01 ngo-12
Mission Sonoma - iSan Francisco Solano
I-Sonoma Mission yayiyimishini yokugqibela yaseSpain eyakhiwe eCalifornia, eyasungulwa ngo-1823 nguBawo Jose Altimira. Igama elisemthethweni nguMfundisi uSan Francisco Solano, ogama linguSt. Francis waseSolano, umvangeli wasema-17 wee-Indiya asePeruvia, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yi-Mission Sonoma.
Ukuba ulapha ngenxa yokuba ufuna ukutyelela iMissionoma ye-Sonoma , unokufuna ukufunda ekuqaleni kwimbali yayo. Le kwiphepha elilandelayo. Ungaphinde uqhubeke nale ncwadana ukuba ukhangele kwimifanekiso ethile okanye ufumane indawo ephantsi.
Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluvela kummandla we-California Fourth Report , sebenzisa eli phepha kunye nomlando wemicimbi kwikhasi elilandelayo. Ukuba ukwakha umzekelo kwiprojekthi yakho , qhubeka uhlola isicwangciso kunye nesicwangciso somgangatho uze ukhangele umfanekiso.
Amazwi anomdla malunga neSomoma Mission
- UMnumzana uSonoma wayengumthunywa wokugqibela kunye nenyakatho yeCalifornia
- UMnumzana uSonoma nguye oyedwa owasekwa emva kweMexico wafumana ukuzimela kwiSpeyin
- UMnumzana uSonoma nguye oyedwa owasekwa ngaphandle kwecala likaKatolika
Ixesha loMphathi we-Sonoma
- 1823 - UBawo u-Altimira ufumana uMnumzana uSomoma
1827 - ukunyuka kwamaNdiya
1832 - Uninzi unyaka ophumeleleyo
1834 - iNdodana kaSomona ixhaswe
1903 - Ukubuyiselwa kuqala
Kuphi i-Mission Son Mission?
UMnumzana uSona (uSan Francisco Solano)
EKapa Square
Sonoma, CA
Iwebhusayithi yeSonoma State Historic Park kunye neeyure ezikhoyoI-Sonoma ye-Mission ikhona kwikona ye-plaza yomlando kwidolophu yaseSonoma. Ukuze ufike eSan Francisco, thabatha i-US Hwy 101 ngasentla uze uphume kwi-CA Hwy 37 empuma kuVallejo. Phendukela ngasentla kwi-CA Hwy 121, qhubeka ulandela i-Hwy 121 (ebizwa ngokuba yiCarneros Highway okanye i-Arnold Drive). Jikela ngakwesokudla kwiWadima Rd., Jikela ngakwesokudla kwi-Broadway (CA Hwy 12) kwaye ufike kwiSitrato sesithathu.
02 we-12
Imbali ye-Mission Sonoma: 1823 ukuya kwiSuku saMhla
UBawo Jose Altimira wayevela e-Barcelona, eSpeyin, waya eCalifornia ngo-1819, ukunceda kwi-Mission Dolores. Umfana osenqwenelekayo ngokukhawuleza wakhathala ngumsebenzi oqhelekileyo kwi-mission esekelwe, kwaye waceba isicwangciso sokufudula esenyakatho kwindawo yokufudumala. Endaweni yokubuza icawa, waya kwiGosa laseMexico likaDon Luis Arguello. U-Altimira wacetyisa ukuba ahambise i-San Francisco ne-San Rafael ukuthunyelwa kwindawo entsha, isenzo uAriguello acinga ukuba siya kunceda amaRashiya avele enyakatho yeKalifornia.
U-Altimira waya enyakatho ukuba ahlole indawo kwaye wasungula iSomeroma Mission ngoJulayi 4, 1823. Wabuyela eSan Francisco waza wathabatha amajoni kunye nokubuyisela kwindawo entsha. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaBawo ecaweni bachasene nesicwangciso sakhe, kwaye xa iSonto lagqitywa ngokuvuma le mishini entsha, bafuna ukuba abo babini abaseleyo bahlale endaweni.
Umlando Wezithunywa ze-Sonoma kwi-1820s-1830s
UBawo u-Altimira wayezimisele ukufakazela ukuba wayenecala malunga nomsebenzi omtsha, kwaye waqala ukuqala. Wazisa ama- neophyte angama-700 ase-Indiya esuka eSan Francisco, kwaye izidiliya ezintsha, ezityalwa phakathi kweyona ndawo yiNyanaoma Valley iwayini yendawo, yahluma.
Nangona kunjalo, u-Altimira wayengumntu onobukroti owabetha waza wafaka entolongweni abantu belizwe ukuba bazame "ukuzithiba", kwaye bakhawuleza bavukela. Iqela elikhulu lihlasele umyalezo. Baba batshisa, kwaye kungekudala emva koko ubaba u-Altimira wabaleka waya eSan Rafael. Emva kokusebenza eSan Buenaventura, wabuyela eSpeyin ngo-1828.
