulu ebhakabhaka exhomeke ebumnyameni bendawo.
Umzuzwana wokubonga ngobomi, ngenxa yobomi bethu kunye nobomi ngokwabo, okuyimfihlelo kunye nommangaliso. Kwam, okwaneleyo, kwaye ukuba oko kwakuyimikhuba yansuku zonke, ngoko umbuzo wento esimele siyenze ukunyamekela ihlabathi lethu kwaye senze imfesane kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ziya kuziphendula. Kukho ezininzi, amakhulu ezenzo esinokuzithatha ebomini bethu bemihla ngemihla, kwaye uninzi ubilise kwinqanaba leentlango: nyathela kancane kwaye ungashiyi ngasemva.
Ukuhlaziywa kweziko leSayensi yeSizwe saseLouisville
Yintoni abantu abanokuyifunda kwizilwanyana?
Ewe, andinako ukuthetha nabanye, kodwa enye yezifundo ezinzulu endizifundileyo ekuphandweni kwezi ncwadi ezimbini zokugqibela zifana nokuba ziphi izilwanyana ezininzi, ikakhulukazi izilwanyana ezinkulu zentlalo, kunye nokuba ziphi izidalwa ezixhomekeke kuzo. Oku kuyinyaniso kumgangatho womntu ngamnye kunye neentlobo. Izilwanyana zisoloko zihlakaniphile kunokuba sicinga, kwaye zikwazi ukwenza ngaphezu kokuziqonda; ukwabelana ngobomi bethu nezilwanyana kuyintsikelelo kunye nenzuzo esixhomekeke kuyo. Kwaye oku kubonakala ngathi yindlela eyilwe ngayo. Yonke ubomi ixhomekeke kuyo, kwaye leyo iquka nathi. Xa iimeko zendalo ziphilile kwaye zizinzileyo, zixhasa uluhlu olupheleleyo lwazo zonke iintlobo zezidalwa, ukusuka kunkulu ukuya kuncinci.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, enye into endiyifunayo kukuba siyayihoxisa ezi zixhumo kunye nezinto ezithintekayo kwiingozi zethu.
Yintoni esinokuyifunda njengabantu ekufundeni iintlobo zangaphambili?
Singafunda kwiimpazamo zethu, into eyodwa. Enye into endizama ukuyenza ekugqibeleni kweeGiantsi kukuba, ubuncinane kwiminyaka engama-500 edlulileyo, amabali okuphela kunye neembali zezilwanyana ezinobungozi ngokuqinisekileyo ibali elifanayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha. Okanye ubuncinane, baya kuba ibali elifanayo xa singenzi nto ehlukile. Ukuba, sitsho, sithanda ukuba nama-tiger kunye nama-rhinos kunye neendlovu kwihlabathi lethu, kwaye sifuna ukuba bagweme ukuba enye ibali lokuphela njenge-aurochs okanye i-moa, ngoko kufuneka sitshintshe. Kufuneka silungiselele ngokucacileyo oko kuphukile. Sifanele siqaphele impembelelo yethu, sibone ukuba zeziphi izilwanyana zasendle ezifunekayo ukuze ziphile zodwa, zize ziphume ngendlela yazo.
I-recipe yokulondoloza iintlobo ngokwenene ilula kakhulu-into abayidinga kakhulu indawo kunye nenkululeko ekuphazamiseni kwabantu - kodwa ukubonelela ukuba izilwanyana zasendle zinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwihlabathi lethu lanamhlanje.
Ingaba ngulo sihloko osibhale ngaso ngaphambili? Ngaba le ncwadi yakho yokuqala?
Le yincwadi yam yesibili engabonakaliyo kubantu abadala. Umntu wam wokuqala nguDaisy kwiNkululeko , eyathetha amabali angama-50 ezilwanyana ezilondoloze ubomi bomntu njengendlela yokuhlola ubunzima bezilwanyana kunye noxanduva lwezilwanyana. Omnye wemilayezo ebalulekileyo kule ncwadi kukuba kufuneka siphathe zonke izilwanyana ngesihawu nangenyameko, inxalenye yokuba izilwanyana zazo zonke iintlobo zibonisa ukukwazi ukunyamekela nokubonisa imfesane ngathi - ngokusindiswa ngokusuka ekufeni. Ngendlela efanayo, ngokuxelela amabali alezi zizilwanyana ezingenangqiqo kodwa ezilahlekileyo nezingengozini ekupheleni kweeGoli , ndiyathemba ukuba abafundi baya kuba novelwano kwizilwanyana zasendle baze baqonde imfuno yolondolozo. Inja enye inokulondoloza ubomi obunye, kodwa ukugcina iingcuka, iibhere, izindlovu, ama-tigers, kunye nokunye kuza kunceda ukugcina i-biosphere yethu kunye nobomi bethu bonke.
Oko kwathiwa, ndandidityaniswa kakhulu kwimbambano yolondolozo xa ndingumbhali wokuhamba ngeLonely Planet. Ndaqhelana nezikhokelo kwiHawaii, eFlorida, eMzantsi-mpuma, naseCalifornia, zonke iindawo ezinobungakanani bemvelo ezijongene neengxaki ezinzulu zokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Umsebenzi wam njengombhali ohambahamba wayekunceda abantu abakhokela kwindlela yokuzonwabisa kwiindawo ezihle kakhulu eMelika ngaphandle kokuzilimaza ngakumbi, kwaye oko kwenzeni imigaqo enzulu engqongileyo kum.
Ngaba zikhona ezinye iincwadi onokubonisa ngazo abantu abanomdla kwisayensi?
Uninzi kakhulu ukuba uluhlu, ngokwenene. I-Jared Diamond kunye noStephen Jay Gould bancedisa ukuba ndinomdla kwimbali yendalo, kwaye ndingacebisa nantoni na. Ngokufanayo, imibhalo kaJane Goodall ayigqugquzeli, kwaye incwadi yakhe ethi Hope for Animals kunye neLizwe labo yayinempembelelo enamandla kwiMigqibelo yeGiants . Ngokwalondolozo, ndincoma uMarc Bekoff wokwakha Iintliziyo Zethu , ngoxa mhlawumbi incwadi ebalulekileyo kunazo zonke ngu Edward Wilson's Half Earth .