01 ngo 07
Mission San Rafael
Umvangeli uSan Rafael Arcangel wasungulwa ngoDisemba 14, 1817, nguBawo Vincente de Sarria. Umvangeli uSan Rafael wabizwa ngokuba yiNgelosi yokuPhilisa. Kwakuyigama elihle lomsebenzi owenziwe njengengqungquthela yecandelo lezonyango lwe-Mission San Francisco de Asis.
Umvangeli uSan Rafael usekuloo dolophu yaseSan Rafael, kwaye yonke into ehleliyo yinto ebonakalayo yokwakha isonto.
Amazwi anomdla malunga neS Mission San Rafael
- Imisebenzi yaseSan Rafael yayakhiwe njengesibhedlele
- Umthunywa uSan Rafael ungomnye weemisebenzi ezimbalwa ezingazange zibe ne- quadrangle
- Umvangeli uSan Rafael wayengomnye wezinto ezimbalwa zokuthunyelwa kweenqanawa
- Jikelele uFranmont wasebenzisa izakhiwo zentlanganiso njengekomkhulu lakhe xa wayethabatha eCalifornia eMelika
Umsebenzi weSan Rafael Isihlandlo
1804 - Ubaba waseSarria ufumana uMsebenzi uSan Rafael
1822 - Ubume bobukhosi obupheleleyo obunikwe
1828 - 1,120 amaNdiya eMission San Rafael
1834 - I- Secularized
1844 - Umbutho uSan Rafael washiya
1949 - Isonto lamanje lakhiwa eMission San RafaelKuphi uMbutho uSan Rafael?
1104 iFesith Avenue
San Rafael, CA
Iwebhusayithi yeMisebenzi kunye neeyure zangoku02 we-07
Imbali yeSithunywa iSan Rafael: 1817 ukuya kuma-1820
Kwi-Mission yaseSan Francisco de Asis ngowe-1817, amaNdiya abaguqulwayo ayegula kwaye afa ngenxa yezifo zabamhlophe. Abazange bakwazi ukubuyela kwiindawo ezibandayo, zomoya. Ngowe-1817, ooBawo banquma ukwakha isibhedlele, ukwandiswa komsebenzi omkhulu, ngasentla kweSan Francisco kwinto ngoku i-Marin County, apho isimo sezulu sasifudumala kwaye sitshisa.
NgoDisemba 14, 1817, abafundisi abathathu noBawo Serra, uMongameli weeMishini, baphakamisela umnqamlezo baze benze umcimbi wokusekwa. Yayibizwa ngokuba yingelosi yokuphilisa, iSan Rafael Iingelosi.
UBawo Luis Gil, owaziyo unyango kwaye uthetha ezininzi ezininzi zaseNdiya ezilwimi, wabekwa phantsi kwenkampu encinane. Oobawo bafaka iiNdiya ezigulayo ngeengubo, bazifaka ezikebheni baza baziyisa eSan Rafael ukuze bafumane.
Iminyaka Yokuqala Yomsebenzi we-San Rafael ngeNtloko
Ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala, inani labasebenzi beSan Rafael lakhula laba ngama-300, kubandakanywa ukudluliselwa kweSan Francisco kunye nabanye abaguqukayo basekhaya. UBawo Gil wakhonza iminyaka emibini waza wabuyela kuYan Juan Amoros.
Ubaba uAmosos wayengumbingeleli onamandla owaphuma efuna abaguqukayo. Wayenguye kuphela umbingeleli apho, kunye nomntu oxakekile owakhula kunye namashishini - ukulima, ukuhamba, ukutsala izicathulo, ukukhanda, ukukhanda, ukuchonga kunye nokwakha izikebhe. Ngo-1822, uBawo Amoros waguqulela uninzi lwabantu baseMiwok baseMiwok baseMiyak ukuba iSithunywa iSan Rafael i-Archangel yafumana isikhundla esipheleleyo semisebenzi ngoSeptemba 19, 1822.
Ngomnyaka ozayo, ukuphikisana kwagqitywa malunga nokuba ufuna ukuvala umnqophiso we-Mission San Rafael kunye nokwakha entsha kwi-Sonoma. Kwakubonakala ngathi imbali ye-Mission San Rafael ingelosi enkulu yayiza kufutshane. Ekugqibeleni, icawa yagqiba ukuba ibe nemisebenzi emibili enyakatho yeSan Francisco, kwaye iSithunywa seSithunywa saseSan Rafael sasisindiswa. Yakhula yaba ngu-1,140 iguqulelwe ngo-1828.
03 we-07
Imbali yeSithunywa iSan Rafael: i-1830 ukuya kwiSuku Lwangoku
Ummandla waseNdiya uguqula uMlawuli oyiNtloko kunye nomhlobo wakhe uQuintin washiya umsebenzi kwaye wabangela ingxaki enkulu. Bahlasela uMninimandla we-Mission San Rafael ngo-1829, kodwa i-neophyte yayikhusela u-Father Amoros, yakha ikhuselo lomntu yamfihla emanzini kuze kube sekulwa.
Izakhiwo zonakaliswe kodwa zakha kwakhona ngokukhawuleza. Kamva, zombini uMlawuli Marin noQuintin babuyela njengoko beguquka, bobabini bangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni. Namhlanje, i-Marin County kunye neentolongo zaseSan Quentin ezisezantsi zibizwa ngokuba ngaba bantu ababini.