UBawo Buenaventura Fortuni, owaye wasebenza eMission San Jose, watshintsha uAltimira, waza wakha kabusha i-mission kunye nezakhiwo zayo, waza wabuyela e-Indian. Ngomnyaka we-1832 kwakuyiminyaka ephumelele kakhulu yemishini, xa iForun ibhaptiza iibhaptizo ezingama-127, imitshato engama-34 kunye nokufa kwabangu-70, kunye ne-996 neophytes . I-mission yayinee-6 000 zeebhokhwe neebhokhwe, amahashe angama-900, ama-mules ama-13, iihagu ezingama-50 kunye neenkomo ezingama-3 500. Amasimu aveliswa ngqolowa, ibhali, ibhontshisi, iifolo kunye nombona.
Ngomnyaka we-1833, abafundisi base-Zacatecan baseFranciscan baseMexico bathatha iSomona Mission, kwaye uYise Jose Gutierrez wabekwa icala. UBawo Gutierrez wajezisa amaNdiya ngokubabetha ngomzamo wokubalawula, isenzo esagcina sasiza u-General Vallejo ukuba athole ulawulo.
Ukwahlula
Izakhiwo zentsebenzo azizange zigqitywe xa i-Sonoma Mission yafunyanwa ngo-Novemba 3 1834. Ngokubanzi uMariano Vallejo, umlawuli weSan Francisco Presidio, wathatha ulawulo. Wayefanele ahlawule iipropati kumaNdiya, kodwa wazithathela yona esikhundleni sakhe. U-Vallejo wasungula idolophu ejikeleze ukuthunywa, okwiidolophu yaseSonoma. Indlu yakudala yayisetyenziswe njengecawa yiparadesi kude kube ngowe-1880, kwaye ekugqibeleni kuthengiswa kumntu owayakhela i-saloon phambi kwayo kwaye wasebenzisa isahlulo njengendawo yokugcina.
Umlando Wezithunywa ze-Sonoma kwi-20 yeXesha leNkulungwane
I-Historic Landmarks League yathengisa iprogram yezobukhomishini ngo-1903, kwaye yagqiba ukubuyisela umsebenzi ngowama-1926, xa beyibuyisela kwi-State of California. Emva kokubuyiselwa kwakhona, iinjongo ziyinxalenye ye-Sonoma Mission State Historic Park.03 we-12
Uludwe lweMisebenzi yeSomoma, iSicwangciso soMgangatho, izakhiwo kunye nezizathu
Umsekeli wezithunywa uBawo u-Altimira wakha icawa yokhuni eyazinikezelwa ngo-1824. Ezinye iintetho azange zenze igalelo elikhulu kwicawa elitsha, kodwa amaRussia e-Fort Ross anikela ngamanqaku athile, kuquka nentsimbi yaseRashiya.
Ngo-1825, uBawo uAltimira wayakhe indlu yombingeleli, i-granary kunye neendlu zendlu. Ngowe-1826, udonga lwe- adobe olujikeleze i- quadrangle lugqibile.
Emva kokuba uBawo Fortuni efike ngo-1826, kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezintsha, ezenziwe nge- adobe kunye nophahla lwama-tile. Icawa yaqalwa ngowe-1827 kwaye yagqitywa ngo-1832. Ngowe-1833, izakhiwo ezingama-30 zethemishini zazibandakanya i- convento yama-27, igumbi lokugcina impahla, iindibano zocweyo, indawo yokuhlala yamantombazana ase-Indiya, izindlu ze-Indiya kunye nemikhosi yamajoni, i-gristmill, ijele kunye kwi-infirmary.
Emva kokusondeza, abahlali kwiedolophu ezintsha ze-Sonoma baqala ukuthatha iileyile kunye nezinto zokwakha ukwakha amakhaya abo kunye namashishini, kwaye izakhiwo ze- adobe zaqala ukunyuka. Ngowe-1839, loo mishini yayiyinkangala.
I-Historic Landmarks League yathengisa iprogram yezobukhomishini ngo-1903, kwaye yagqiba ukubuyisela umsebenzi ngowama-1926, xa beyibuyisela kwi-State of California. Namhlanje, inxalenye yendawo ye-Sonoma State Historic Park.
04 we-12
Imifanekiso yeSomma Mission
Umfanekiso we-Sonoma Mission ngenhla ukhombisa inkomo yakhe yeenkomo. Kwathathwa kwiisampuli ekuboniseni eMission San Francisco Solano kunye neMission San Antonio.
05 we-12
I-Sonoma Mission Exterior Picture
06 we-12
I-Sonoma Mission Interior Picture
07 we-12
I-Altar Picture Altar
08 ka 12
I-Sonoma Mission Pulpit Umfanekiso
09 we-12
I-Sonoma Mission Choir Loft Umfanekiso
10 kwi-12
I-Sonoma Mission yePapasho yePapayi yokuHlaziya
11 kwi-12
Model Sonoma Mission
12 kwi-12
Sonoma Mission Mission Bell