Kukholelwa ukuba kumaxesha amandulo amawaka amawaka aseHawaii ahlala kwindawo ekuthiwa yiWimea . Le ndawo yayiyindawo ejikelezileyo ejikelezwe ngamahlathi amakhulu emithi ye-sandwood.
Ngethuba lokuba abantu baseYurophu bokuqala bafike eHawaii, inani labantu liye lahla ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-2,000. Kwiminyaka embalwa nje ukuba amahlathi e-sandalwood atyunjwe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, uluntu lwabanjiswa yinkomo yamfuyo omnyama omnyama awanikezwa kuKumkani waseKahaan Kamehameha I yiBritish Captain George Vancouver.
John Palmer Parker kunye neParker Ranch
Ixesha lekamva laloo ndawo lizimisele ngo-1809, xa uJohan Palmer Parker eneminyaka elishumi elinesithoba ehamba ngeenqanawa waza wafumana kwiSiqithi esikhulu saseHawaii. Emva kwexesha waba ngumhlobo othembekileyo kunye nesifundo sikaKummehameha I owaqeshisa ukuba anqamle le nkomo yeenkomo zasendle ezazikhulile kwaye zingekho phantsi kolawulo.
Ngo-1815, uParker watshata noKikikane, intombi yintloko ephezulu yaseHawaii. Lo mbhangqwana unentombi kunye noonyana ababini kunye ne-Parker yobukhosi baqala njengembali yeParker Ranch eyakhawuleza yaba yi-ranch enkulu kunaloo ndawo.
Paniolo
Amahashe okuqala ayefikile eHawaii malunga ne-1804. Iimpawu ezinemibala kunye nezakhono zaseLatin American vaqueros (cowboys) zafika ngo-1832 isimemo esivela kukumkani waseHawaii ukufundisa abazingeli beeHawaii nabangaphandle beenkomo ukuba bahambe njani bathabathe izinkomo. Ngo-1836, iHawaii yayisebenza ama-cowboys. Into esiyicinga "i-American" cowboys ibuyele emva kwee-1870 kuphela.
Uhlobo olukhethileyo lwe-cowboy, i-paniolo, lwafumana igama lakhe kula maSpeyin, okanye i-Espanoles.
Njengoko i-Parker Ranch yanda, kwanjalo indawo yaseWaimea, njengabakhandi, abenzi bezithunywa zevangeli, abathunywa bevangeli, i-paniolo, abakhandi bamathambo kunye nabantu abafuna ukufumana ubomi obuninzi bafika kuloo ndawo. Amanye ama-ranchers kunye nee-ranch zeza kwaye ezininzi zahluleka.
Njengoko i-Parker Ranch yanda kwaye i-longhorns yaba yikhaya, u-Waimea wangena ngexesha elithulekileyo lokuhlala kwalo oluntwini ikakhulukazi iintsapho ezinxulumene nerhamncwa.
IMfazwe Yehlabathi II kunye neCamp Tarawa
IMfazwe Yehlabathi II yatshintsha yonke into. Imfazwe yazisa umkhosi emadlelweni ngaphandle kweWaimea. Amaziko omkhosi kunye nemizi yakhiwa. Umzi omkhulu wetente, obizwa ngokuba yiCamp Tarawa, wakhiwa kwi-Parker Ranch umhlaba.
Abalimi bahlala kwindawo kwaye baqalisa ukukhula kwezityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze bathengise emkhosini okanye bayithumelele eHilo ngenzame yemfazwe. Iintsapho ezininzi zaqalisa "iiNdawo zokuPhumela." Ngowe-1939 kuphela iihektare ezili-75 kwindawo yaseWaimea zazinikezelwa kwezolimo. Ekupheleni kwemfazwe okwenyuka kuma-hektare ama-518.
Ngexesha lemfazwe i-airstrip yakhiwe kamva yayiza kuba yi-Waimea Kohala Airport, i-hall yokuzonwabisa yasekuhlaleni kunye neziko lezemidlalo lakhiwa. Njengoko kucaciswe nguGordon Bryson kwi-Waimea Gazette athi nqaku Waimea Remembers Camp Tarawa :
I-Waimea leapt kwinqanaba le-20 ngenxa ye-teknoloji kunye nento eninzi eyayibonakala ilandele iMarines edolophini. I-generator yegesi yamvumela ukuba izakhiwo zokuhlala zibekwe ngombane kunokuba i-kerosene. I-Waimea Elementary School ne-Waimea Hotel yaba ngama-400- esibhedlele sokulala kunye nezibonelelo zonyango zanamhlanje.