Ubaba uAmosos wafa ngo-1832. I-inventory ethathwe emva kokufa kwakhe ibhala izilwanyana ezingama-5,508 kunye nokuvuna ngaloo nyaka ezili-17,905 zebhasi zeengqolowa kunye ne-1,360 ibhasi yeembotyi. Amapheya akhula eSan Rafael ayefunwa kakhulu kuloo ndawo.
Ngowe-1834, iZapatecan (Mexican) zamaFranciscans zathatha ulawulo. UBawo Jose Maria Mercado wathatha. Wayengumntu okhawulezayo kunye nomntu onobubele obangele ubandezelekileyo. Kukho iinguqu ezininzi zezinto ezenzekile, kodwa zonke ziyavuma ukuba amaNdiya angama-21 angenacala ngenxa yezenzo zakhe.
Abanye bathi wabona abantu abangaziwa beza, becinga ukuba baya kuhlasela baze bayala abantu bakhe ukuba bahlasele kuqala. Abanye bathi baxhobile i- neophytes waza wabathumela ngokumelene neqela elimgculele. Enye i-akhawunti ithi uyamangalela amanye amaNdiya angenacala atshaba, aze ahlambulule aphendule ukuba abuyele ekubuyiseleni / ahlasele iindwendwe ezingenacala, ecinga ukuba nguye owoyikayo.
Naluphi na inyaniso, u-Mercado wabuya waza wajeziswa.
Ukwahlula
Umvangeli we-San Rafael oyiNtloko wayesebenza ngo-1834. Uwonke uVallejo (owayengumphathi we-Presidio eSan Francisco) waba ngumlawuli. Kwiminyaka eyi-17 ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo, iSithunywa se-San Rafael ngeNtloko yaguqulela amaNdiya angama-1,873 kwaye iphakamisa ii-2,210 zeenkomo; 4,000 izimvu kunye namahhashi angama-454. Ngowe-1834, kwakufanele u-$ 15,025, ngokuyininzi ngenxa yomhlaba wayo.
U-Vallejo uthumele imfuyo yakhe emasimini waza wambamba imivini kunye nemithi yamapare kwaye wawahambisa. Ngo-1840, kwakukho amaNdiya angama-150 kuphela aseleyo.
Jikelele uFranmont wasebenzisa izakhiwo njengekomkhulu lakhe ngexesha elithile xa wayethabatha eCalifornia esuka eMexico kwiUnited States.
Isayithi lashiywa ngo-1844. Into eyashiywe yathengiswa nge-8,000 yeedola, ukuthengiswa kwabhengezwa ngokungekho mthethweni kweenyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuba i-US ithathe. Umbingeleli wabuyela ngo-1847.
I-United States ibuyile ii-6.5 iihektare zomhlaba ukuya kwecawa ngo-1855. Ngelo xesha izakhiwo zachitheka. Icawa entsha yakhiwa ecaleni kwamatye ngo-1861. Ngo-1870, ezinye izakhiwo zachithwa ukuze zenze indawo yedolophu ekhulayo. Ekugqibeleni, konke okuseleyo kwakungumthi owodwa wepear ukusuka kwintsimi yezityalo.
Umvangeli we-San Rafael ngeNtloko nge-20 leminyaka
Ngo-1949, uMnumzana uTomen Kennedy wakha isithandathu kwindawo yesibhedlele sokuqala.
04 we-07
Imifanekiso yeS Mission San Rafael
Umfanekiso weSan Rafael umfanekiso ongentla ukhankanya inkomo yakhe. Kwathathwa kwiisampuli ekuboniseni eMission San Francisco Solano kunye neMission San Antonio.
05 we-07
Isakhiwo seSan Rafael, iSicwangciso soMgangatho, izakhiwo kunye nemihlaba
Into encinci iyaziwa malunga nezakhiwo zaseMission San Rafael. Isakhiwo sokuqala sezithunywa sasisakhiwo esilulayo iiinyawo ezingama-42 x 87 ngamagumbi amabini, ahlukaniswe ngamagumbi esibhedlele, i-chapel, iindawo zokugcina kunye neekotora.
Izakhiwo zaseMission San Rafael zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo emva kokusasazeka. Imidwebo embalwa okanye imifanekiso ihlala namhlanje ukunika ingcaciso malunga nokuba kwakunjani. Ngenxa yokuba yayingakhiwa ekuqaleni njengentsebenzo epheleleyo, ayinayo i-quadrangle njengamanye amashishini, kwaye i-design ayizange ishintshe xa ifikeleleke kwindawo efanelekileyo yobume ngo-1822.
06 we-07
Umthunywa weSan Rafael Ngaphandle kwesithombe
Isakhiwo sezakhiwo esiseSan Rafael namhlanje sakhiwe ngo-1949. Iindonga zayo zifake ukukhonkxa okukhonjiswe ukuba zibukeke njenge-adobe. Ijongene nesikhokelo esahlukileyo kunokoqobo, kwaye kwakuncinane ukunceda abakhi ukuba benze njengento yokuqala. Iintsimbi ezine zezona zinto zimbalwa ezisinda kwi-mission yasekuqaleni, kwaye ezintathu zazo zimi emnyango wendlu.
07 we-07
I-Mission San Rafael Ngaphakathi Iifoto
I-chapel inene kakhulu yesikhumbuzo kwimishini kunokuvelisa ngenxa yokuba siyazi into encinci malunga neyokuqala. Oku kubonakala ngathi ngaphakathi.