Iingcali zaseMelika zaseSpain zithunyelwa ngeenxa zonke ezininzi zamagama kunye namagama anokudideka kuthi sonke. Le gcafiyibrari ibonisa ukuba unokuqonda oko bakuthethayo.
01 we-17
Adobe
I-Adobe Bricks kwiSan Gabriel Mission. © 2011 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Izitena ezenziwe ngodaka oluxinyiweyo kunye nomsila, omisiweyo elangeni.
Izitena ze-Adobe yile yezinto zokudala ezakhiwa kwihlabathi. Nangona zenziwe ngongcola kwaye zingagxothwa kwiziko, zihlala zihlala kwiindawo ezimeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, abaqine kakhulu kwaye izakhiwo ezenziwe kuzo zingawela phantsi kwindyikima.
Izakhiwo ezininzi zaseCalifornia zamandulo zenziwe nge-adobe kwaye ezininzi zazo zawonakaliswa yihlabathi.
Izitena ze-Adobe zidla ngokufakela umxube we-mud-and-straw zibe zikhuni zeenkuni ukuze zivele zibala.
02 we-17
Buttress
Iintambo zokuthambisa eSanta Ynez Mission. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Isakhiwo esenziwe ngamatye okanye ngamaplanga, esakhiwe eludongeni ukusiqinisa.
Imisebenzi embalwa yaseCalifornia kuphela isetyenziselwa ukuqinisa izakhiwo zabo. Omnye wabo wayeyiMission Santa Ynez, eboniswa kwisithombeni. I-San Gabriel Mission nayo inemiqolo, kodwa incinci.
03 we-17
Campanario
Campanario eLa Purisima Mission. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Udonga olubambe iintsimbi.
Uninzi lweentlanganiso zinezakhiwo ezifana nale campanario eLa Purisima Mission. Injongo yaseSan Diego yentsimbi iphethe iintsimbi ezintlanu kwaye kunjalo nomnye uMsebenzi uSig Miguel.
04 we-17
Umgcini
Umgcini kwiSithunywa saseSan Juan Bautista. © 2006 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Umzila ogqityiweyo ohamba ngasecaleni kwesakhiwo. Igama lisetyenziswe kaninzi xa i-walkway ehlanganisiweyo ikhona kwisakhiwo senkolo.
Uninzi lweentlanganiso zazingabakhonkethi abanjengomnye kwi-Mission San Juan Bautista.
05 we-17
IConvento
Imbonakalo yangaphandle, i-La Purisima Mission. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Iqela leedonki okanye izindwendwe, okanye indawo apho baqokelela kuyo. IConvento yiLizwi lesiSpanish elihlala kuyo.
Kwiintlanganiso zaseCalifornia, ababingeleli babehlala kwi-convento. Kwakudla ngokuyinxalenye ye-mission quadrangle, ecaleni kwecawa ephambi kwesakhiwo.
06 we-17
El Camino Real
I-Highway Marker ye-El Camino yangempela eCalifornia. © 2014 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. IsiSpanish esithi "iNdlela yaseKumkani" okanye "iNdlela yaseRoyal," igama lendlela eyadibanisa i-chain ye-California mission.
I-El Camino Real yayingamamitha angama-600 ubude kwaye idibanise yonke imihlangano engama-21, kunye neentlanganiso eziliqela, ii-presidios kunye needolophu ezintathu.
I-US Highway 101 yanamhlanje ilandela indlela enkulu ye-El Camino Real. Abaphawuli beembali ezifana nomfanekiso wesimboli umqondiso wendlela.
07 we-17
Ubuso
Ubuso boMbutho uSanta Barbara. © 2005 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Ubuso okanye phambi kwesakhiwo.
Ininzi yeentlanganiso zaseCalifornia zineenkcukacha ezilula, kodwa enye kwi-Mission yaseBrazil uBarbara ibhetele ngakumbi.
08 we-17
Ifayile
Ubunzima bokubhaptizwa kwi-Mission Santa Barbara. © 2007 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Isitya esikhulu, esihlotshiwe esineManzi angcwele. Isetyenziselwa ukubhaptiza iintsana kunye nabaguquli abatsha.
Ifowuni isetyenziselwa ukubhaptizwa, eyenziwa ngokufafaza okanye ukuthulula amanzi entloko.