Iinjineli zonakalise umlambo waseWaikoloa, zakhiwe izikhumba zokuhambisa amanzi kwicandelo kunye nedolophu, kwaye zakha izakhiwo zeCanek zesikhashana emva kweSt. James Church. Indlu yeqhwa yasinceda abapheki bamanzi ukuba baphumelele njenge-ayisikrimu yabantwana beedolophu kunye nabantu abadala.
Oosomashishini abavela kulo lonke isiqithi baqala ukubonisa ukuba bathengise amawaka amaphepha afundwa ngamanxweme kunye neenduli zamatye ashushu awonk 'ubani awonayo xa ebona imidlalo yebhola epakini. "
Ngaphambi kwemfazwe ngo-1940 inani labantu baseWaimea laliyi-1,352 nje. Iphindwe kabini ngonyaka kwaye iyaqhubeka ikhula ukusuka.
Iminyaka Yemfazwe Yemva
I-Parker Ranch, nangona kunjalo, yawela kumaxesha amanzima kwiminyaka ephakathi kwe-20 leminyaka. Ngomnyaka we-1920 i-ranch yayikhule ngokukhawuleza, kwinqanaba elinye libandakanya ngaphezu kweesigidi-million-iihektare kunye neenkomo ezingama-30,000 apha. U-Alfred Wellington Carter wayephethe i-ranch kodwa iteknologi yayibuhlungu kwaye inzuzo yancipha.
Oku kwakukutshintsha xa umnikazi uRichard Smart (umzala weParker) wabuyela eHawaii ngo-1949 emva komsebenzi we-Broadway ophumelelayo. Njengoko kuchazwe kwi-biography kwiwebsite yeParker Ranch:
"I-Smart yaqala ukuphucula i-Parker Ranch, yavuselela kwaye yandisa ezininzi iinkqubo zokuzalisa iinkomo kunye nokutya. Wathuthukisa ikomkhulu le-ranch waza wakha i-Parker Ranch Visitor Centre kunye ne-museum yayo, indawo yokudlela kunye nevenkile.
Waqeshisa umhlaba waya kuLaurance Rockefeller, owayengumcebisi wokuthabatha uphuhliso nophuhliso lwaseKona-Kohala. Waqulunqa iinkqubo zokuxhamla abasebenzi beefama kwiimfundo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kunye nenkcubeko. Washiya uphawu lwakhe olusisigxina, lobuciko kwi-Parker Ranch, wayelungisa indlu yakhe, ebizwa ngokuthi uPuuopelu, kunye neengcambu zeempahla kunye nefenitshala ayeziqokele ngexesha lokuhamba kwakhe kwehlabathi. "
Parker Ranch 2020 Isicwangciso
Ngethuba lobomi buka-Smart u-Waimea uqhubeka ukhula. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-ranch kunye ne-Waimea Community, i-Smart iqulunqe icebo elide elibizwa ngokuthi iParker Ranch 2020 Plan. Kwakhona njengoko kuchazwe kwiwebhusayithi yeParker Ranch:
"Injongo yeCwangciso yayikubekwa eceleni umhlaba owaneleyo ukuvumela ukukhula okungapheli nokuphuhliswa. Ukulawula ukukhula bekuya kwenza ukuba uluntu lugcine uluntu lwasemaphandleni" uluntu "kodwa lubonelele ngezabelo zoshishino, umsebenzi kunye nezindlu zokuhlala. U-Smart ugunyazisile ukuthengiswa kweendlelo ezisezantsi ezithengileyo ezisiko leendawo zokuhlala ezithengiswayo kwilizwe laseKholeni.