09 we-17
BaseFranciscan
AmaFranciscans kwiBomu likaBer Serra, uMfundisi iKarmele. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Ilungu leCawa yamaKatolika, elibizwa ngokuba nguSt. Francis wase-Assisi.
AbaFrancis balandela imfundiso kaSt. Francis waseAsisi. Abantu baseFrancis bafunga ukuba baphila ubomi bomthandazo, ukushumayela kunye nokuzibamba (ukuzithoba ngokuzithandela). Baye basebenza njengabathunywa bevangeli.
Uninzi lwabaFranciscans abasebenza kwii-ofisi zakudala zaseCalifornia bevela eSpeyin naseMexico.
10 we-17
Fresco
Iifrescoes eMission San Miguel. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Umzobo owenziwe ngqo kwi-plaster emanzi.
Iimbalwa ezimbalwa zakuqala zaseCalifornia zaye zineempawu ezibucayi ze-fresco. Bambalwa babo basinda.
Iifresco ihobisa isibingelelo. Iifrescoes eMission San Miguel zizinye zezona zigcinwe kakuhle eCalifornia.
11 we-17
Neophyte
Ukusebenza kwe-Neophytes - iDorama eMission eSan Francisco. © 2004 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Nabani na omtsha ukufunda okuthile - okanye entsha ukuguqula kwinkolo - kuthiwa yi-neophyte.
I-neophyte yafunda ivesi leBhayibhile. I-diorama yeSithunywa iSan Francisco ibonisa i-neophytes emsebenzini kwaye idlala
12 we-17
IPadre
Igumbi likaSeva likaSerra kwiCamel Mission. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. IsiSpanish "ubaba," igama libizwa ngokuba ngumfundisi ongumRoma Katolika okanye umfundisi.
I-Padres inokubhaptiza kwaye ishade nabantu, ukuva ukuvuma nokuyenza eminye imisebenzi ebandleni.
Abathunywa bevangeli baseSpain ababesebenza eCalifornia babengabafundisi okanye ngoBawo.
Igama elithi Friar ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziswa ngephutha okanye kubo, kodwa elo lizwi livela kwigama elithi "umzalwana," okanye ilungu lenkolelo yonqulo.
13 we-17
Presidio
Presidio eSanta Barbara. I-R R / Flickr / CC BY-SA 2.0 Indawo yokuhlala yomkhosi.
Urhulumente waseSpain wathumela amasosha eKalifornia kunye nababingeleli. Amajoni awakha amaqonga awo kufuphi nemisebenzi. Iyona enkulu kunazo zonke yayiseSan Diego, eMonterey naseSan Francisco.
14 we-17
Quadrangle
Umzekelo we-Quadrangle yoMsebenzi kwi-Mission yaseSan Francisco. © 2004 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Inkundla egqityiweyo okanye ipatio, enamahlangothi amane.
Uninzi lweemisebenzi zakhiwa kwimilo emxholongwane ecaleni kwintendelezo. Abanye babo babenemigodi emibili edibeneyo.
15 we-17
Reredos
Reredos eMission San Francisco. © 2004 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Isalathisi okanye isahlulo sesahlulo emva kwesibingelelo esibalulekileyo ecaweni, ngokuqhelekileyo iminqophiso.
Ama-reredos amaninzi afaka imifanekiso yezenkolo kunye nekiso zeengcwele, njengaleyo kwi-Mission yaseSan Francisco.
16 we-17
INgcweliso
ISanctuary eMission Buenaventura. © 2012 Betsy Malloy Photography. Se tyenziswa yi Mvume. Indawo engaphakathi kwecawa apho kubakho isibingelelo esikhulu.
Igama eliyingcwele ekuqaleni lalibhekisela kwindawo engcwele, kodwa namhlanje lithetha indawo yokhuseleko.
Kwisakhiwo sezakhiwo zecawa, ingcwele iyona nto ingcwele kwi sakhiwo. Yindawo ejikeleze isibingelelo.
17 we-17
Ukubuyiselwa
Ukulungisa into ethile kwimeko yayo yasekuqaleni.
Ininzi yemisebenzi yaseSpain yayingasetyenziswanga iminyaka emininzi, kwaye ezinye zazo zonakaliswe kakubi. Kwiimeko ezimbalwa, uphahla lwamatye lwasuswa kwaye izindonga ze-adobe zashiywa zivula imozulu. Ngenxa yeminyaka yokunganakwa, kwakufuneka ibuyiselwe kwiimeko ozibona ngoku.