Ummandla okhulayo weWaikoloa Village usekuhlaleni kweParker Ranch. Ngowe-1992, i-Hawaii County yavuma ukuhlaziywa kwamahektare angaphezu kwama-580 yomhlaba kwimisebenzi yoshishino, ishishini kunye nokuhlala ngokuhambelana neSicwangciso se-2020. Namhlanje, ii-trustees ze-Parker Ranch Foundation Trust zihlawulwa ngokuphunyezwa ngokuqhubekayo kombono we-Smart, iParker Ranch 2020. "
U-Smart wafa ngo-1992 kwaye ngokufa kwakhe iParker Ranch yadlulela ekulawuleni iParker Ranch Foundation Trust abaxhamli bayo baquka i-Parker School Trust Corporation, i-Hawaii Preparatory Academy, i-Richard Smart Fund yeSithili saseHawaii kunye neSibhedlele saseKhaya saseHawaii.
Waimea Namhlanje
Njengoko ixesha lidlulileyo, umhlaba awusadingeki ukunyusa iifomo kuye kuthengiswa kwaye uphuhliso lwezindlu lwandisiwe kwindawo yeWaimea.
UMollie Sperry ubhala ngolu hlobo lwangoku u-Waimea kwimbali yakhe emfutshane kaWaimea :
Abantu base-Waimea bahluke kakhulu kwaye banamandla. Abalimi nabaxhasi bahlanganiswa ngabafundisi bezikolo ezisixhenxe, abasebenzi beetambo zeehotele ezisixhenxe zehlabathi kunye neeklasi ezi-9 zegalufa, izazi zeenkwenkwezi kunye nezobuchwephesha ezivela kwii-telescope ezimbini ezinkulu, abefundisi abavela kwi-14 okanye ngaphezulu kunye nabaqeqeshi bempilo kwisibhedlele saseNyakatho saseHawaii, iZiko lezeMpilo likaLucy Henriques kunye neeofisi ezahlukeneyo zamazinyo kunye noogqirha.
Idolophu idla i-Realtors, iikontraki, izakhiwo, izakhiwo zebhanki kunye nosomashishini. I-Kahilu Theatre ifaka isikhungo senkcubeko sabaculi kunye neengcweti. Ihlabathi laseHawaii laseHawaii elincinci likhangisa inani elininzi labantu baseHawaii bomthonyama.
Namhlanje amaziko okuthenga ama-3 e-Waimea, izibane zendlela ezimbini, ukutya ezimbini zokutya okuzila ukutya kunye nezinye iindawo zokudlela ezimashumi amabini zidibene nokuthengisa ezinye, kodwa ixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza lilapha. I-Parker Ranch kunye nomnini wexesha elide uRichard Smart, qhubeka nokuloba ubuso kunye nekamva le-Waimea ngokusebenzisa izilwanyana kwimpilo, kwimfundo nakwimveli yenkcubeko, eyona nkampani ebanzi kunye nentembelo yoluntu. "
Ukufundwa okucetywayo
I-Parker Ranch yaseHawaii: I-Saga ye-Ranch ne-Dynasty ngu-Joseph Brennan
Imbali ecacileyo yendoda kunye nenqanawa eyayisungula yona ikhule ibe yindalo engqalileyo. I-Parker Ranch ayiyona nje imbali yendoda ekhethekileyo kunye nentsapho yakhe, kodwa isahluko esibalulekileyo kwimbali yaseHawaii. I-odyssey yamaGrisi kunye nabafundi ngokukhawuleza banomdla kubomi babalinganiswa ababeyinzala kaJohn Parkers. " - Amazon.com
Ukunyaniseka kwiLizwe: I-Legendary Parker Ranch, 750-1950 nguBilly Bergin
"Ukunyaniseka kwiLizwe ngumlando ogqithisileyo womnye wee-United States 'ezinkulu kakhulu zokusebenzela, i-Big Island yeHawaii yaseParker Ranch. Kule ncwadi ebanzi kunye nengqiqo, iboniswe ngemifanekiso engaphezulu kwama-250, uDkt Bergin Uqala uxoxe ngeengcambu ezibalulekileyo zeSpanishi zokuxhamla eHawaii. Emva koko uxoxela iimbali zeentsapho ezilisiseko ezihlanu, ukubonelela ngolwazi olucebile kunye nolwazi olunzulu malunga namalungu athile abenegalelo kwimpumelelo yoMlambo. " - Amazon.com